hnt\mZ¯nsâ ambmhebw

AdnbpI, AÃmlphmWv kXyw krjvSnIÄ, X§Ä F´n\pth¬Sn krjvSn¡s¸«psh¶v Adnbp¶psh¦n AhÀ A{i²cmhpItbm \n{ZsImÅpItbm sN¿pambncp¶nÃ.

Nne Imcy§Ä¡p th¬SnbmWv AhÀ krjvSn¡s¸«n«pÅXv. B Imcy§sf AhcpsS at\m\b\§Ä ImWp¶psh¦n AhÀ hoSphn«p k©cn¡pIbpw kw{`aNn¯cmbn¯ocpIbpw sN¿pw. acWw, ]n¶oSv J_vdv, A\´cw ]p\cp°m\w, sXäpIfpsS t]cnepÅ A[nt£]w, henb `oIc kw`h§Ä.
PohnX¯nsâ e£yhpw `mhnbpw ad¶p euInI elcnbn ebn¨p Pohn¡p¶ A{i²sc X«nbpWÀ¯p¶Xn\v th¬Sn Hcp Bßob Kpcphcy³ Be]n¨ hcnIfmWnXv.

acWs¯bpw A\´c PohnXs¯bpw AXn\pth¬SnbpÅ X¿msdSp¸pIsfbpw hnkvacn¸n¨p Ifbp¶ Imcy§fmWv Ifnbpw hnt\mZhpw. Hcp Ime¯v Ip«nIfpsSbpw Ae£y PohnXw \bn¡p¶ bphm¡fpsSbpw Hcp ]äw kpJtemep]cpsSbpw am{Xw k{¼Zmbambncp¶ IfnIfpw hnt\mZ IeIfpw C¶v B_mehr²w kv{Xo]pcpj³amcpsSbpw PohnXNcybmbn amdnbn«p¬Sv. cmPy `cWIqS§fpw kmwkvImcnI kwLS\Ifpw AXn\p henb {]mapJyhpw {]kànbpw \ÂIn tImSnIÄ Xs¶ Nnehgn¨p t]mÕmln¸n¨psIm¬Sncn¡p¶p. Zriy{imhy am[ya§fpsSbpw B\pImenI {]kn²oIcW§fpsSbpw Hcp henb `mKw Xs¶ IfnIÄ¡pw hnt\mZIeIÄ¡pambn \o¡nsh¨ncn¡pIbmWv. am{Xaà FÂ. sI. Pn. apX bqWnthgvknän hscbpÅ ]mTy]²Xnbn CXpw Hcp {][m\ `mKambn amdnbncn¡pIbmWv. ]ctemI¯nepw AhnSps¯ c£m in£bnepw hnizkn¡m¯ `uXnI³amÀ¡v CsXm¶pw Hcp {]iv\aÃ. A¯c¡mcpsS {]kvXmh\ hnip² JpÀB³ D²cn¨n«p¬Sv.

PohnXw F¶Xv \½psS Cu sFlnI PohnXw am{XamIp¶p. \mw acn¡pIbpw P\n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. \mw DbnÀs¯gpt¶Â¸n¡s¸Sp¶hcà Xs¶ (hnip² JpÀB³ 23:37).

