tZiw, P\X, `mj

Atd_y, Ad_nIÄ

aq¶p hn`mK§Ä

_mCZ, Bcn_, apkvXAvdn_

a¡, CkvamCuÂ(A)

kwkw

PpÀlpw a¡bnÂ

_enIÀ½w

IAv_bpsS ]p\À \nÀamWw

JpkmA¯v A[nImc¯nÂ

Jpkz¿nsâ ]cnjvIcWw  

a¡bpsS \ma§Ä, alXz§Ä

Ad_nIfpsS alXzw

DZmcioew 

lrZbss\Àaeyw

_p²n kmaÀYyw

kXykÔX

IcmÀ ]me\w

[ocXbpw iucyhpw

XymKhpw kl\hpw

kzmX{´yt_m[w

kwkvIcWw      

Ad_n `mj

apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS P\\w a¡bnepw, P\X Ad_nIfpw IpSpw_w Jpssdinbpam sW¶pw \ap¡dnbmw. F¶m AXv tIhew bmZrÑnIambn kw`hn¨XÃ. {]XypX {]] © \mYsâ {IaoIcWambncp¶p. Gähpw \à tZi¯v XmcXtay\ KpWmwi§Ä IqSpXeppÅ P\XbnÂ, D¶Xamb IpSpw_¯n Bbncn¡Ww \_n(kz) X§fpsS P\\w F¶ {]]©\mYsâ \nÝbw  Xs¶bmWXn\SnØm\w.

GsXmcp  kaql¯n\pw a\Ênem¡m\mhp¶ Ncn{Xapd§p¶ tZiamWv a¡. AXn\m Xs¶ ]qÀh {]hmNI³amÀ X§fpsS {]t_m[nXÀ¡v A´y{]hmNIsc¡pdn¨p hnhcn ¨t¸mÄ ZpÀ{KmlyXbp­mbnÃ. temI¯v Zpjv{]hWXIfpsS thentbä¯n am\pjn IX XakvIrXambt¸mgpw Nne \à ioe§Ä Ahew_n¨p Pohn¨ Ad_nIÄ, kwkvI cW¯n\v XmcXtay\ {]bmkanÃm¯ P\XbmWv. C{_mloaokcWnbpsS `mKamb hn ip² tKl¯nsâ ]cn]me\¯nepw taÂt\m«¯nepw {i²n¡m\mhkcw e`n¡pIbpw AXnsâ t]cn BZcWobcmbn¯ocqIbpw sNbvX JpssdinIÄ \_n(kz)bpsS P\ Xbpw IpSpw_hpamIm³  Gähpw tbmKyÀ Xs¶bmbncp¶p.

temI¯nsâ A\pIcWob t\XrXzamb k¨cnXcmb kzlm_n hcy³amÀ ]nd¶Xpw {][m\ambpw Ad_nIfn \n¶mWv. Aºmkv(d) apkvenamIp¶Xn\p ap¼pw \_n(kz)bpsS kwc£I\mbncp¶p. {]XnkÔn L«§fnseÃmw At±lhpw A_qXzmen_pw \_n(kz)sb kwc£n¡m\p­mbn. AhÀ \_n(kz)bpsS IpSpw_¯n s]«hcmWv. ]e hnizmknIfpw kz´w amXm]nXm¡fm t]mepw ]oUn¸n¡s¸«t¸mÄ kz´w ]nXr hy³amÀ \_n(kz) X§Ä¡v klmbnIfmbncp¶p. Hcpthf \m«pImscÃmw tNÀ¶v _ln jvIcn¨t¸mÄ t]mepw \_n(kz)sb Is¿mgnbm³ AhÀ Iq«m¡nbn«nÃ. kXyaX {]Nm cW¯n \n¶p ]n³amdm³ \nÀ_Ô]qÀÆw Ahcmhiys¸SpI t]mepap­mbn«nÃ. A´ÊpÅ, \nÝbZmÀVyapÅ IpSpw_¯nsâ BÀÖhambncp¶p AXv.

C_v\p akvDuZv (d) ]dbp¶p: ""\nÝbw, AÃmlp Xsâ ASnaIfpsS lrZb§sf ho £n¨p. A§s\ apl½Zv(kz) X§sf ZqXcmbn \ntbmKn¨p. Ahsâ hnÚm\§Ä sIm­v {]tXyIw A\pKrloXcm¡n. ]n¶oSv CXc P\§fpsS lrZb§sf ho£n¨p. (Ahcn \n¶p) \_n(kz) X§Ä¡v A\pNc³amsc XncsªSp¯p Ahsc \_n(kz bpsS kXyZo\nsâ klmbnIfpw  klImcnIfpam¡n''(lnÂbXp HuenbmAv:1/375).

Npcp¡¯n Hcp \mSpw HcpP\Xbpw Hcp IpSpw_hpw \_n(kz)bpsS P·¯mepw Ahn Sps¯ DZvt_m[\§Ä kzoIcn¨Xn\mepw D¶Xamb AhØ {]m]n¨p. \_n(kz)bpsS tZihpw P\Xbpw  ]T\aÀln¡p¶p  F¶mWnXp hyàam¡p¶Xv

Atd_y

]t¯Im e£t¯mfw NXpc{i IntemaoäÀ hnkvXoÀ®apÅ Hcp D]Zzo]mWv Atd _y. ap¶p `mK§fpw kap{Z§fmWvv. ]Snªmdv sN¦SÂ, Ing¡v t]Àjy³ DÄ¡SÂ, sX¡v C´y³ almkap{Zw. hS¡p `mK¯v am{XamWv IcbpÅXv. samks¸mt«anbbpw kndnbbpamWv hS¡p`mK¯pÅXv. `qa²ytcJ¡v 10þ40 Un{KnIÄ¡nSbn CXv ØnXn sN¿p¶p. Gjym `qJWvU¯nsâ ]Snªmdv ØnXn sN¿p¶ Cu `qhn`mKw C´ybpsS ]Snªmdp `mK¯mWv.

\nc¶ hnimeamb Øe§Ä, Xmgvhmc§Ä, ]oT`qanIÄ, ]ÀÆX \ncIÄ, ]md¡p¶p IÄ F¶n§s\bpÅ {]Xew. ITn\Xcamb `q{]IrXnbn Pee`yX hfsc IpdhmWv. AXn\m Irjn IpdhmWv. F¶m Pe¯nsâ e`yX¡\pkcn¨v \¶mbn Irjn sN¿p ¶ Øe§fpw D­v. {]IrXnbpsSbpw InS¸nsâbpw ASnØm\¯n hyXykvX t]cp IfnemWv {]hniyIÄ Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. ba³, lnPmkv, Xnlma, \PvZv, bama, _lvssd³ XpS§nbh {][m\ {]hniyIfmWv. hnip² a¡bpw ]pWyaZo\bpw ]pcmX\ \Kcamb XzmC^pw lnPmknemWpÄs¸Sp¶Xv.

Ad_nIÄ

\qlv \_n(A)bpsS Ime¯v [n¡mcnIfmb P\Xsb "Xzq^m³' F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ Pe{] fb¯m \in¸n¨p Ifªncp¶phtÃm. Ahcn hnizmknIfmbn Ahtijn¨ kmw, lmw, bm^n¯v F¶o \qlv(A) k´XnIfn kmw F¶ ]p{Xsâ k´m\ ]c¼cIfn epsSbpÅ P\hn`mKw skanän¡pIÄ F¶dnbs¸«p. Chcn kndnb, ^ekvXzo³, Atd _y, CdmJv XpS§nb `mK§fn Xmakn¨ncp¶ skanän¡pIÄ kwkmcn¨ncp¶ `mj bmWv Ad_n. AXpsIm­mWv AhÀ Ad_nIsf¶dnbs¸«Xv.

skanän¡v `mjm IpSpw_¯n  Ad_n `mjbmWv {]apJw. Ad_n `mj kwkmcn¡p¶ hsc GIoIcn¡p¶Xp `mj am{XamWv. {]IrXnbnepw BImc¯nepw hyXykvXcmWhÀ. Bhmk tI{µ§fpw AhnSps¯ ImemhØbpw {]IrXnbpsams¡ CXn\v ImcWam bn«p­v. kpµc³amcpw hncq]nIfpw shfp¯hcpw Idp¯hcpw \o­hcpw Ipdnbhcpw FÃmw Ad_nIÄ¡nSbnep­v. FÃmhcpw ASnØm\]cambn Hcp ]c¼cbn \n¶pÅ hÀ Xs¶bmWv.

aq¶p hn`mK§Ä

Ad_nIfpsS hwi]mc¼cyw ]cnKWn¨v, Ncn{XImc³amÀ Ahsc aq¶p hn`mK§fmbn Xncn¨n«p­v. AXv IrXyamb Hcp kao]\amWv Xm\pw. D]hn`mK§sf ]cnKWn¡mXn cn¡p¶XmWv IqSpX kpXmcyX F¶Xn\m Gsd¡psd FÃmhcpw Cu aq¶p hn`mK ¯nsemXp¡nbmWv NÀ¨ \S¯nbn«pÅXv.

]qÀhIme Ad_nIfpw C¶v \nehnenÃm¯hcpamb hn`mKamWv "_mCZ' Ad_nIÄ,  Ad_n `mjbpsS bYmÀY {]Xn\n[nIfmbn \nehnep­mbncp¶hsc "Bcn_' Ad_nI sf¶p ]dbp¶p. Ad_n hwiPcpambn CSIeÀ¶v Ad_n`mj kzmb¯am¡n Ad_n I fmbn¯oÀ¶hsc "apkvXAvcn_' Ad_nIsf¶pw ]dbs¸Sp¶p.

