dmKnwKv F¶ ]oU\hnt\mZw

s{]m^jW tImtfPpIfn ]pXpXmbn {]thi\w t\Snsb¯p¶hsc, Ahcn kl\ioew hfÀ¯m\pw eÖbIäm\pw th¬Sn, ko\nbÀ hnZymÀYnIÄ BtLmj]qÀÆw kzoIcn¡p¶ Hcp hnt\mZ¨S§mbmWv dmKnwKv XpS§nbXv. hyànXzhnImk¯n\pIqSn AXp klmbIamhpsa¶mWv A\pIqenIfpsS \ymbw. \hmKXsc ]m«p]mSn¨pw km¦Â]nI Itkcbnencp¯n¨pw XpS§nb Cu ]oU\Ie C¶v Hcp hn[¯nepw \ymboIcn¡m³ ]äm¯ Adphjfpw `oIchpamb B`mk¡ebmbn amdnbn«p¬Svv.

Pq\nbÀamcpambpÅ {Iqchpw AÇoeabhpamb ]cnNbs¸SÂ, ko\nbÀamÀ¡p aZyhpw `£Whpw \hmKXcpsS Nnehn GÀ¸mSp sN¿n¡pI, I¯p¶ Syq_vsseäv DuXns¡Sp¯m³ \nÀ_Ôn¡pI, ]{XanÃmsX km¦Â]nI ]{Xhmb\, km¦Â]nI ssk¡nÄNhn«v, km¦Â]nI \o´Â BZnbmbh sN¿n¡pI, ^nkn¡Â sSÌv F¶ t]cn \hmKXcpsS \áXm]cntim[\, dmKnwKv]SbpsS _m¯vdqw hr¯nbm¡pI, AhcpsS ASnhkv{Xw t]mepw Ae¡n¡pI, hbä¯Sn¨v ]m«p]mSn¨v, AÔ³amsct¸mse sX¬Sn¡pI, ASp¡f¸WnsbSp¸n¡pI, \átbm«w \S¯n¡pI C§s\ t]mIp¶p dmKnwKv B`mk§fpsSbpw AXnsâ ]oU\þhnt\mZ§fpsSbpw ]«nI. CXns\Ãmw ]pdsa {Iqcamb imcocnIþssewKnI ]oU\§Ä¡p Pq\nbÀ hnZymÀYnIsf hnt[bcm¡pIbpw AhcpsS ]Ww sImÅbSn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