F¶m ]ctemI¯nepw ]ctemI hnNmcWbnepw hnizkn¡p¶ kXyhnizmknIfpw C¶v Cu {]hml¯n HgpIm³ XpS§nbn«p¬Sv. Xmt´m¶n¯c§Ä C¶v hocIrXy§fmbn hnebncp¯s¸Sp¶p. h¦¯§Ä tbmKyXIfmbpw Nn{XoIcn¡s¸Sp¶p. F´p _p²niq\yamb {]hÀ¯\ambmepw icn AXn¶p alÂIrXy§fmbn hmgv¯s¸Sp¶p. CXmWv icnbmb t_m[w e`n¨n«nÃm¯ _meþIuamcþbph kaql§Ä Cu Hgp¡n s]«p t]mhm\pÅ ImcWw. A{X¡v iànbmÀÖn¨n«p¬Sv Cu sshIrXm`mk§fpsS {]hmlw. GsX¦nepw hn[¯n A]qÀÆX krjvSn¨v hyànXzw DbÀ¯n¡mWn¨v t]cpw {]ikvXnbpw AwKoImchpw t\Sm\pÅ Hcp¡¯nemsWÃmhcpw. CXp I¬Spw tI«pw hfcp¶ ]pXnb Xeapd CXp PohnX¯nsâ {][m\ `mKamsW¶v, Aà CXpXs¶bmWv PohnXsa¶p [cn¨phimIp¶p. Nne DZmlcW§Ä ChnsS Nq­n¡mWn¡mw. (1) {^©p ]uc\mb tementXm 15 Znhkw sIm¬Sv Hcp ssk¡nÄ Nh¨c¨p Xn¶p temI sdt¡mÀUv krjvSn¨p (N{µnI Zn\]{Xw 29þ4þ1977). (2) ss\Pocnbbnse {InÌn\m A_p \o«nXp¸p¶Xn Nm¼y\mWv. 24 ASn Zqc¯n Xp¸p¶p (N{µnI Zn\]{Xw 2þ6þ1977).

(3) t]m¯\qcnse ]mÀYkmcYn 72 knKcäv 6 \nanjw sIm¬Sp hen¨p sdt¡mÀUv t\Sn (N{µnI Zn\]{Xw 21þ9þ1980). (3) 18 an\p«v 15 sk¡âv sIm¬Sv 64 tImgnap« (thhn¡m¯Xv) 200 t{]£IcpsS ap¼nÂsh¨v Xn¶psIm¬Sv Atbmhbnse Ncäv dt¡mhv Nm¼y³jn¸v t\Sn. (4) 1985 amÀ¨n Cw¥¬Sn 8 aWn¡qÀ sIm¬Sv 4444 kv{XoIsf Npw_n¨p tPm¬aIv^nÀk³ sdt¡mÀUv krjvSn¨p (kndmPv Zn\]{Xw 17þ2þ1987). (5) almcmjv{Sbnse ]q\m \nhmknbmb {io[Àioem F¶ hyàn 38 hÀjambn«v Xsâ CSXp I¿nse \J§Ä \o«ns¡m¬Sncn¡p¶p. Ct¸mÄ \mepaoäÀ \ofap¬Sv. _²{i²tbmSpIqSnbmWv \S¡p¶Xpw Ccn¡p¶Xpw InS¡p¶Xpw. icn¡v Dd§nbn«v 32 hÀjambn. ]¯mw XhWbpw At±l¯nsâ t]cv Kn¶kv _p¡n h¶p. Hcp e£w tUmfÀ CXn\p hne ]dªn«p¬Sv (A _bm³ Ad_n Zn\]{Xw 27þ2þ1990).
(6) tIcfm tÌäv am¸nf tkmwKv ethgvkv Atkmkntbj³ Pq_nen AhmÀUn\v hnfbn ^koe AÀlbmbn. 1970 BImihmWnbn am¸nf¸m«v ]mSn cwK¯ph¶ ^koe 500 tIkäpIfnembn 10,000 tesd Km\§Ä Be]n¨Xp ]cnKWn¨mWv AhmÀUv \ÂIp¶sX¶v Atkmkntbj³ `mchmlnIÄ ]{Xkt½f\¯n ]dªp. AhmÀUvZm\ NS§p \S¡p¶ shÅnbmgvN ^koebpsS t\XrXz¯n Km\taf \S¡pw (]{XhmÀ¯).