_mCZ

]pcmX\ kaql§fpw tKm{X§fpambncp¶ BZv, kapZv, PpÀlpw, Xzkva, PZokv, Dssaw XpS§nbhsbÃmw _mCZ  Ad_nIfmWv. apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS \ntbmK¯n\p ap¼p Xs¶ Cu hn`mKw ]qÀWambpw \mamhtijambncp¶p. ap¼v kndnbbnepw CuPn]vXnep sams¡ Cu hn`mK¯n\v  A[nImc§fp­mbncp¶p.

BZv, kaqZv hn`mK§Ä Ahcnte¡v \ntbmKnXcmb lqZv(A), kzmenlv(A) F¶o {]hmNI³amsc [n¡cn¨v kXy\ntj[nIfpw Al¦mcnIfpambXn\m Ahsc AÃmlp \in ¸n¡pIbmbncp¶p. ChÀ¡v \ÂIs¸« in£sb¡pdn¨v hnip² JpÀB³ hnhn[ Øe §fn hnhcn¨n«p­v

Xzkva, PZokv tKm{X§Ä ]ckv]cw Ieln¨p sIm­ncp¶p. AhÀ B ]IbpsSbpw Ie l¯nsâbpw hgnsb ]qÀWambn \mi¯nse¯n. Dssaw hn`mKw iàamb aW Imän \memWv \in¸n¡s¸«Xv.

Bcn_

\qlv\_n(A)ansâ ]p{X\mb kmansâ k´m\]c¼cbn hcp¶ JlvXzmsâ ]u{X³ bAvdp_nsâ  k´m\§fmWv Bcn_ Ad_nIÄ. JlvXzm\nIsf¶pw ChÀ Adnbs¸Sp¶p. ba³ `mK§fnemWnhÀ tI{µoIcn¨ncp¶Xv. ba\n \mep \qäm­ne[nIw `cWw \S¯nbncp¶ KÊmkn\ cmPhwiap­mbXnhcn  \n¶mWv. Chcn \n¶p aZo\bnse ¯n Xmakapd¸n¨hcmWv aZo\bnse {]kn² tKm{X§fmb Hukv, JkvdPv F¶nh. JlvXzm\n Ad_nIfnse {]kn²amb Hcp tKm{Xambncp¶p Ilvem³. AhÀ ba\n \n ¶v D]Zzo]nsâ hyXykvX `mK§fnte¡v ]emb\w sNbvXncp¶p. A§s\bmWv AXn sâ imJIfmb Hukpw JkvdPpw aZo\bnse¯nbXv. lnPmkn Xmakam¡nb PpÀ lpw tKm{Xhpw JlvXzm\n hn`mK¯nemWv s]Sp¶Xv. a¡bn P\hmkhpw Pee`yX bpaps­¶dnªt¸mÄ AhÀ lmPdm(d)bpsS k½X {]Imcw AhnsS Xmakn¡pIbm bncp¶p.

apkvXAvdn_

CkvamCu \_n(A)sâ k´m\ ]c¼cbnÂs]Sp¶hcmWv apkvXAvcn_ Ad_nIÄ.  \qlv\_n(A)sâ ]p{X³ kmansâ ap¶mw Xeapdbn Bdn_v F¶bmfpsS ]c¼cbn emWv C{_mlnw(A) PmX\mbXv. bAvdp_nsâ ]c¼cbmbncp¶nÃ. AXp sIm­p Xs¶ C{_mlnw(A) Ad_nbmbncp¶nÃ. CdmJn _m_ntemWnembncp¶t¸mÄ kpdnbm\n bpw. imanembncp¶t¸mÄ  I³B\nb³(Imt\\nb³) `mjbpambncp¶p C{_mlnw(A) D]tbmKn¨ncp¶Xv.

a¡bn Xmakam¡nb CkvamCu (A)apw D½ lmPdm _ohnbpw Ad_n hwiPcmb PpÀlpapImcpambn CS]gInbmWp Pohn¨ncp¶Xv. AXphgnbmWv CkvamCuÂ(A) Ad _n `mj ]Tn¨Xv.

CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ IpSpw_w ]n¶oSv Ad_n`mjbmWv D]tbmKn¨Xv. At±l¯nsâ k´m\]c¼c {ItaW km£m Ad_nIsft¸msebmbn¯oÀ¶p.A§s\ ]pXnsbmcp Ad_n IpSpw_hpw ]c¼cbpw DSseSp¯p. AYhm {]]©\mY³ Ahsâ A´yZqXÀ ¡v ]cnip²]mc¼cyapÅ Hcp IpSpw_ ]c¼cbpw hwimhenbpw {IaoIcn¨psh¶ÀYw. A\d_nIÄ Ad_nIfmbn¯oÀ¶Xn\memWv 'apkvXAvcn_' F¶ t]À  \ÂIs¸«Xv.

CkvamCuÂ(A)te¡v F¯nt¨cp¶ ]nXr]c¼cbnemWv AZv\m³ F¶ ]nXmal³ D ÅXv. AXp ImcWw At±l¯nte¡v tNÀ¯v AZv\m\nIÄ F¶pw  ChÀ Adnbs¸Sp ¶p­v. \_n(kz)sb Nne Øe§fn "AZv\m³ k´Xn' "AZv\m\nIfnse t\Xmhv' F s¶ms¡ hntijn¸n¡mdpÅXv CXn\memWv. CkvamCu k´XnIfn s]s«¦nte Ad _nbmbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sq F¶nÃ. Ad_n `mjsb kz´w `mjbmbn kzoIcn¡p¶h scms¡ apkvXAvcn_ hn`mK¯nÂs]« Ad_nIÄ Xs¶bmWv. Ckvemw kzoIcn¨t¸m Ä NneÀ kz´w `mj IqSn Dt]£n¨v Ad_n kzoIcn¨ncp¶p. ]gb t]Àjy³, tdma³ km{amPy§fpsS `mKambncp¶ ]e {]tZi§fnepw C¶v Ad_n `mj D]tbmKn¨p hcp ¶p­v.

a¡

sN¦Sen Xoc¯p \n¶v 83 IntemaoäÀ AIse kap{Z\nc¸n \n¶v 280 aoäÀ Dbc ¯n Kncn\ncIfm BhcWw sN¿s¸«p InS¡p¶ Hcp {]tZiamWv a¡. Hcp {Kmaw F¶ tIhe hntijW¯n HXp§p¶ {]tZiaà a¡. AhnsS ØnXnsN¿p¶ hnip ² tKlhpw AXnhninjvSamb kwkw \ocpdhbpw a¡sb HcmIÀjWþA\p{KloX tI{µam¡n amänbn«p­mbncp¶p. k©mcnIfpw hmWn¡pIfpw Hcp hn{ia tI{µsa¶ \nebn a¡sb D]tbmKn¨ncp¶p. Adnbs¸« Ncn{X{]Imcw a¡bn ØncP\hmk amcw`n¨Xv CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ Imew apX¡mWv. CdmJn \n¶v C{_mlnw(A) kz]p{Xs\bpw ]Xv\nsbbpw a¡bnse¯n¨p ]pXnb IpSpw_¯n\ØnhmcanSpIbmbncp¶p. CXp kw_Ôambn Nne Imcy§Ä \mw Adntb­Xp­v.

_nw_mcm[Icmb P\§Ä¡nSbnemWv C{_mlnw(A) PmX\mbXv. {]Xnamcm[\sbbpw A\p_Ô NS§pIsfbpw \ninXambpw bpàn]qÀhIambpw At±lw FXnÀ¡pIbp ­mbn. {]Xn_ԧĠ ]eXpw At±l¯n\p  XcWw sNt¿­n h¶p. XymK]qÀWam b PohnXw \bn¨p temIm\pIcWobs\¶ \nebnte¡v DbÀ¯s¸«p. ]t£,  {]mbta sdbmbn«pw Hcp Ipªn¡m ImWm\mhm¯ {]bmkw C{_mlow(A)s\ Ae«nbncp¶p. {]]©\mYt\mSv Hcp Ipªn\mbn  At±lw \nc´cw At]£n¨p sIm­ncn¶p.

{]t_m[\ \mfpIfn ^ekvXzo\nte¡pw CuPn]vXnte¡psaÃmw At±l¯n\p ]emb \w sNt¿­nh¶p. {]nbXa kmdm(d)bpsam¶n¨pÅ bm{Xbn  CuPn]vXn Hcp ]co£W¯n\v AhÀ hnt[bcmbn. CuPn]vjy³ N{IhÀ¯n kmd(d)sb ]nSn¨p Xsâ Ima ]qÀ¯n¡v  D]tbmKs¸Sp¯m³ {ian¨p. ]t£, {]hmNI ]Xv\nbpw kXyhnizmkn\n bpamb alXnsb sXmSm³  t]mepw AbmÄ¡p IgnªnÃ. kmd km[mcW h\nXbsà ¶p a\Ênem¡nb N{IhÀ¯n. Ahsc kzX{´bm¡n hn«b¨p . lmPd(d) AS¡apÅ k½m\§Ä \ÂInbmWv hn«b¨Xv. ]n¶oSv kmd(d) X\n¡v k½m\ambn e`n¨ lmPd (d)sb C{_mlnw(A)\v G¸n¨p sImSp¡pIbpw C{_mlnw \_n Ahsc `mcybmbn kzoIcn¡p Ibpw sNbvXp.