Npcp¡¯nÂ, arKs¯t¸mepw \mWn¸n¡p¶ arKob \oNIrXy§fmWv C¶v dmKnwKnsâ t]cn Im¼kpIfn \S¡p¶Xv. Im¼kpIfnse hnZymÀYn Kp¬SmkwL§fmWv CXn\v t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶Xv. kzm{ibhnZym`ymk hyhkmbw sImSnIp¯nhmgp¶ Xangv\m«nepw B{Ôbnepw IÀWmSIbnepw _lp`qcn]£w Im¼kpIfpw `cn¡p¶Xv C¯cw Kp¬SmkwL§fmWv (am[yaw 20þ02þ2008). dmKnwKnsâ t]cn {Iqcamb sImÅbpw imcocnIþssewKnI ]oU\hpw \S¯p¶Xn saUn¡Â Øm]\§Ä t]mepw HgnhÃs{X! sshZyimkv{X hnZymÀYnIÄ C¯cw {Iqcamb kz`mh¯nte¡p \o§p¶Xv `mhnbn ZpxJIcamb A\p`h§Ä kaql¯n\p kw`mh\ sN¿pw. cmPy¯v Hmtcm hÀjhpw 250 dmKnwKv tIkpIÄ dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿s¸Sp¶p. 20 Ip«nIsf¦nepw {]XnhÀjw dmKnwKnsâ t]cn sImÃs¸Sp¶p. CXp Akm[mcWambn ]pd¯ph¶ Nne hmÀ¯IÄ am{XamWv. dmKnwKv kw_Ôn¨ hmÀ¯IÄ A[nIhpw ]pd¯phcmdnÃ. ImcWw, ]pd¯p]dªm dmKnwKv Kp¬SIfpsS {]XnImcw am{XaÃ; amt\PpsaâpIfpsS `ojWnIfpap¬SmIpw. ]co£bn tXmÂ]n¡pw, kÀ«n^n¡äv XSªpsh¡pw, A¨S¡ \S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pw. th¬Snh¶m ab¡pacp¶v Øm]\¯n sIm¬Sphs¶¶ Ipäw Npa¯n t]meokn GÂ]n¡pw. C§s\ t]mIp¶p `ojWnbpsS ]«nI. imcocnIhpw ssewKnIhpw km¼¯nIhpamb I\¯ ]oU\§Ä¡v Ccbmb hnZymÀYn CÆn[w am\knI kwLÀj¯neIs¸Spt¼mÄ cwKw hnSms\mcp§p¶p. ]t£, c£nXm¡Ä XpScm³ \nÀ_Ôn¡p¶p. c£bnsöpd¸mIpt¼mÄ hnZymÀYn BßlXy sN¿p¶p. dmKnwKv Kp¬SIÄ ]dbp¶ kwJyIÄ sImSp¡Ww, AhÀ ]dbp¶sXms¡ sN¿Ww, AhÀ sN¿p¶sXms¡ kln¡Ww, ssewKnIm`mk§Ä¡pw t]¡q¯pIÄ¡pw IogS§Ww. Csæn {Iqcamb aÀ±\w. BtcmSpw ]dbm³ h¿. ho«nednbn¡m³ \mWw. Øm]\m[nIrXtcmSv ]cmXns¸«m `ojWn, ]pd¯p]dªm Kp¬SIfpsSbpw amt\PpsaâpIfpsSbpw {]XnImcw. ]ns¶sb´p¬Sv {]Xnhn[n? A`nam\t_m[apÅ Ip«n Nn´n¡p¶p; C\nsb´p PohnXw? BßlXy Ahsâ Poh\pw IpSpw_¯nsâ {]Xo£IÄ¡pw XncÈoe hogv¯p¶p. CutdmUnse Hcp Im¼kn KpcpXcamb dmKnwKv ]oU\taäv 2008 s^{_phcnbn Bip]{Xni¿bn Poh³ Ahkm\n¸n¨ km\pIpcymt¡mkv F¶ hnZymÀYnbpw ]q´aÃnbnse Hcp F©n\obdnwKv tImtfPnse dmKnwKv Kp­m]SbpsS ]oU\s¯¯pSÀ¶v am\knI kwLÀjw \nan¯w tlmÌ P\ensâ I¼nbn 2004 Unkw_dn sI«n¯q§nacn¨ taml³ImÀ¯nIv F¶ ]s¯m¼XpImc\pw dmKnwKv F¶ \oNIrXy¯nsâ A\ntj[y CcIfmWv. a\pjyXz¯nsâ aqeyw IfªpIpfn¨p, ]c]oU\IebneqsS klPohnsbbpw kl]mTnsbbpw sImÃmsImetbm sImetbm \S¯p¶Xn\v Iuamcs¯bpw bphXzs¯bpw t{]cn¸n¡p¶ ImcWsa´mWv? CÆnjbIambn ]T\w \S¯ntbm AÃmsXtbm A`n{]mb{]IS\w \S¯nb ]ecpw ]e ImcW§fmWv ]dªn«pÅXv. Ahbn Gähpw {][m\s¸«h \ap¡nhnsS kw{Kln¨p ]cntim[n¡mw.

H¶v: Iemeb Im¼kpIfpsS Acmjv{SobX, A\ykwØm\§fnse Acmjv{Sob Im¼kpIfn {]XnIcn¡m\pw {]Xntcm[n¡m\pw {]Xntj[n¡m\pw hnZymÀYnkwLS\IfnÃm¯XpsIm¬SmWv dmKnwKv A{Iaw D¬SmIp¶Xv. Cu A`n{]mbw ]qÀWambpw icnbÃ. hnZymÀYncmjv{Sob kwLS\IfnÃm¯ A\ykwØm\§fn am{XaÃ, tIcf¯nepw dmKnwKv ]oU\§Ä ]et¸mgpw \S¶n«p¬Sv. 1978 XriqÀ F©n\obdnwKv tImtfPnep¬Smb Hcp dmKnwKv Gsd hnhmZw krjvSn¡pIbp¬Smbn. tImtfPpIfn am{XaÃ, kvIqfpIfnÂt]mepw kao]Ime¯v A{Iakw`h§fpw dmKnwKv ]oU\§fpap¬Smbn«p¬Sv. ]´Ãqcnse kÀ¡mÀ kvIqfn ko\nbÀ hnZymÀYnIfpsS ]oU\¯n\ncbmb ¹kvh¬ hnZymÀYn chnIpamÀ 2004 BKÌv 16\p hnjw Ign¨p Pohs\mSp¡nb hnhmZkw`hw \mw ad¶n«nÃ.