(7) an\naw 150 akmetZmi Xn¶msa¦n km£m Xoäd¸mbnbpambn Hcp ssI t\m¡mw. shdpsXbà Hcp tZmisb¦nepw d¸mbnsb¡mÄ A[nIw Ign¨m 50,000 cq] C\mw \ÂIpw. kIeam\ {]tZihmknIsfbpw shÃphnfn¨psIm¬Sv P\phcn 27se `£ytafbn ]s¦Sp¡m\mWv Xriqcn \n¶v d¸mbn F¯p¶Xv. tZmi A{X CjvSasöv ]dªv c£s¸Sm\mWv `mhsa¦n X\n tImgnt¡mS³ lÂh XncsªSp¡mw. lÂh an\naw 25 Intem Ign¡Ww. CsXm¶paà {]IrXn `£W{]nbcmsW¦n aÕcw t\{´¸g¯n HXp¡pIbpw Bhmw. \à XpS¡¯n\v 150 F®w sXmenbpcn¨v ap¶n Xcpw, ]n¶nembnt¸mbm 50,000 cq] Xncn¨pw Bhiys¸Spsa¶v am{Xw (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 25þ1þ2003). (8) a®ncIsf hngp§n Kn¶kv temIsdt¡mÀUv Øm]n¡m³ {ian¡p¶ ]m¼v at\m F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ at\mlÀ i\nbmgvN sNss¶bn \S¶ {]IS\¯n 3 C©v \ofapÅ 200 a®ncIsf 20 sk¡âv sIm¬Sv hngp§pIbp¬Smbn (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 16þ11þ2003).

(9) ssN\bnse kzX{´ {]hniybmb \m¶n§Â tX\o¨ IÀjI\mb bmMv NzmwKzmk icocamkIew tX\o¨Ifpambn Itkcbn Ccp¶p. Kn¶kv _p¡n Ibdn¸äm\mbn H¶c e£w tX\o¨Isf Iq«n \n¶v Xpd¶phn« tijw Xsâ icoc¯nte¡v BIÀjn¸n¡pIbmbncp¶p bmMv (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 7þ11þ2004). (10) UÂlnbnse 40 sNdp¸¡mÀ 55 aWn¡qÀ XpSÀ¨bmbn Iq«\r¯w \S¯n temIsdt¡mÀUv krjvSn¨p. Atacn¡bnse ¢ohve³Un \S¯nb 52 aWn¡qÀ aq¶v an\nänsâ ap³sdt¡mÀUmWv AhÀ ]n´ÅnbXv. PhlÀem s\lvdp tÌUnb¯n Pqsse 9\v sshIpt¶cw XpS§nb \r¯¯n Kn¶kv _p¡v Hm^v thÄUv sdt¡mÀUvkv \n_Ô\If\pkcn¨v Hmtcm aWn¡qdnepw 10 an\näv CSthf Hgn¨v apgph³ kabhpw bphkwLw BSn¯naÀ¯p. Pqsse 12\mWv \r¯w kam]n¨Xv (at\mca CbÀ_p¡v 2005, t]Pv 397).

(11) Kn¶kv _p¡n Øm\w t\SpI F¶ Dt±iyt¯msS kp[oÀ ISep¬Sn \S¯p¶ 50 aWn¡qÀ X_e hmb\ sNmÆmgvN Bcw`n¡pw. ISep¬Sn sdbnÂth tKän\p kao]w {]tXyIw kÖam¡nb HmUntämdnb¯n Ime¯v 9 aWn¡v kmwkvImcnI hIp¸v a{´n F. ]n. A\nÂIpamÀ DZvLmS\ IÀaw \nÀhln¡pw. Hmtcm 8 aWn¡qÀ Ignbpt¼mgpw 15 an\näv CSthf F¶ \nebn 50 aWn¡qÀ ]n¶nSm\mWv Dt±in¡p¶sX¶v kp[oÀ ISep¬Sn ]{Xkt½f\¯n ]dªp. 2003 G{]n 17\v almcmjv{Sbnse sPÀlbn {]kmZv Nu[cn \S¯nb 46 aWn¡qÀ X_e hmb\bmWv \nehnse sdt¡mÀUv (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 25þ1þ2005).