CkvamCuÂ(A)

]pXnb Zm¼Xyw ]pjvIeambn. lmPd(d) KÀ`nWnbmbn. CkvamCuÂ(A) ]nd¶p. XpSÀ ¶v BZy`mcy kmd(d)bpw KÀ`nWnbmbn. CkvlmJv(A)s\ {]khn¨p. AÃmlphnsâ \nÀt±im\pkcWw C{_mlow(A) lmPd(d)sbbpw CkvamCuÂ(A)s\bpw a¡bnte ¡p sIm­ph¶p. a¡bn Øncamb a\pjy hmk¯nsâ XpS¡ambncp¶p AXv.

hnP\hpw Xcnipamb a¡bpsS a®n Hcp ]´Â sI«n aIs\bpw `mcysbbpw AXn em¡n. C{_mlow A) _m_ntemWnte¡v Xs¶ t]mhms\mcp§n. At¸mÄ lmPd(d) tNmZn¨p

"R§sf Bsc G¸n¨mWv A§v t]mIp¶Xv?

AÃmlp A§tbmSn§s\ I¸n¨n«pt­m?'

"AtX' F¶mbncp¶p C{_mlow(A)sâ adp]Sn. CXp tI« alXn¡v kam[m\ambn. AhÀ ]dªp: "F¦n A§v s]mbvs¡mÅpI. AÃmlp R§sf ]mgm¡n¡fbnÃ.'

kXyhnizmknbpsS ]mIs¸« a\Ênsâ ss[cys¸SemWnhnsS {]ISamhp¶Xv. C{_m low(A) AXnXo£vW ]co£W§sf A`napJoIcnt¡­nh¶n«p­v. AXnsem¶mbncp ¶p CXpw. C{_low \_n(A) AÃmlphnsâ Zmk³ am{XaÃ, ZqX\pw IqSnbmbncp¶p htÃm.

C{_mlow(A) _m_ntem¬ e£yam¡n ]pds¸«p. ]ckv]cw ImWm¯ A{X AIse F¯nbt¸mÄ {]]©\mYt\mSv Xsâ a\Ênsâ hyY¡v ]cnlmcap­mhm³ BßmÀY ambn  {]mÀY\ \S¯n. hnip² JpÀB³ CXv  D²cn¨n«p­v: ""R§fpsS \mYm, Fsâ k´XnIfn s]«hs\ Irjnsbm¶panÃm¯ Hcp Xcniv Xmgvhmc¯v \nsâ hnip² `h \¯n\Sp¯mbn Rm³ Xmakn¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. \mYm, AhÀ \nkvImcw \ne\nÀ¯p¶Xn\v th­nbmWnXv. P\lrZb§sf  \o Ahcnte¡mIÀjn¸nt¡Wta. AhÀ¡v FÃm ]g §fn \n¶pw \o \ÂtIWta; AhÀ \µn sN¿p¶hcmbn¯ocm³ th­n''(Bibw; C{_mlnw: 37)

Cu {]mÀY\ a¡ F¶ hnip² \Kc¯nsâ cq]oIcW¯nepw Øm]\¯nepw \nÀWm bI ]¦v hln¨XmbmWv Ncn{Xw \ÂIp¶ kqN\. a¡bpsS ]pcmX\amb {]IrXnb\p kvacn¨psIm­v AXn a\pjyhmk¯n\pw BIÀjW¯n\pw A\nhmcyamb kml Ncy krjvSn¡mbn C{_mlow(A) Bhiys¸SpIbmbncp¶p. Hcp Xcniv\new F¶Xn\m  AhnSw Hcp XmakØeambn kzoIcn¡p¶Xn\v Bcpw X¿mdmhWsa¶nÃ. AXn \m Xs¶ C{_mlow(A) AhnSw Hcp BIÀjI `qanbmbn¯ocp¶Xn\v Bhiyamb `uXnI kmlNcyhpamhiys¸SpIbmWv.

Cu {]mÀY\bpw ]qÀWamb AÀY¯n kzoIcn¡s¸«p. kwkansâ t{kmXÊpw Gä hpw IqSpX `£yhn`h§fpw ]g§fpw Cd¡paXn sN¿s¸Sp¶ tI{µhpambn a¡m tZiw amdn.

kwkw

AÂ]w shffhpw `£Whpap­mbncp¶Xv XoÀ¶pt]mbn. c­p t]À¡pw Zmlhpw hni ¸pa\p`hs¸Sm³ XpS§n. lmPd(d) Ip«nsb ]´en InS¯n. kz^¡pw aÀhm¡pw CS bneqsS, shÅw e`n¡m³ hà amÀKhpapt­m F¶t\zjn¨v AhÀ HmSn. kz^bpsSbpw aÀhbpsSbpw apIfn tIdn hà bm{XnIscbpw ImWp¶pt­m F¶p t\m¡n. A§s\ BImw£ \ndª Ip¶pIbähpw CSbnse Hm«hpw Ggp{]mhiyw BhÀ¯n¨p. Ggma s¯ {]mhiyw alXn aÀhbnse¯nbt¸mÄ Hcp i_vZw tI«Xpt]mse tXm¶n. H¶v IqSn {i²n¨t¸mÄ  ho­pw AXv tI«p. At¸mÄ alXn ]dªp:

""tI«n«p­v (tIĸn¨n«p­v). hà klmbhpw e`n¡m\pt­m?'' Pn{_oÂ(A) At¸mÄ AhnsS {]Xy£s¸«,v  C¶v kwkw ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe¯v Xsâ NndIv sIms­m¶p NnIªp. AtXmsS AhnsS Hcp sXfn\ocpdh {]Xy£s¸«p. AXn \n¶p PesamgpIm ³ XpS§n. lmPd(d)bpsS DÅw XWp¯p. kt´mjhpw kam[m\hpw Bi¦bpw Hcp an¨v Ahcn {]ISambn. "kwkw' F¶p ]dªv AhÀ shÅw XSw sI«n \nÀ¯n. D½bpw Ipªpw Zmlw amän.

temIapkvenwIÄ¡v ]pWyXoÀYamb kwkw, häm¯ \ocpdhbmWvv. \nc´cw ]¼v sN bvXn«pw tem`a\p`hs¸SmsX AXv {]hln¡p¶p.  hfscb[nIw alXzhpw KpWhpapÅ PeamWv kwkw. AtXmsSm¸w Ncn{X{][m\hpamWXv. Hcp \mSns\ \Kcam¡n am\hX bpsS {i²m_nµphm¡n amänbXn kwkan\v {]Xy£ambn¯s¶ ]¦p­v.

Xcnip`qanbnÂ, acp¸d¼n t]mjIkar²amb Pe¯nsâ e`yX hensbmc\p{Klam Wv. temIw Im¯ncn¡p¶ Hcp alZv]ndhn¡p ]Ým¯e `qanIsbmcp¡p¶Xn\p {]] © \mY³ sNbvX kwhn[m\ambncp¶p CXv.

PpÀlpw a¡bnÂ

hnP\Xbnembncp¶n«pw {]]©\mYsâ kwc£W¯nepw Xncpt\m«¯nepw Hcp½bpw aI\pw kt´mjt¯msS Ignªp h¶p. A§s\bncns¡ ba\n \n¶pÅ Hcp bm{Xm kwLw AXn\p ]cnkcs¯¯n. AhnsS Pemib¯n\p aosX am{Xw ]d¡mdpÅ  ]£n IfpsS km¶n[yw Ahsc AÂ`pXs¸Sp¯n. AhcpsS Adnh\pkcn¨v AhnsSsb§pw Hcp Pemib¯nsâ km[yX CÃmbncp¶p. F¶mepw c­p t]sc At\zjn¡m\b¨v aäpÅhÀ hn{ian¨p. At\zjn¡m³ t]mbhÀ kt´mj hmÀ¯bpambn Xncns¨¯n. A hnsS shÅw am{Xaà c­p a\pjycpaps­¶dnbn¨p.

AhscÃmhcpw shÅapÅnSt¯¡v \o§n. lmPd(d)sb I­v A`nhmZyw sNbvXp. alXn {]Xy`nhmZyw sNbvXp.

""Cu shÅw BcpsSXmWv?.'' AhÀ lmPd(d)tbmSp tNmZn¨p

""FtâXmWv''. lmPd(d) adp]Sn ]dªp. At¸mÄ AhÀ tNmZn¨p: ""R§fnhnsS Xma knt¨mt«?'' lmPd(d) k½Xw \ÂIn.

AhÀ ba\nse PpÀlpw J_oe¡mcmbncp¶p. AhÀ X§fpsS \m«nse _Ôp¡sfbpw IqSn At§m«v hcp¯n Xmakam¡n. CtXmsS a¡bn P\PohnX¯nsâ ]pXnb \m fpIÄ ]nd¶p. ""\mYm, a\pjylrZb§sf \o Ahcnte¡mIÀjnt¡Wta'' F¶ C{_m low(A)sâ {]mY\bpsS km^eyambncp¶p AXv.

lmPd(d)bpw aI\pw PpÀlpapImcpambn kulmÀ±]qÀÆw Pohn¨p. C{_mlow(A) CS ¡nsS hcnIbpw t£amt\zjWw \S¯pIbpw sNbvXpsIm­ncp¶p.