hnZymÀYnbqWnb\pIÄ Im¼kpIfn \oXnbpw kam[m\hpw Dd¸phcp¯pIbÃ, adn¨v B{IaW{]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v B¡wIq«pIbmWv sNbvXpsIm¬Sncn¡p¶Xv. “Iemeb§fn sXcsªSp¸pambn _Ôs¸«pw AÃmsXbpw hnZymÀYn kwLS\m {]hÀ¯IÀ A{Ia§Ä \S¯p¶Xv tIcf¯nepw km[mcWambncn¡p¶p. hnZymÀYnIfn P\m[n]Xyho£Whpw klnjvWpXbpw t\XrKpWhpw aäpw hfÀ¯m\mWv Iemebcmjv{Sobw klmbIamtI¬SXv. ZuÀ`mKyhim \nÊmcImcy§Ä¡pt]mepw Nne hnZymÀYnkwLS\IÄ ]ckv]cw Gäpap«p¶p. Nne Øe§fn C¯cw kwL«\§fn amcImbp[§Ä hsc {]tbmKn¡mdp¬Sv. hnZymÀYnIsf A{Ia¯n\v t{]cn¸n¡m\pw FXnÀtNcn¡msc t\cnSp¶Xn\v Ahsc klmbn¡m\pw Nnet¸mÄ _mlyiànIfpw F¯p¶p. ChsbÃmw Iemeb§fpsS kpKaamb {]hÀ¯\s¯bpw hnZymÀYnIfpsS ]T\s¯bpw _m[n¡pw. C¡mcy¯n \oXn]oT§Ä ]eh«w Bi¦ {]ISn¸n¨n«pÅXmWv. ]ebnS¯pw hnZymÀYn kwL«\§sf \nb{´n¡p¶Xv _Ôs¸« cmjv{SobI£nIfmsW¶Xv clkyaÔ (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 10þ12þ2008).

At¸mÄ IemebIm¼kpIfpsS Acmjv{SobXbmWv hgnsXänb dmKnwKnsâ {][m\ImcWsa¶p ]dªpIqSm. Im¼kpIfpsS cmjv{Sobh¡cWw {]iv\w IqSpX k¦oÀWam¡pIbmWv sN¿pI. tIcf¯n \S¡p¶ sIme]mXI§fn 75.8 iXam\hpw cmjv{SobImcW§fmepÅhbmsW¶v tZiob ss{Iwsdt¡mÀUvkv _yqtdm ]dbp¶p (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 3þ12þ2008).

c¬Sv: ZpÀ_esc D]{Zhn¡pIsb¶ s]mXpkaql¯nsâ ImgvN¸mSmWv dmKnwKv {]hWXbpsS a\ximkv{Xsa¶v NneÀ A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p. hnZym`ymkt¯msSm¸w B[n]Xyhpw ]Tn¨ncn¡Wsa¶ {_n«ojv coXnbn \n¶mWv CXnsâ hym]\sa¶mWhÀ ]dbp¶Xv. CXpicnbÃ. kzX{´ C´ybn Cu at\mKXn hfÀ¯p¶ Øm]\§fpÅXmbn Adnbs¸«n«nÃ. am{XhpaÃ, kaXzt_m[hpw kZmNmc\njvTbpapÅ IpSpw_¯n \n¶pw hcp¶ im´cmb hnZymÀYnIÄ t]mepw BZyw dmKnwKv ]oU\§Ä¡p CcIfmhpIbpw ]n¶oSv, X§Ä kln¨ thZ\IsfÃmw ad¶v AhÀ tN«³amcmIpt¼mÄ ap³tN«³amcpsS amXrI kzoIcn¨p dmKnwKv \S¯n \hmKXsc aÀ±n¡p¶Xn Bthiw ImWn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶XmbmWv \mw ImWp¶Xv. tIheamb ]c¼cmKX taemfa\ØnXnbn \n¶Ã Cu A{Iahmk\bpw ssewKnI]cm{Iahpw [\m]lcWhpap¬SmIp¶Xv F¶ Imcyw hyàamWv.