(12) Kn¶kv _p¡n CSw t\Sm³ hb\m«nse e¡nSn Hmdnbâ kvIqÄ Hm^v tlm«Â amt\Pvsaânse ss^\ CbÀ hnZymÀYnIÄ ]{´¬SSn \ofhpw Bdv C©v hymkhpapÅ `oa³ ]p«v \nÀan¨p. 26 Intem Acns¸mSnbpw 20 tX§bpw D]tbmKn¨pÅ ]p«v \nÀan¡m³ BsI H¶c aWn¡qdmWv FSp¯Xv (N{µnI Zn\]{Xw 29þ1þ2006). (13) 2500 HmSpIÄ icoc¯nenSn¨p tImgnt¡m«pImc³ temIsdt¡mÀUn«p. 15.7 an\näpsIm¬SmWv temIs¯ Gähpw iànbpÅ Icms« hnZKv[s\¶v hntijn¸n¡s¸Sp¶ tImgnt¡mSv shÌv ln a¸me ho«n sd³jn Zneo]vIpamÀ sdt¡mÀUn«Xv. ssakqÀ PKtaml³ ]mekv lmfn sh¨mbncp¶p Cu {]IS\w. hnimeamb thZnbn ZrV\nÝbt¯msS \n¶ Zneo]n\p Npäpw \n¶ Ccp]tXmfw Icms« »m¡v s_Âäv Xmc§Ä c¬SphoXw HmsS¶ IW¡n Zneo]nsâ icoc¯n XpSÀ¨bmbn ASn¨p s]mSn¡pIbmbncp¶p. 1250 XhW HmSpIÄ sIm­pÅ ASntbän«pw Ipep§msX \n¡pIbmbncp¶p Zneo]v (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 9þ1þ2006).

(13) 64 aWn¡qÀ ]mSn 6 hbkpImcn km\nb kboZv (a[y{]tZiv) sdt¡mÀUv t\Sn. cm{Xnbnse ISp¯ XWp¸v IqkmsX aq¶v Znhkw sIm¬Sv 745 ]m«pIfmWv km\nb ]mSnbXv (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 20þ11þ2006). (14) 101 aWn¡qÀ \nÀ¯msX ]mSn tImb¼¯qcn C³tUmÀ kztZinbmb Zo]Iv Kp]vX F¶ Ccp]s¯«pImc³ temIsdt¡mÀUv t\Sn. Kn¶kv _p¡n Øm\w ]nSn¡pI F¶ e£yt¯msS bÚ\mfpIfn Zo]Iv 900 t¯mfw ]m«pIÄ ]mSn (amXr`qan Zn\]{Xw 20þ11þ2006).
(15) ]¯p an\nän\pÅn A¼Xp XhW ]m¼ns\ D½sh¨v temI sdt¡mÀUv t`Zn¡m³ atejybnse ilman A_vZpÂlaoZv {ian¡p¶p. kab]cn[n sh¡msX ap¸Xp XhW ]m¼ns\ D½sh¨ Atacn¡³ ]ucsâ t]cnemWv \nehnepÅ temI sdt¡mÀUv (kndmPv Zn\]{Xw 13þ1þ2006).

e£yt_m[anÃm¯ bphkaql¯nsâ {]hml¯n\\pkrXambn C¶v apkvenw bphXeapdbn Hcp hn`mKhpw \o§ns¡m¬Sncn¡pIbmWv. BZÀi t_m[¯nsâbpw ]ctemI Nn´bpsSbpw A`mhamWv {][m\ ImcWw. ]Ww, {]ikvXn, BkzmZ\w ChbmWv C¯c¡mcpsS PohnX e£yw. C¯cw hnt\mZ§fneqsS t\Sp¶ [\w AhnlnXamWv. {]ikvXn A]JymXnbmWv. alm\mb C_v\p IÖv F¶ ]WvVnXs\ D²cn¨psIm­v apl½Zp dwen (d) Xsâ \nlmbXp aplvXmPn ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI. ]ÀÆXmtcmlWw, ]md¡Ãp s]m¡Â, \nÝnX hkvXp Xn¶pI CXymZn Imcy§Ä¡pÅ kzbw Ignhp ]cntim[n¡m\mbn c¬Sp t]À ]´bw sh¨p aÕcw \S¯p¶Xp P\§fpsS [\w A\ymbambn Xn¶p¶ Iq«¯n s]«XmWv. AhsbÃmw \njn²hpamWv. Hcp km[\w \nÝnX Øe¯p\n¶v asämcp \nÝnX Øet¯¡v Npa¶psIm¬Sv t]mIp¶Xn\pw DZbw apX AkvXabw hsc Hm«w \S¯p¶Xn\pw s]mXpP\§Ä \S¯mdpÅ ]´b aÕc§Ä Cu C\¯n s]«Xp Xs¶bmWv. AsXÃmw hgntISpw hnhct¡SpamWv. \nkvImc§Ä Dt]£n¡pI, aäp \njn² Imcy§Ä {]hÀ¯n¡pI F¶nhIqSn Ahbnep­v (\nlmb 8/173).