_en IÀ½w

CkvamCuÂ(A) hfÀ¶p hepXmbn. HmSm\pw NmSm\pw {]mbambn. As¶mcp\mÄ C{_m low(A) h¶Xv ]pXnsbmcp ]co£Ws¯ A`napJoIcn¡m\pÅ X¿msdSpt¸msSbm bncp¶p. kz´w ]p{Xs\ _en\S¯p¶Xn\mbn {]]©\mY³ At±lt¯mSp \nÀt± in¨ncn¡p¶p. hnhcw ]p{Xs\bpw lmPd(d)sbbpw Adnbn¨p. \nÝbZmÀVyt¯msS ¯s¶ aI³ {]XnIcn¨p: "\nÀt±in¡s¸«Xv A§v {]mhÀ¯nIam¡pI. AÃmlphnsâ lnXw t]mse, £amioe\mbn Fs¶ At§¡v ImWm³ km[n¡p¶XmWv'(Bibw, AÊm^v^m¯:v 104).

C{_mlow(A) CkvamCuÂ(A)s\ Adp¡m\mbn sNcn¨p InS¯n, hmÄ{]tbmKw \S ¯n. ]t£, apdnthänÃ. At¸mgXm {]]©\mY\n \n¶v Adnbn¸p hcp¶p: ""Hm C{_m low, A§v kz]v\ \nÀt±iw hmkvXhoIcn¨ncn ¡p¶p'' (Bibw, AÊm^v^m¯v :105).

CkvamCuÂ(A) _en¡p hnt[b\mth­n h¶nÃ. kzÀK¯n \n¶nd¡nb HcmSns\ _en \S¯n C{_mlow\_n(A) {]XnÚ \ndthän. Cu IpSpw_¯nsâ PohnX¯nse kp{][m\amb L«§Ä F¡mehpw A\pkvacWobam¡m³ {]XoImßI {]hÀ¯\ ¯nepsS \mw \nÀt±in¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. lÖpw _ens]cp¶mfpw Dfvln¿¯pw \s½ HmÀ½n¸n¡p¶Xv AXmWv.

PpÀlpw tKm{X¡mcn \n¶v CkvamCuÂ(A) Ad_n`mjm ]cnÚm\w t\Sn. bphmhm b At±lw PpÀlpw tKm{X¯n \n¶v Hcp s]¬Ip«nsb hnhmlw sNbvXp. Hcn¡Â kµÀi\¯ns\¯nb ]nXmhv Ahsf hnhml tamN\w \S¯m³ CkvamCuÂ(A)an¶p kqN\ \ÂIn. AX\pkcn¨ CkvamCuÂ(A) asämcp kv{Xosb  hnhmlw sNbvXp. dAve F¶p t]cmb  Cu c­mas¯ `mcybn CkvamCuÂ(d)\v ]¯v (]{´­v F¶pw A`n{]mbap­v) k´m\§fp­mbn. Ahcn \n¶pÅ ]n³XeapdIfmWvv bYmÀY Ad_nIÄ.

IAv_bpsS ]p\À\nÀ½mWw

asämcpBÚ \S¸m¡p¶Xn\v th­n¡qSnbmbncp¶p ]n¶osSmcn¡Â C{_mlo(A) h¶Xv. a¡bnse¯nbt¸mÄ kz]p{X³ CkvamCuÂ(A) kwkan\Sp¯ncp¶v A¼v icn s¸Sp¯ns¡m­ncn¡p¶Xp I­p. At±lw kemw ]dªv aIsâ ASp¯p sN¶p. BenwK\w sNbvXp. tijw  C§s\ ]dªp:

""CkvamCuÂ, AÃmlp Ft¶mSv ChnsS Hcp Bcm[\m tKlw \nÀan¡m³ I¸n¨n «p­v''. ""I¸\ t]mse sNbvXmepw'' F¶mbncp¶p CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ {]XnIcWw C{_mlow(A) aIsâ klmbamhiys¸SpIbpw aI³ klmbw hmKvZm\w sN¿pIbpw sNbvXp. FhnsSbmWmtKlw ]Wntb­sX¶ aIsâ tNmZy¯n\v C{_mlow(A) sNdnb IÃpIfpÅ Hcp a¬Xd Nq­n¡mWn¨p sImSp¯p. AhnSw Hcp Xdbmbn  DbÀ ¶p \n¶ncp¶  ImcW¯m AXn\p Npäp`mK¯p IqSnbpamWv shÅw HgpInbncp¶Xv. A§s\ AhÀ ]Wnbmcw`n¨p. BZyw ASn¯d Is­¯n. AXn\v apIfn \nÀamW {]hÀ¯\w Bcw`n¨p. CkvamCuÂ(A) IsÃSp¯v sIm­p h¶v C{_mlow \_n(A)\v \ÂIn. C{_mlow \_n(A) AXp hm§n ]Shv  sNbvXp. Hmtcm Znhkhpw Htcm hcn hoXambncp¶p ]Shv sNbvXncp¶Xv. ]Shv DbÀ¶p Xmsg \n¶v F¯m¯ AhØbnem bt¸mÄ Hcp IsÃSp¯v AXn Ibdn \n¶mWv ]ns¶ \nÀamWw XpSÀ¶Xv. B IÃv C _vdmlow(A)sâ Bhiy¯n\\pkcn¨v DbcpIbpw XmgpIbpw sNbvXpsIm­ncp¶p. C_vdmlow(A)\v ss[cyw ]Icms\t¶mWw B ]md¡Ãn At±l¯nsâ ]mZw ]Xn ªv \n¶p AXnsâ ASbmfw {]Xy£ambn¡mWmhp¶Xmbn. Cu IÃmWv aJmap C _vdmlow F¶dnbs¸Sp¶X.v Xzhm^n\p tijw CXn\p ]n¶n \n¶v c­p dIvA¯v \n kvIcn¡m³ JpÀB\n I¸\bp­v.

a¡bpsSbpw IAv_bpsSbpw ]cn]me\hpw `cWhpw CkvamCuÂ(A)an\p tijw  ]p{X\mb km_nXpw tijw  CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ `mcym ]nXmhpamWv \nÀhln¨ncp¶Xv. At±lw km_nXnsâ k´m\§sfbpw CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ k´m\§sfbpw tbmPn ¸n¨v \à \nebn \bn¨p h¶p. AhcpsS k´m\§Ä hÀ²n¨p. a¡bpsS CSp§nb Xmgvhmcw Xmakn¡m³ aXnbmhmsX h¶t¸mÄ ]ecpw ]cnkc§fnte¡v amdn¯ma kn¨p. sNÃp¶nSs¯Ãmw Ahsc Xt±iobcmb P\§Ä BZcn¡pIbpw AhcpsS t\Xr Xzw AwKoIcn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. ]n¶oSv  PpÀlpwImÀ ]hn{X`qansb ]cnKWn¡msX s]cpamdnbt¸mÄ AhÀ¡v A[nImcw \jvSs¸SpIbmbncp¶p.

JpkmA¯v A[nImc¯nÂ

PpÀlpwImsc Xpc¯n A[nImctasäSp¯Xv JpkmA¯v tKm{X¡mcmbncp¶p. AhÀ ba\nse AWs¡«v XIÀ¶p­mb {]fb¯n \n¶v kpc£nX Øew tXSn h¶hcm bncp¶p. ]ebnS¯pw ]cmPbs¸« AhÀ ]t£, a¡bn PpÀlpwImtcmSv Gäpap«n hn Pbw hcn¡pIbmbncp¶p.

PpÀlpwþJpkmA Gäpap«en \n¶v amdn¡gnªncp¶ CkvamCu k´XnIÄ Jpkm AXvImsc  kao]n¨v  a¡bn Xs¶ Ignbm\\paXn tXSn. AhÀ A\paXn \ÂIpIbpw  sNbvXp. Jpk¿p_v\p Inem_nsâ BKa\w hsc a¡bpsS `cWw JpkmA tKm{X¡m cpsS A[o\Xbnembncp¶p. JpkmA¯nse Awdnsâ Ime¯mWv Atd_ybn Ckvam CueokcWn¡v hncp²amb NS§pIfpÛhn¨Xv. C_vdmlow(A)apw CkvamCuÂ(A)apw IAv_m \nÀamWw ]pÀ¯nbm¡nb tijw ImWn¡ \nt£]n¡m\mbn Hcp Ipgnbp­m ¡nbncp¶p. AXn lp_p F¶ hn{Kls¯ {]XnjvTn¨mbncp¶p XpS¡w. ]ns¶   _lpssZhXz]cambXpw AÔhnizmk]cambXpamb hnhn[ NS§pIÄ Ah³ GÀs¸ Sp¯pIbp­mbn.