aq¶v: dmKnwKnsâ {Inan\Âh¡cW¯n\v {][m\ImcWambn aäpNneÀ ImWp¶Xv kzm{ibhnZym`ymk¯nsâ hyhkmbhXvIcWs¯bmWv. emt`Ñp¡fmb amt\PpsaâpIÄ, ko\nbÀ hnZymÀYnIÄ¡v FÃmhn[ Agnªm«¯n\pw kzmX{´yw \ÂIp¶p. Cu tN³amcmbncn¡pw ]et¸mgpw \hmKXsc dn{Iq«v sN¿p¶ GPâpamÀ. AhÀ¡p I½oj\p]pdsa \ÂIp¶ Hcp B\pIqeyw IqSnbmWv dmKnwKn\pÅ au\m\phmZw. Cu A`n{]mb¯n `mKnIkXyap¬Smbncn¡mw. FÃm amt\Ppsaâpw A§s\bmsW¶p ]dbmhXÃ; hà amt\Ppsaâpw A§s\bmsW¶p h¶mÂXs¶ AXv dmKnwKnsâ \ne\nÂ]n\pw hfÀ¨¡pw am{Xta ImcWamIp¶pÅq. AXpsIm¬Sv hnZymÀYnIÄ A{Iamkàcmbns¡mÅWsa¶nÃ; A{Iahmk\bpÅhÀ¡v AXv XW \ÂIp¶psh¦nepw.

\mev: in£m\S]SnIfpsS ImÀ¡iy¡pdhmWv thsd NneÀ ImcWambn¸dbp¶Xv. CXv Hcfthmfw icnbmWv. ]t£, in£m\S]SnIÄsIm¬Sp am{Xw Cu {]hWX Ahkm\n¸n¡m³ IgnbnÃ. GXp \S]Snsbbpw adnIS¡m\n¶v ]W¯n\pw kzm[o\¯n\pw Ignbpw. {]n³kn¸tem amt\Ppsatâm iàamb \S]Sn kzoIcn¨m Xs¶, _mly CSs]SepIfpsS ^eambn Kp¬SIÄ in£bn \n¶pw c£s¸Sp¶ kw`h§Ä [mcmfamWv.

dmKnwKv {Inan\epIsf am{XaÃ, _Ôs¸« Øm]\m[nIrXscbpw tIkn tNÀ¡Wsa¶mWv NnecpsS ]£w. F¶m tIkneqsSbpw tImSXn \S]SnbneqsSbpw am{Xw, C¶s¯ kmlNcy¯n Hcp Imcy¯n\pw AdpXnhcp¯m³ km[yhpaÃ. C´ybnse tImSXnIfn 2,59,00,000 tIkpIÄ XoÀ¸m¡msX sI«n¡nS¡p¶p. kp{]owtImSXnbn am{Xw 49,000, sslt¡mSXnbn 98 e£w, _m¡n IogvtImSXnIfnÂ. F{X {ian¨mepw B¬Sn 22,000e[nIw tIkpIfn hn[n]dbm³ kp{]owtImSXn¡mhnÃ. Cu IW¡pIÄ C´ybnse ]ctam¶X \ymbm[n]³ kp{]owtImSXn No^vPÌnkv sI. Pn. _meIrjvW³ Xs¶ ]dªn«pÅXmbn 2007 BKÌv 13\v amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw FgpXnbXmWv. F¶m cmPy¯v XoÀ¸m¡msX InS¡p¶ tIkpIÄ 3.50 tImSnbntesd hcpsa¶pw kp{]owtImSXnbn am{Xw {]XnhÀjw tIkpIfpsS F®w 23 iXam\hpw IqSp¶psh¶pw amXr`qan Xs¶ AXnsâ 22þ12þ2008se {]kwK¯n ]dbp¶p. {]iv\k¦oÀWX A\pZn\w IqSp¶psh¶ÀYw.

A©v: c£nXm¡fpsS A{i²bmWv ImcWsa¶v A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶hcpap¬Sv. CXpam{Xw ImcWasænepw CXpw {][m\ImcW§fnsem¶msW¶v k½Xn¡msX h¿. hnImcw hnthI¯n\p hgnamdp¶ {]mbamWv Iuamchpw buh\¸ndhnbpw. c£nXm¡fpsS _²{i²bpw kq£va\nco£Whpw D­mtI¬S kabamWnXv. At¸mÄ c£nXm¡fpsS t\m«ansæn Ip«nIÄ AhÀ _Ôs¸Sp¶ kmlNcy§fpsS ASnaIfmIpw.