F¶m C¶p kaql¯n\p sXäpw icnbpw KpWhpw tZmjhpw Bhiyhpw A\mhiyhpw hnthNn¨dnbphm\pÅ EPphmb a\xkm£n Xs¶ \jvSs¸«psIm¬Sncn¡pIbmWv. Xn³a \ntcm[n¡p¶nsöp am{Xaà Xn³a \³abmbn ]ecpw [cn¡p¶p. aäp NneÀ Cu tÌPpw AXn{Ian¨n«p¬Sv. AhÀ \³a \ntcm[n¡pIbpw Xn³a I¸n¡pIbpw sN¿pt¶Ss¯¯nbn«p¬Sv. \_n (kz) bpw kzlm_namcpw X½n \S¶ Hc`napJw ChnsS kmµÀ`nIhpw {it²bhpamWv. Camw KÊmen (d) Xsâ Clvbbn {]kvXpX A`napJw A_p Dama _mlnen (d) bn \n¶p C{]Imcw D²cn¡p¶p. \_n (kz): \n§fpsS h\nXIÄ AXn{IanIfpw bphm¡Ä sX½mSnIfpamhpIbpw \n§Ä \n§fpsS [À½kacw Dt]£n¡pIbpw sNbvXm \n§fpsS \ne F´mbncn¡pw? kzlm_namÀ: AÃmlphnsâ {]hmNItc, AXp kw`hn¡ptam?
\_n (kz): AsX, Fsâ Bßmhnsâ DSaس Xs¶ kXyw, AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv kw`hn¡pw. kzlm_namÀ: AÃmlphnsâ XncpZqXsc, AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv F´mWv? \_n (kz): \n§Ä \³a IÂ]n¡mXncn¡pIbpw Xn³a \ntcm[n¡mXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXm \n§fpsS ØnXn F´mbncn¡pw? kzlm_namÀ: AÃmlphnsâ {]hmNItc, AXp kw`hn¡ptam? \_n (kz): AsX, Fsâ Bßmhnsâ DSaس Xs¶ kXyw, AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv kw`hn¡pw. kzlm_namÀ: F´mWv AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv? \_n (kz): \n§Ä \³a Xn³abmbpw Xn³a \³abmbpw ImWm\nSh¶m \n§fpsS \ne F´mbncn¡pw? kzlm_namÀ: AÃmlphnsâ {]hmNItc, AXp kw`hn¡ptam? \_n (kz): AsX, Fsâ Bßmhnsâ DSaس Xs¶ kXyw, AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv kw`hn¡pw. kzlm_namÀ: F´mWv AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv? \_n (kz): \n§Ä Xn³a IÂ]n¡pIbpw \³a \ntcm[n¡pIbpw sNbvXm \n§fpsS AhØ F´mbncn¡pw? AXp kw`hn¡ptam {]hmNItc? AhÀ ho¬Spw tNmZn¨p. At¸mÄ AhnSp¶v AcpÄ sNbvXp: AsX, Fsâ Bßmhnsâ \mY³ Xs¶ kXyw, AXnt\¡mÄ KpcpXcambXv kw`hn¡pw. AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: F¶m BWbn«p Rm³ {]Jym]n¡p¶p. im´\mb _p²nam³ kw{`aNn¯\mbnt¸mIp¶ hn[¯nepÅ ]co£W¯n\p Rm³ Ahsc hnt[bcm¡pw (Clvbm: Camw KÊmen 2/336).