Jpkz¿nsâ ]cnjvIcWw

\_n(kz) X§fpsS ]nXmal\mb Jpk¿v_v\p Inem_mWp  a¡bn ]e ]cnjvImc §fpw \S¸n hcp¯nbXv. CXphgn XoÀYmSIÀ¡pw kztZinIÄ¡pw [mcmfw kuIcy §Ä e`yamIpIbp­mbn. At±l¯n\p tijw k´m\§fpw tbmKyXb\pkcn¨v a¡bpsSbpw IAv_bpsSbpw Imcy§Ä {i²n¨p h¶p.

lnPm_v, knJmb, dn^mZ, \Zvh, enhmAv, JnbmZ F¶n§s\ IAv_bpambn _Ôs¸« ]ZhnIfpw A[nImc§fpw kp{][m\§fmbncp¶p. hnip²tKl¯nsâ Xmt¡m kq £n¸pw ]cn]me\hpabncp¶p lnPm_. XoÀYmSIÀ¡v ZmlPew \ÂIp¶Xn\v knJmb F¶pw `£Ww \ÂIp¶Xn\v dn^mZ F¶pw ]dbp¶p. kt½f\§fnse A²y£ ]Z hnbmWv \Zvh sIm­pt±iyw. bp²thfIfnse ]XmIhmlI ]ZhnbmWv enhmAv. tk \m\mbIXzw JnbmZ F¶dnbs¸«p. ASnØm\]cambn Chbpw A\p_Ô Imcy§fpw D¯chmZs¸«hcpsS Iognembncn¡pw.

Jpkz¿nsâ Ime¯mWv P\§Ä hnip²`qanbpsS lrZb `mK¯p Xmakn¡m³ XpS §nbXv. AXphsc  ]cnkc§fnembncp¶p Xmakw. JpssdinIÄ¡v Xmak Øe§Ä \nÀWbn¨v AhbpsS DSamhImiw \ÂIpIbp­mbn. BZyIme¯v ]I kab§fn  ]pWy`qanbn IgnbpIbpw sshIpt¶cambm IpSnepIfnte¡v t]mhpIbpw sN¿p Ibmbncp¶p ]Xnhv. Jpkz¿nsâ Cu ]cnjvImcs¯ FÃmhcpw kt´mj]qÀmhw kzoI cn¡pIbpw At±ls¯ X§fpsS t\Xmhmbn AwKoIcn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Jpssdin Isf kwLSn¸n¨ BÄ F¶ \ne¡v "apP½nAv' F¶ A]c\maw At±l¯n\pe`n¨p.

a¡bnse tIm¬{^³kv lmÄ F¶p ]dbmambncp¶ Zmdp¶Zvh Øm]n¨Xv At±l amWv. a¡bnse Hcp kmwkvImcnI tI{µambn ]cnKWn¨ph¶ncp¶ ChnsS h¨mWp kp {][m\ Xocpam\§Ä FSp¯ncp¶Xv. XoÀYmSIcpsS t£a¯n\pw kuIcy¯n\pambn At±lw ]e Imcy§fpw \S¸m¡pIbp­mbn. Xsâ I¿n a¡bpsS A[nImcw h¶ DSs\ At±lw JpssdinItfmSv \S¯nb Hcp {]kwK¯n {]Jym]n¨p:

""JpssdinItf, \n§Ä AÃmlphnsâbpw  Ahsâ `h\¯nsâbpw AbÂhmknIfm Wv. Ahsâ hnip² `qanbnepÅhcpamWv. lÖv \nÀÆln¡ms\¯p¶hÀ AÃmlphn sâ `h\w kµÀin¡p¶hcmWv. AXn\m Xs¶ AhÀ AÃmlphnsâ AXnYnIfmWv. AXnYnIfn BZcn¡s¸Sm³ Gähpw AÀlÀ AÃmlphnsâ AXnYnIÄ Xs¶bmWv. AXpsIm­p \n§Ä Ahsc k¡cn¡Ww. lÖnsâ thfIfn AhÀ¡v A¶ ]m \ob§Ä \ÂIWw. F\n¡Xn\pam{Xw k¼¯p­mbncps¶¦n Rm³ kzbw AXv sN¿pambncp¶p''.

Cu Bhiy¯n\v At±lw AhÀs¡Ãmw Hcp hcnkwJy \nÝbn¡pIbpw AhcXv \ IpIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. AXp sIm­v XoÀYmSIÀ¡v `£Whpw shÅhpw ]mepw aäpw \ÂInt¸m¶p. a¡bpsS ]pd¯pff InWdpIfn \n¶mWv A¶v XoÀYmSIÀ¡mbn sh Åw sIm­p h¶ncp¶Xv.  At±lw a¡bn  APq F¶ t]cn Hcp InWÀ Ipgn¨p  AXn \n¶v shÅw D]tbmKn¡m³ XpS§n.  Xsâ ]ZhnIfpw A[nImc§fpsams¡ At±lw PohnXIme¯v Xs¶ a¡Ä¡v hoXn¨p \ÂIn. A_vZp a\m^n\v PehnXcW hpw s]mXp t\XrXzhpw e`n¨p.

A_vZp±mdn\v ssk\nI t\XrXzhpw IAv_bpsS ]cn]me\hpw, A_vZp DÊ¡v AXn Yn kÂImchpw XoÀYmSI tkh\hpw \ÂIpIbp­mbn. ]nXmhnsâ \nÀt±im\pk cWw B Imcy§Ä `wKnbmbn AhÀ \nÀhln¨p h¶p. hnip² Ckvemw hnPbw hcn ¡pIbpw a¡ CkvemanI tI{µambn ]cnhÀ¯nXamhpIbpw sNbvXXn\p tijamWv Cu A[nImc¯n amäap­mbXv.

a¡bpsS \ma§fpw alXz§fpw

a¡ tIhe \KcaÃ; hnizmknIsf kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw AhcpsS kwkvImc¯nsâ bpw BßobXbpsSbpw hnf`qanbmWXv. Znhkw A©pt\cw \nÀ_Ôambpw hnizmknIÄ s\©v Xncnt¡­ hnip² `h\s¯ s\©nteäm³ `mKyap­mb a®mWXv. ]pWy §Ä¡v \qdmbncw ta\n ^ew hnfbns¨Sp¡m\mhp¶ hnip²`qan. hnip² JpÀB\pw Xncpkp¶¯pw AXnsâ alXz§Ä \ap¡v hnhcn¨p X¶n«p­v. Bib {]]©§fpÄ s¡mÅp¶ ]e \ma§fpw a¡bpsSXmbn Adnbs¸«n«p­v.

a¡, _¡, D½pÂJpdm, AÂ_eZp Aao³, aBZv, AÂ_ÂZ, AÂJÀb, AÂ_eZv F¶o 8 \ma§Ä JpÀB\n Xs¶ ]cmaÀin¨n«p­v. Hmtcm t]cn\pw AXntâXmb  AÀY Xe§fp­v.

hnip²`qanbn ]hn{XØeambn \nÀWbn¡s¸« ldan\v 127 IntemaoäÀ Npäfhn 5,503,000 NXpc{iaoäÀ hnkvXrXnbp­v. AhnsS th«bmSmt\m hoWpInS¡p¶ hkvXp ¡Ä FSp¡mt\m hr£§fpw sNSnIfpw \in¸n¡mt\m ]mSnÃ. aänS§fn A\phZ\o bamb ]eXpw ChnsS \njn²hpw  henbin£ e`n¡pw hn[w  KpcpXcamb sXäpamWv. \nkv¡mcw A\phZ\obaÃm¯ kab§fnepw ChnsS h¨v \nkvIcn¡mw. ChnsS h¨p Å kIe ]pWy§Ä¡pw \qdmbncw ta\n(1 e£w) {]Xn^ew e`n¡p¶XmWv. {]tZi ¯ns\¶ t]mse {]tZi¯pImÀ¡pw ]cnKW\Ifp­v.

`qanimkv{X]cambpw a¡¡v Nne khntijXIfp­v. \_n(kz) X§fpsS {]t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v A\pIpeambXmWsXms¡. Gjym `qJWvU¯nsâ `mKamb Atd_y B {^n¡bpsSbpw bqtdm¸nsâbpw ASp¯mWv ØXnsN¿p¶Xv. Hcp `mK¯v tdmapw t]Àjybpw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. hyXykvX cmPy§fnte¡pÅ I¨hS kwL§Ä AXphgnbmWv k©cn¨ncp¶Xv. Hcp hn{iakt¦Xw F¶\nebnepw {]kn²amb hmWnPytI{µ§fpsS kao]{]tZiw F¶ \nebnepw IqSpXemfpIfn kXyktµiw s]s« s¶¯p¶Xn\v kmlNcyw A\pIqeamb {]tZiamWnXv. c­p km{amPyXz iànIÄ¡ Sp¯v c­n\pw Iogvs¸SmsX \ne\n¶ Hcp kzX{´{]tZiw. A[nImcw \ne\nÀ¯mt\m kwc£n¡mt\m th­n t]mcmSn kzbw \int¡­ KXntISp­mbn«nÃm¯hcmWv a¡ ¡mÀ. kz´w A`nhr²n¡pw kpc£nXXz¯n\pw th­n am{Xw A²zm\n¡m\pw k¼m Zn¡m\pw aäp {]Xn_Ô§tfm IrXym´c _mlpeytam XSÊambn«nÃm¯hcmbncp¶p AhÀ. Hcp km{amPy¯nsâtbm k{am«nsâtbm FXnÀ¸nÃmsX {]NmcW {]hÀ¯\ §Ä \S¯p¶Xn\v AhnsS kuIcyap­mbncp¶p F¶XmWv Hcp {][m\ {]tXyIX. C§s\ kzm`mhnIamb Hcp A\pIqemhØ  B {]tZi¯p­mbncp¶p.

Ad_nIfpsS alXzw

Hcp kaqlsa¶ \nebn Ad_nIfpsS DÂ`hhpw ]mc¼cyhpw {]Xn]mZn¨p. F¶m Ahcn \n¶mbncp¶p \_n(kz)  \ntbmKnXcmbXv F¶ Imcyw AhcpsS alXzs¯ s]cp¸n¡p¶p. tIhew bmZrÑnIambn ssIh¶ Hcp alXzaà CXv; {]]©\mYsâ Ir Xyhpw bpàhpamb {IaoIcW¯nsâ ^ew Xs¶bmbncp¶p.