kmaqlnI Ìmäknsâ t]cntem ]T\m\´c tPmenbpsS thX\hen¸¯nsâ t]cntem ]e c£nXm¡fpw Ip«nIfpsS A`ncpNn t\m¡msX AhÀ¡p XmXv]cyanÃm¯ ]T\taJe XncsªSp¡p¶Xn\p \nÀ_Ôn¡p¶p. AXn\v hnZym`ymkØm]\w XncsªSp¡pt¼mÄ B Øm]\¯nsâ Ncn{Xtam ]Ým¯etam t\m¡msX dn{Iq«nwKv GPâpamÀ \ÂIp¶ _mlyNn{Xw am{Xw B[mcam¡p¶p. XZv^eambn hnZymÀYnIÄ hjfmb A´co£¯n F¯ns¸Sp¶p. amXrIm[ym]Itcm kZvkz`mhnIfmb hnZymÀYnItfm CÃm¯ kmlNcyw, izmkw ap«n¡p¶ A[yb\hpw hcnªpsI«nb ]T\hpw; CXn\nSbn hà Ah[ntbm CSthftbm In«nbm sshIrXw {]m]n¨ at\mhnImc§Ä arKobkz`mh§fneqsS _lnÀ{]IS\w \S¯p¶p. Im¼kn t\cs¯ A\p`hs¸« \oNhr¯nIÄ AhÀ amXrIbm¡p¶p. AXpsIm¬Sv c£nXm¡Ä ]T\taJebpw Øm]\hpw XncsªSp¡pt¼mÄ _²{i² ]peÀ¯pIbpw ]n¶oSv ]T\Ime¯v Ip«nIfpsS Ne\§fpw Iq«psI«pIfpw At\zjn¨psIm¬Sncn¡pIbpw icnbmb \nco£W¯neqsS Ahsc \nb{´n¡pIbpw sN¿Ww.

F¶m c£nXm¡fpsStbm A[ym]IcpsStbm amt\PpsaâpIfpsStbm \nba]meIcpsStbm \nb{´W§Äs¡Ãmw ]cn[nbpw ]cnanXnbpap¬Sv. Ip«nIÄ hnNmcn¨m AsXÃmw adnIS¡m\pw tkzÑm\pkmcw {]hÀ¯n¡m\pw Ignbpw. AXpsIm¬Sv Ahcn kzbwt_m[w krjvSn¡Ww. Hmtcm Xeapdbpw hcpwXeapd¡v XethZ\bmIp¶Xn\v ]Icw AhÀ¡v amXrIbmhWw. AXn\hcn [Àat_m[w D¬S m¡Ww. icnbmb [mÀanIt_m[w icnbmb hnizmk¯n \n¶pw XÖ\yamb `ànbn \n¶pw am{Xta D¬SmhpIbpÅq. AÃmlphnepw ]ctemI hnNmcWbnepapÅ AN©eamb hnizmkw Ip«nIfn cqVaqeam¡p¶Xn apkvenw c£nXm¡Ä _²{i²cmIWw. apkvenwIp«nIÄ aäpIp«nIÄ¡v amXrIbmhWw. dmKnwKnsâ t]cn C¶p\S¡p¶ \oN{]hÀ¯\§sfÃmw Ckvemw \ntcm[n¨n«pÅ Imcy§fmWv. Hcmsfbpw imcocnIamtbm am\knIamtbm km¼¯nIamtbm ]oUn¸n¡m³ ]mSnÃ.

ZmcpW acW¯nt\m BßlXyt¡m CShcp¯p¶ ]oU\amWv dmKnwKv apdIfn Gähpw KpcpXcambXv. AÇoe ^enX§fmWv Gähpw eLphmbXv. imcocnI ]oU\w, am\knI]oU\w, ssewKnIm{IaWw, [\m]lcWw, am\`wKs¸Sp¯Â BZnbmbhbmWv CS\neapdIÄ. ChsbÃmw ldmapw IpäIchpamWv. A\ymbambn Bscbpw h[n¡m³ ]mSnÃ. AXn\p t{]cn¸n¡m\pw ImcWw krjvSn¡m\pw ]mSnÃ. BßlXybpw AXn\p tlXphmIp¶ {]hÀ¯\§fpw alm]mXI§fmWv. hn{ipXIÀaimkv{X ]WvVnX\mb C_v\plPÀ(d) Xsâ khmPnÀ F¶ {KÙ¯n sXfnhpIÄ \nc¯n alm]m]§Ä hniZoIcn¨t¸mÄ, Hcp apkvenans\tbm Aapkvenw ]ucs\tbm h[n¡pI, BßlXy sN¿pI, \njn²amb h[¯n\p klmbn¡pI, AXp sNdp¡msX I¬Sp\n¡pI, h[¯n\p ImcWw krjvSn¡pI ChsbÃmw h³Ipä§fnÂs]«Xmbn tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p¬Sv. am{XaÃ, Hcp apkvenans\tbm Aapkvenw ]ucs\tbm A\ymbambn ASn¡p¶Xpw h³IpäamWv. Hcp apkvenans\ `ojWns¸Sp¯p¶Xpw Ah\pt\sc Bbp[w Nq¬Sp¶Xpw Ahsâ [\w Hfn¸n¨p `oXns¸Sp¯p¶Xpw alm]m]§fpsS Iq«¯n Xs¶ F®nbn«p¬Sv (khmPnÀ 2/97þ98 t\m¡pI).