\_n(kz) ]dbp¶p: ""AÃmlp krjvSnIsf krjvSn¨t¸mÄ Pn{_oÂ(A)s\ Ab¨p. Pn{_oÂ(A) krjvSnIfn  a\pjysc Ad_nIÄ, A\d_nIÄ F¶n§s\ c­p hn`m Kam¡n  Xncn¨p.  Ad_nIfnte¡v AÃmlphnsâ Xncpt\m«ap­v. Ad_nIsf ba³, apfÀ, Jpssdiv F¶n§s\ aq¶m¡n Xncn¨p. CXn Jpssdiv hn`mK¯n\mbncp¶p AÃmlphnsâ {]tXyI ]cnKW\. ]ns¶   Rmt\sXm¶nemtWm AXn D¯aamb Xn \n¶v Fs¶ \ntbmKn¨p''(lm¡nw).

Ad_nIfn \n¶mWp \_n(kz) \ntbmKnXcmbXv F¶Xn\m Xs¶ AhÀ ku`mKy hm³amcmWv. Ad_nIÄ F¶ {]tbmK¯nsâ hym]vXnbn Ad_v tZihmknIfÃm¯ Ad_nIfpw s]Spsa¶mWv \ap¡v a\Ênem¡m\mhp¶Xv. Ad_n `mj¡v kz´ambn AhImis¸Sm³ Ignbp¶ KpW§sfÃmw Ad_n kwkmcn¡p¶ FÃmhÀ¡pw kn² amWv.

\_n(kz) X§Ä ]dbp¶p: ""a\pjytc, \mY³ GI³ am{XamWv. BZy ]nXmhv HcmÄ am{XamWv. aXw H¶v am{XamWv. Ad_nbmhpI F¶Xv amXm]nXm¡fm e`yamb ]Z hnbÃ. Ad_n Hcp `mjbmWv. Ad_n `mj kwkmcn¡p¶hscms¡ Ad_nbmWv'' (I³kp D½mÂ:33937).

GI Cemlnepw Ahsâ aX¯nepw hnizkn¡pIbpw BZn]nXmhv BZw(A) BsW ¶wKoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ Bcpw Ad_n kz`mjbmbn kzoIcn¨v D]tbmKn¨m  Ad _nIfn s]«h\mbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Spsa¶v Cu lZokv t_m[ys¸Sp¯p¶p­v.

""aq¶p ImcW§fm \n§Ä Ad_nIsf kvt\ln¡pI;  Rm³ Ad_n `mj¡mc\mWv, JpÀB³ Ad_n `mjbnemWv, kzÀKhmknIfpsS `mj Ad_nbmWv F¶nhbmWv  B Imcy§Ä'' (I³kp D½m 33922).

Ad_nIfnse KpW§Ä

Ccp­ ImeL«¯nse Ad_nIfnep­mbncp¶ Xn·ItfmsSm¸w Ahcnep­mbncp¶ KpW§fpw \mw a\Ênemt¡­XmWv. \_n(kz)bpsS \ntbmKs¯ I­pw A\p`hn¨pw Adnbphm\pÅ Ahkcw e`n¡m³am{Xw F´p khntijXIfmWhcnep­mbncp¶Xv F¶p ]cntim[n¡mw. CkvamCuÂ(A)t\mSv IpSpw_ _Ôhpw BZÀi _ÔhpapÅ hcmbncp¶phtÃm Ad_nIÄ. AXn\m Xs¶ AXnsâ AkvXan¡m¯ IncW§Ä Ahcn XpSÀ¶ncn¡m\mWv IqSpX km[yXbpffXv. Ncn{Xw CXn\v km£nbmWv.  Xsâ \ntbmKe£yambn \_n(kz) FSp¯p ]dª HcpImcyw {i²n¡pI: ""DZm¯amb KpWioe§Ä ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶Xn\mbn Rm³ \ntbmKnX\mbncn¡p¶p''(_pJmcn).

DZm¯amb KpWioe§fn NneXv A]qÀWamtbm AkwkvIrXamtbm \nehnep­m bncp¶p F¶v Cu lZokv hyàam¡p¶p­v. Ahbn NneXv ImWpI.

DZmcioew

Ad_nIfn \ne\n¶ncp¶ AXyqÂIrjvS kz`mhambncp¶p DZmcioew. AXnYn k¡mc¯n\mbn kz´w PohntXm]m[nbmb H«Is¯ t]mepw  Iim¸v sN¿p ¶Xn\v AhÀ¡v aSnbnÃmbncp¶p. A_²him Ipä§fneIs¸«hÀ henb {]mbÝn ¯tam ]ngtbm HSpt¡­n hcpt¼mÄ AhÀ¡p ]Icambn AtXsäSp¡m³ t]mepw AhÀ X¿mdmbncp¶p. ]£n arKmZnIÄ¡v `£Ww \ÂIp¶Xn henb XmÂ]cyw {]ISn¸n¨hcp­mbncp¶p Ad_nIfnÂ. lmXap¯zmCu AXypZmc\mb Hcp Ad_nbm bncp¶p. alm\mb AZn¿v(d) F¶ kzlm_nhcysâ ]nXmhmWt±lw. DZmcioe¯n\v D]am\ambn At±l¯nsâ \maw {]tbmKn¨n«p­v. Hcp AXnYn X§fpsS \m«nse¯n bm aq¶p\mÄ AhÀ Abmsf kÂIcn¨ncp¶p. AXn\nS¡v AbmÄ¡v Atemkcap ­mhm³ km[yXbpÅsXm¶pw kwkmcn¡m\hÀ CjvSs¸«ncp¶nÃ. kµÀiIÀ¡v {]m YanIambn shÅw \ÂInb tijamWv kwkmcn¡m\mcw`n¨ncp¶Xv.

lrZb ss\Àaeyw

Ad_nIÄ s]mXpsh \nÀaelrZbcmbncp¶p. AXnâ ip² {] IrXs¯ Nne kzm`mhnI amen\y§Ä am{Xta If¦s¸Sp¯nbncp¶pÅp. XXzimkv{X ¯nsâ Ducm¡pSp¡pIfntem sI«pIYIfpsS ambmtemIt¯m Ahnip²amb CSs]S eneqsS  ]qÀWambpw Xf¨nSs¸«hcmbncp¶nà Ad_nIÄ. sXämbXpw Xncp¯s¸«Xp amb aXNn´Isfm¶pahsc kzm[o\n¨ncp¶nÃ. Hcp aXNn´bpw AXne[njvTnXamb `cW ta[mhnIfpw Ad_nIÄ¡p­mbncp¶nÃ; {]tXyIn¨v a¡bnÂ. A]cnNnXXzamWv s]mXpsh Ahcn Ckvemant\mSpÅ im{Xh¯n\v Ifsamcp¡nbncp¶sX¶v Ncn{Xw hyàam¡p¶p­v. tdman {InkvXpaXhpw aX ta[mhnIfpw N{IhÀ¯namcpap­mbncp ¶p. t]Àjybn kcXpjvSaXhpw aXta[mhnIfpw cmPm¡fpap­mbncp¶p. C´ybnepw aX§fpw aXta[mhnIfpw aX{KÙ§fpap­mbncp¶p. {Kokv XXzimkv{X¯nsâ \ocmfn ¸nSp¯¯neaÀ¶ncp¶p. Atd_ybn C¯csamchØ Adnbs¸«n«nÃ. Nne Iogvhg¡ §fpw \ne]mSpIfpap­mbncp¶p F¶ÃmsX Hcp aXw, AXns\mcp {KÙw, Asæn {]amW§Ä, AXn\v Ipsd ta[mhnIÄ, AXnsâ ASnØm\¯nsemcp N{IhÀ¯n F¶  ØnXnhntijw Atd_y¡\yambncp¶p.

]pXnb {]t_m[\¯n\v A\pIqeamb hn[w k¦oÀWXIfn \n¶p apàamb am\kn ImhØbmbncp¶p Ad_nIÄ¡p­mbncp¶Xv. ]qÀWambpw XaÊnemsW¶ Xncn¨dnhv shfn¨¯nte¡p \bn¡pw. F¶m  shfn¨¯nemWp Xms\¶ [mcWbpÅh³ Ccp«n s\bpw shfn¨ambn«mWv IcpXpI. ZnhyXzw I¸n¡s¸Sp¶ PohÂcq]§fpw hnIeam ¡s¸« aX{KÙ§fpw A[o\am¡nb a\ÊpIÄ ip²oIcn¡pI £n{]km²yaÃ. _p ²nbpsSbpw hnNmcioe¯nsâbpw hn\ntbmKw hgn am{Xta AXn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sm³ km[n¡q. AXn\mhs« kmlNcy§Ä A\pIqeambncp¶nà Xm\pw. CXmWv Atd_y{]tZi§fpsS s]mXphmb AhØ.

Ad_nIsf kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw C¯c¯nepff ZpchØ D­mbncp¶nÃ. D]cn¹ham b Nne Nn´Ifpw A_² [mcWIfpambncp¶p AhÀ¡p­mbncp¶Xv. Ad_nIfnep­mbncp¶ ]X\mhØsb kmam\yh¡cn¡m\à ChnsS {ian¡p¶Xv. adn¨v A¡m e¯v kwkvIcW¯n\v A\pIqeamb Hcp {]tXyImhØbnembncp¶p Ad_nIsf¶v kqNn¸n¡pIbmWv.

\m«n s]mXpshbpÅ ]XnXmhØ Xosc _m[n¨n«nÃm¯hcpw AhnsSbp­mbncp¶p. _nw_¯n\v Bcm[\bpw _enbpw AÀ¸n¡m¯hÀ, aZy]n¡m¯hÀ, s]¬lXy \S ¯m¯hÀ, AXns\Xnsc i_vZapbÀ¯nbhÀ, aZy]m\¯ns\Xnsc {]hÀ¯n¨hÀ, hy `nNcn¡m¯hÀ, A\mYbpsS k¼¯v kwc£n¨hÀ, ]eni hm§m¯hÀ; ChscÃmw Ad_nIfn D­mbncp¶p. ]qÀhaX§fpsSbpw {]hmNI ]mT§fpsSbpw kaIme PoÀ WmhØbn C¯c¡mÀ D¯asc¶p hnebncp¯s¸Smhp¶XmWv.

Hcp aX¯nsâ ]mT§Ä kzoIcn¡m\pw AXnsâ {]tbmàm¡fpw {]NmcIcpambn ¯o cm\pw tbmKycmbhÀ ]ecpw Ahcnep­mbncp¶p F¶Xp hyàamWv. AXpsIm­mWv \_n(kz) AhÀ¡nSbn kzoImcy\mbXv. kXyadnbmhp¶  PqXss{IkvXh ]ptcmln X³amcS¡w ]ecpw kXyaXw kzoIcn¡mXncp¶t¸mÄ A¯csamcp ap¶dnbn¸panÃmbn cp¶p F¶XmWv Ad_nIÄ¡v hnPb \nan¯ambn¯oÀ¶Xv.

\_n(kz)bpsS {]t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§fneqsS temI¯n\v amXrIbmbn kaÀ¸n¡s¸«  kzlm_nhcy·mÀ D­mbXv kaIme Ad_nIfn \n¶v Xs¶bmbncp¶tÃm. CsXmcp BZchpw XncsªSp¡s¸SepamWv. AXn\m Xs¶bmbncp¶p BZyL«¯n kzlm _¯ns\Xnsc bp²apJ¯p­mbncp¶ ]ecpw h[n¡s¸SmXncp¶Xv. Ckvemansâ BZy Ime§fn hnizkn¡mXncp¶ ]ecpw _Zvdnepw DlvZnepw J´¡nepwa¡mhnPbw hsc i{Xp\ncbnep­mbncp¶p. At\Iw \ntj[nIÄ sImÃs¸«t¸mgpw AhÀ kpc£nXcmbncp¶p. AhÀ¡v \ÂIs¸« Imh Xs¶bmbncp¶p CXv. _lp: JmenZp_v\p heoZv(d), A_qkp^vbm³(d), CIvcna(d), kz^vhm³(d) XpS§nb F{Xtbm t]À DZmlcWw.

_p²nkmaÀYyw

lrZbss\Àaeyt¯msSm¸w Xs¶ \à _p²niànbpapÅhcmbncp¶p Ad_nIÄ. Ad _n`mjbpsS AXnhn]peamb ]Zþ]cymb k¼¯v AXn\pZmlcWamWv. tX\n\v 80 \m a§fp­v Ad_nbnÂ. Ipdp¡\v 200Dw knwl¯n\v 500Dw H«I¯n\pw hmfn\pw Bbn cw hoXhpw t]cpIÄ AhÀ D]tbmKn¨ncp¶p. CX{Xbpw AhÀ kq£n¨ncp¶Xv {KÙ §fnembncp¶nÃ. kz´w a\ÊpIfnembncp¶p. AXnhnimeamb a\\tbmKyXbp­mbn cp¶p AhÀ¡v. hnip² JpÀBsâ AhXcn¨t¸mÄ Ahcn ]ecpw AXv lrZnØam ¡n. Bbnc¡W¡n\v lZokpIÄ temI¯n\p kaÀ¸n¨  kzlm_n h\nXIÄ t]mepap­v .

kXykÔX

Ad_nIfpsS asämcp kZvKpWamWv kXykÔX. F´p hnesImSp¯pw AXp \ne\nÀ ¯m³ AhÀ X¿mdmImdp­mbncp¶p. Ifhv ]dbp¶Xv Hcp XcwXmW {]hr¯nbmbm WhÀ IW¡m¡nbncp¶Xv. sldm¢nbkv N{IhÀ¯n \_n(kz)sb Ipdn¨dnbm\mbn hn fn¨p hcp¯nb a¡¡mcn A_qkp^vbm\pap­mbncp¶p. A¶v At±lw hnizkn¨n cp¶nÃ. At±lw sldm¢nbknsâ tNmZy¯n\v apgph³ kXykÔambn¯s¶ adp]Sn ]dbpIbp­mbn.apl½Zv\_n(kz) X§sfIpdn¨pw {]t_m[\s¯ Ipdn¨psaÃmw DÅXp  Xs¶bmWt±lw hnhcn¨Xv. apkvenamb tijw At±lw CsX¡pdn¨v C§s\ ]dªp: ""Ifhv ]dbp¶h\msW¶v AhÀ Fs¶¡pdn¨v a\Ênem¡ptam F¶ `bw CÃmbncp s¶¦n At¸mÄ Rm³ Ifhv ]dªncpt¶s\'' (_qJmcn).

kXykÔXsb CjvSs¸«Xn\memWtÃm AhÀ \_n(kz) X§sf "AÂAao³' F¶v A]c\maw \ÂIn hntijn¸n¨Xv

IcmÀ ]me\w

kXykÔXbpsS Hcp hIt`ZamWv IcmÀ]me\w. hm¡v ]men¡p¶Xn\mbn F´p Xym Khpw sN¿m³ AhÀ Hcp¡ambncp¶p. kauA F¶ Ad_n {Kma¯eh³ hmIv]me\¯nsâ D]am\ambn hntijn¸n¡s¸«n«p­v.  Hcn¡Â CwcnDÂssJkv  At±l¯nsâ ASp¡Â Xsâ A¦nItfÂ]n¨p tdmante¡p t]mbncp¶p. CwcnDÂssJknsâ acWm\ ´cw imanse Hcp cmPmhv kauAensâ {Kmas¯ B{Ian¨p. Hcp tIm«bn A`bw tXSnb kauAensâ Hcp ]p{X³ shfnbnembncp¶p. A{IanIÄ B Ip«nsb ]nSnIqSn.  CwcnDÂssJknsâ kp£n¸p kz¯pIÄ \ÂInbm Ip«nsb Xncn¨pXcmsa¶hÀ Adnbn¨p. kauA ]t£, Xs¶ hnizknt¨Â¸n¨ kz¯v sImSp¡m³ X¿mdmbnÃ. kz¯v \ÂImXncp¶t¸mÄ aIs\ h[n¡psa¶v AhÀ ]dªp. At¸mgpw kauA Xsâ hm ¡v ]men¡m\mWpd¨Xv. A{IanIÄ ]nXmhmb kauA t\m¡n \nÂs¡ Ip«nsb h[n ¡pIbp­mbn. B kq£n¸v kz¯v ]n¶oSv kauA CwcnDÂssJknsâ IpSpw_ ¯n\v \ÂIn hm¡v ]men¨p (ap³PnZv :1013). hm¡v ]me\¯n\mbn henb XymKhpw t]m cm«hpsams¡ \S¯nb  IYIÄ Ad_nIfpsS Ncn{X¯n ImWmw.

[ocXbpw iucyhpw

F´p kmlk¯n\pw X¿mdmhp¶ [oc³amcmbncp¶p Ad_nIÄ. {]XntbmKn F{X I cp¯\pw hn`hk¼¶\pamsW¦nepw AXnsâ t]cn amdn\n¡msX k[ocw ap¶n«nd §pambncp¶p AhÀ. ]©]pOaS¡n IogS§p¶Xns\¡mÄ hoc acWambncp¶p AhÀ ¡p XmÂ]cyw. i¿bn InS¶p kzm`mhnI acWw hcn¡p¶Xnt\¡mÄ i{Xphnsâ sh «pw Ip¯ptaäpÅ càkm£nXzs¯bmWhÀ hmgv¯nbXv.

Hcp ssk\ym[n]sâtbm N{IhÀ¯nbpsStbm \nÀt±ihpw XmÂ]cyhpambncp¶nà Ah cpsS cWiucy{]IS\¯n¶m[mcw. adn¨v Bßm`nam\hpw [ocXbpambncp¶p. Hcp Xym K¯n\pÅ ]pd¸mS,v AXn Xsâ ]£w Pbn¡Ww. CXmbncp¶p AhcpsS \ne]mSv. A hcpsS t]mcm«§fpsS IYIÄ ]cntim[n¨m Cu Bßhocy¯nsâbpw cW iucy ¯nsâbpw Nn{Xw \ap¡v hyàamhpw.

]cnip² Ckvemw Ahcnse Cu cWhocys¯ ]cn]qÀWambpw sacp¡pIbpw hnaeoI cn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. A\nhmcy L«§fnÂ, kpc£mamÀKsa¶\nebn ssk\nI tk h\¯n\hÀ kzta[bm X¿mdmhp¶ AhØbp­mbn. At¸mghÀ¡v al¯mb {]Xn ^e {]Xo£bÃmsX cWhocyw {]ISn¸n¡pI e£yambncp¶nÃ. Ad_nIfpsS [ocamb {]IrXw CkvemanI kaql¯nsâ c£¡p]tbmKs¸Sp¯pIbmbncp¶p CXnepsS.