arKs¯t¸mepw A\mhiyambn ASn¨pthZ\n¸n¡m³ ]mSnÃ; A\nhmcyL«¯n Xs¶ Aklyambn thZ\n¸n¡m³ ]mSnà (\nlmb 7/242, khmPnÀ 2/87).

Hcp Pohnsbbpw am\knIambnt¸mepw ]oUn¸n¡m³ ]mSnÃ. A_vZpÃmln_v\p akvDuZv (d) ]dbp¶p: “R§Ä dkqepÃmln(kz)bpsS IqsS Hcp bm{Xbnembncp¶p. At¸mÄ Xncpta\n(kz) Xsâ Bhiy\nÀhlW¯n\pt]mbn. R§Ä XZhkcw Hcp AS¡m¡nfnsb I¬Sp. AXnsâ IqsS c¬Sp Ipªp§fpap¬Smbncp¶p. Ipªp§sf ]nSn¨psh¨p. AS¡m¡nfn h¶p NndIphnSÀ¯n h«an«p ]d¡m³ XpS§n. Xncpta\n(kz) Xncns¨¯n. At¸mÄ AhnSp¶v ]dªp: Cu ]£nbpsS Ipªp§sf ]nSn¨psh¨p AXns\ thZ\n¸n¨XmcmWv? Ipªp§sf AXn\p Xncn¨p\ÂIpI” (A_qZmhqZv 2675).

anXamb coXnbn ^enXw A\phZ\obamWv. hymPw IecmsX, ]cnlmkanÃmsX, Bscbpw am\`wKs¸Sp¯msX, D]{ZhtaÂ]n¡msX Xami ]dbmw. \_n(kz) Xsâ A\pNctcmSv CÆn[w Xami ]dbmdp¬Smbncp¶p. AXv hÃt¸mgpw Bhiy¯n\pth¬Sn am{Xambncp¶p.

Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶p: “]Xnhmtbm AanXamtbm \S¯p¶ ^enXamWv \ntcm[nXamb Xami. CXv AÃmlphns\¡pdn¨pÅ kvacWbn \n¶pw kp{][m\amb aXImcy§sf¡pdn¨pÅ Nn´bn \n¶pw a\pjys\ A{i²\m¡p¶p. an¡t¸mgpw aäpÅhsc thZ\n¸n¡m³ AXv CShcp¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p. A§s\ ]I krjvSn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. am{XhpaÃ, Kmw`ocyhpw hyànXzhpw \jvSs¸Sp¯p¶p. Cu tZmjhi§fn \n¶p c£s¸«n«pÅ ^enXamWv A\phZ\obamb Xami. AÃmlphnsâ dkq A]qÀhambn \S¯nbncp¶Xv Cubn\w Xamibmbncp¶p. AXmIs« kZÊnsâ at\mhnjaw km´z\s¸Sp¯phm\pw th¬Snbmbncp¶p. A{]ImcapÅ ^enXw A`nImayamb NcybmIp¶p”(anÀJmXv, AenJmcn 9/171).

Nncn¡m³ th¬Sn am{Xw IYItfm hmÀ¯Itfm sa\ªp¬Sm¡m³ ]mSnÃ; AXv IpäIcamWv. AÇoetam \pWtbm ]dªp kZkysc Nncn¸n¡p¶Xpw A¯cw kZÊn ]s¦Sp¡p¶Xpw ldmamWv (^Xvlp apCu³ 380). Npcp¡¯n dmKnwKnsâ Gähpw eLphmb apdt]mepw \njn²amsW¶p hcp¶p.