XymKhpw kl\hpw

{]XnIqemhØIsf {]Xntcm[n¡m\pw £atbmsS ]nSn¨p \n¡m\pw km[n¡p¶ a\ Êpw {]IrXhpambncp¶p AhÀ¡p­mbncp¶Xv. s\©nteänbsX´pw kwc£n¡m\pw hfÀ¯m\pw AXn¶mhiyambsX´pw sN¿m\pw B hgnbn XymKa\pjvTn¡m\pahÀ Hcp¡ambncp¶p. Ckvemante¡v IS¶ph¶t¸mghÀ Ckvemansâ ktµihpambn XymK ]qÀWamb tZim´c bm{XIÄ \S¯pIbp­mbn. BÀ¯nc¼p¶ XncameIÄ¡v apI fn BSnbpeªpw A\´amb acp¸d¼neqsS H«Is¯ HmSn¨v AIe§Ä Xm­nbpa hÀ hotcXnlmk§Ä cNn¨p. Ad_nIfpsS kmlknIX¡pw ZrVa\xØnXn¡pw Ckvemw aqeyw \ÂIn ]cnjvIcn¡pIbmbncp¶p.

kzmX{´y t_m[w

\nµycmhm\pw `cn¡s¸Sm\pw CjvSs¸Sm¯ Ad_nIÄ iàamb kzmX{´y t_m[ap Åhcmbncp¶p. BcpsSbpw ASna¯¯nâ \pIw t]dmt\m cmPyw BÀs¡¦nepw ASn bd sh¡mt\m AhÀ Hcp¡ambncp¶nÃ. t]Àjybpw tdmapw A¶s¯ c­p h³ km{am Py iànIfmbncp¶phsÃm. ]cnkc§fnse cmPy§sfms¡ Chbnsem¶nsâ `mKtam tImf\ntbm Bbt¸mgpw Ad_nIfpw Atd_ybpw AXn \ns¶mgnhmbncp¶p. _pJvXp \kzvdnsâ Ime¯v \S¶ Nne A{Ia§fn GXm\pw t]À sImÃs¸s«¦nepw Atd_ybnehÀ¡v B[n]Xyapd¸n¡m³ km[n¨ncp¶nÃ.

A`bw tXSnbh\v A`bw \ÂIpIbpw F´p hne sImSp¯pw Ahsc kwc£n¡p Ibpw sN¿pIsb¶Xv Ad_nIfpsS coXnbmbncp¶p. BÀ¡v A`bw \ÂInbmepw AXv ]ckys¸Sp¯nbm ]ns¶ Abmsf A{Ian¡m\hcnemcpw apXncnÃmbncp¶p. Ckvemw  "A`bw\ÂIpI' F¶ AhcpsS Cu ]qÀÆIme coXnsb AwKoIcn¨n«p­v. a¡mhnPb thfbn NnebmfpIÄ A`bw \ÂInbhÀ¡v A¡mcW¯m Xs¶ c£s¸Sm³ km [n¨n«p­v. B A`bw \ÂIens\ \_n(kz) X§Ä AwKoIcn¡pIbpap­mbn.

kwkvIcWw

Ad_nIfn \ne\n¶ncp¶ kmaplnI{][m\§fmb C¯cw KpWhntijW§Ä  kw kvIcn¨p t]mjn¸n¡pIbmbncp¶p th­nbncp¶Xv. AXÃmsX ASnØm\ `mh§Ä X s¶ \«phfÀt¯­ Bhiyap­mbncp¶nÃ. AXn\membncn¡mw \_n(kz)bpsS {]Xy £{]t_m[nX kaqlw Ad_nIfmbn \nÝbn¡s¸«Xv. C{_mlow(A)sâ D]cnkqNnX {]mÀY\bnepw AÃmlp \_n(kz)sbsIm­\p{Kln¨Xns\ hnhcn¡p¶Xnepw hnip² JpÀB³ "Ahsc kwkvIcn¡p¶ Hcp {]hmNI³' F¶mWv {]tbmKn¨ncn¡p¶Xv F¶Xp {it²bamWv. \_n(kz)bpsS {]t_m[\w Cu A\pIqe kmlNcy¯nsâ IqSn ]Ým¯e¯nemWv CkvemanI t_m[\w h³hnPbw t\SnbXv.

Ad_n `mj

temI`mjIfn {it²bhpw [mcmfw {]tZi¯pImcpsS amXr `mjbpamWn¶v Ad_n. hnip² JpÀBsâ `mjbmWXv. Hcp `mj F¶ \nebn D¶Xamb khntijXIfp ­nXn\v. IqSpX ]Zk¼¯pw ]cymb§fpw AÀY_mlpeyhpapÅ `mjbmWnXv. Hcp hn\natbm]m[n F¶ \nebn `mj¡v \nÀÆln¡m\mhp¶ [À½w IrXyambn \nÀh ln ¡p¶Xn\pw hyànXzw \ne\ndp¯p¶Xn\pw th­ kn²nIÄ AXn\p kz´ambp­v. ØeIme hkvXpkw_Ôamb hntijW§Ä BhiyanÃm¯ hn[w  Bibhn\nabw \S¯p¶Xn\v Ad_n `mjbpsS ]Zk¼¯v kw]pjvSamWv.

DZmlcW¯n\v ^Pvdv, Ckvz^mÀ, CivdmJv, fplm, fplvÀ, aKvcn_v, CimA,v ssee, \lmÀ, buw, kz_mlv, akmAv, klÀ XpS§nb ]Z§Ä kabs¯ Af¶papdn¨v IrXyam¡n¯cp¶hbmWv. Akvz_l, Afvlm, fÃ, Awkm, _mX XpS§nb ]Z§Ä BJymXw BJyamb hntijWw kzoIcn¨ kabwIqSn Ipdn¡p¶p. dml, KZm, kdm Xp S§nbh k©mc¯nsâ kabaS¡w hyàam¡p¶p. kab¯n\\pkcn¨v {]tbmK ioew BÀÖn¡Wsat¶bpÅp.

A[nI `mjIfnepw hN\§Ä c­mWv: GIhN\w, _lphN\w. F¶m Ad_n `mjbn aq¶v hN\§fp­v: GIhN\w, ZznhN\w, _lphN\w F¶nhbmWh. CXc `mjIfn AImc CImcmZnIÄ amäp¶Xn\v Øehpw NnÓ§fmb A£c§fpw \ÂtI­Xp­v. F¶m Ad_n `mjbn ]Z¯n\v hyXymkw hcp¯msX Xs¶ Ah amäm³ km[n¡p¶p.

AXnse ]cymb§fpw AÀY_mlpeyhpw  AXnibIcamWv.  Nne hkvXp¡Ä \qdp¡ W¡n\v \ma§fn Adnbs¸Sp¶p. Nne ]Z§Ä¡v A¼tXmfw AÀY§fp­v. AXn \m Xs¶ Hcp `mj F¶ \nebn kpXmcyhpw AtXmsSms¸w k¦oÀWhpamWv Ad _n `mj.

hnip²JpÀB³ Ad_nbnemsW¶p \ap¡dnbmw. ImemXnhÀ¯nbmb hnip²{KÙ t¯msSm¸w AP¿ambn Ad_n `mjbpw \ne\n¡p¶p. GsXmcp `mjbpsSbpw Ime ¸g¡¯n\pw hnImk]cnWma§Ä¡pa\pkcn¨v AXnsâ aqecq]w A\yw \nÀ¯s¸Sp I kzm`mhnIamWv. 1616 A´cn¨ hneywtjIvkv]nbdpsS IrXnIÄ¡v, AXnsâ `mjbn  C¶v AhyàX h¶p tNÀ¶ncn¡pIbmWv. ]cn`mjIfpsSbpw \nL­p¡fpsSbpw klmb¯meÃmsX AXnsâ BkzmZyX A\p`hn¡m³ Ignbp¶nà F¶XmWv A\p `hw. ]pXnb `mjmcq]hpambn _Ôs¸Sp¶hÀ¡v ]gbcq]w A]cnNnXambn¯oÀ¶ncn ¡p¶p F¶ÀYw.

F¶m Ad_n`mj [mcmfw hnIkn¡pIbp­mbn«ps­¶wKoIcn¡p¶tXmsSm¸w X s¶ AXnsâ AÊÂcq]w A\yw \nÀ¯s¸«n«nÃ. JpÀB³ AhXcWIme¯v Pohn¨v acWs¸« HcmÄ ]p\ÀP\n¨p h¶p kwkmcn¨m C¡mes¯ Ad_nIÄ¡Xv a\Ên em¡m³ {]bmkap­mhnÃ. CXp km[mcW `mjIfpsS kzm`mhnIXs¡XncmWv. hnip ² JpÀBsâ `mjbmhpIhgn AXv t\Snb AP¿XbmWXv. ]t£, Ad_n`mjm ]mWv VnXy¯n\v AÂ]w `mjm kmlnXy, hymIcW, ]tZmÂ]¯n imkv{X, Ae¦mc im kv{X hnÚm\amhiyamWv. At¸mÄ am{Xta Ad_n `mjbpsS khntijX A\p`h thZyamhpIbpÅp.