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{]tXyI ^o

\_nZn\w

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kImXv Fv

tNmZyw: Ckvemanse kImXv Fv? Fn\v?

D: [\kw_amtbm icockw_amtbm {]tXyI cq]n sImSpsSp [\n\mWv kImXv Fv ]dbpXv (Xplv^ 3/208). a\pjys PohnX hf mhiyamb Fmhn[ hn`hfpw Amlp Cu `qanbn Hcpnshnpv. ]t, AXns e`yX Fmhpw Htc t]mseb. NneXv A\mbmkw e`nptm ap Nnev _pn]chpw ImbnI]chpamb ITn\{iaptijamWXv e`npXv. C\nbpw Hcp hn`mKw `mKyhpw tijnbpw Cmhcmbpv. Ahpw `uXnI hn`h Bhiyambnpv. AXpt\Sm Ahv tijnbn. Ccsamcp kmlNcyn hn`h A[nIambn e`nh XfpsS kn \nv \nnX hnlnXw Ahv \IWw. X t\Snb apgph hn`hfpw hnpsImSp tXn. PohnXkmcWn\v Bhiyambhbnse Hcp \nnX hnlnXamWv hnpsImSptXv. CXv a\pjy\n {]IrXn]cambns \ne\np klPohn kvt\lns `mKamWv. {]IrXn kwhn[m\n {kjvSmhmb Amlp, kImXv \Im ktcmSv InXv Cu Bhkyw \ndthsSm thnbmWv.

Ignhph Ignhnmhsc klmbnpXn\v Amlp Nne hyhI \n bnnpv. Zm\w \nhllnptm Xs Nppap ]mhsfbmWv ]cnKWntXv. \_n(kz) ]dbpp: ""Ahcnep [\nImtcmSv hmn AhcnXsbp ]cm{inXcntev XncnphnSWw'' (_pJmcn).

Ckvemw In t]msebp kImXv sImv Ahihn`mKsf Dcnm km[npsaXn Xan. AXphgn ]nWnbpw Zmcn{Zyhpw amm Ignbpw. Cu kmnI hyh {]Imcw apIme apkvenwI `cWw \Snbtmgp Ah CXn\p kmnbmWv.

l. apBZv _n P_en(d)s\ ba KhWdmbn Da(d) \nbanp. Atlw ba\n \np ]ncnpInnb kImXns aqn Hcp `mKw tI{ntebpsImSpp. CXv Jeo^ Dadn(d)\v CjvSsn. kwm\s P\fpsS Bhiy ]cnlcnpXn\mhiyamb kwJy \onshv _mn tI{ntev AbpIbmbncpp ]Xnhv. aqn Hcwiw AbXv Itm Jeo^ Xs KhWtdmSv hniZoIcWw Xncn.

ChnSps kImXn\lcmbhcpsS Bhiy \ndthnb tijamWv Atmv ]WabsXv KhW adp]Sn \In. ASp hjw BsI ]ncnpInnbXns ]IpXn tI{ntev Abp. kImXns AhIminIfn ]ecpw Atmtgpw kcmbncpp. ]IpXn e`ntm \oXn \SnempXn Im iyw ]pep Da(d) Akz\mbn. KhWv hopw IsgpXn. ]gb]Sn KhW hopw adp]Sn \In. aqmw sImw kwm\n \np ]ncnpInnb kImXv apgph\pw tI{ntebtm Jeo^ KhWtdmSv hniZoIcWamhiysp. kmnImhiX A\p`hnp Hscm a\pjy\pw ChnsSbn. AXpsImmWv kImXv apgph\pw AtmbXv. KhW adp]Sn \In. Jeo^ l. Dadn(d)s \oXn\ymb \njvTsbpdndnbpht CXns {]m[m \yw icnv a\nemhpIbpq. kmnI klmbw Alnp GsXnepw Hcp hyn kwm\ns h aqebnepw Pohnppsn Cu adp]SnsbgpXm B KhW ss[cysSnmbncpp.

CuPn]vXnse KhW tacw hkv{X [cnppsv dntmv Innbtm Ipmt\zjW hIpns ta[mhnsb Atmbnv KhWsd CuPn]vXn \nv aZo\bntev sImphcm Jeo^ Inp. DtZymK CuPv ]vXn sNv KhWsd I\ Adnbntm "hkv{Xsamv amds' Fv Kh W ]dp: "]mSn. [cn hkv{XtmsS sNWsamWv Jeo^bpsS I \' Fv DtZymK Adnbnp. hkv{Xw ammsX CuPn]vXn \nv aZo\ hsc bm{X sNbvXp. Jeo^bpsS apn KhWsdbpw sImv DtZymK sN tm, HcpIqw BSpIsf hcpn KhWdpsS ssIbn Hcp hSnbpw sImSpv Jeo^ Inp: "Cu BSpIsf tabvpsImpI. a\pjysc `cnm \ns ]pIbn.' CXmbncpp Da(d). Atln\bp dntmpI F{XIv kqvahpw kXykhpambncntnhcpsav Dulnmatm. ba\n Alcpmbnpw KhW kImXv apX tI{ntebpIbmbncppshv Nnnm t]mepw ]gpXnsv CXn \nv {Klnmw.

[\nIcpsS hcpam\n\v Ckvemw Npanb kImXv Cs\ hnhcnmw. sImn apqdv kzmAv AYhm 960 en [m\yw hnfbp IjI AXns ]piXam\w kImXv \IWw. Cugw, apncn apXembhpw CtX cq]nemWv kImXv \tIXv. sXmenbn kqnp s\v t]mephbn kImXv \n_amIm Adp\qdv kzmAv hnfbWw. Cugw, apncn apXembhpw CtX hnlnXamWv kImXv \tIXv. PetkN\n\pw apw sNehv hnpsn ]IpXn AYhm Av iXam\w \Inbm aXn. kImXns IWmb 960 en Asn 1920 en Hcp hnfbn Xs XnIbWsan. Hcp hjs sams hnfshSpn C{Xbpw hnlnXw e`nmepw kImXv \tIXmWv.

]Ww kqnnpsn sImmhkm\w AXn\v cciXam\w kImXv \IWw. 200 Znlw (595 {Kmw) shnv XnIbp kwJy Hcp hjw \nt]ambpsn am{XamWv kImXv \n_amIpXv. C{Xbpw XpI Inencnpsn am{Xa, asmcmv ISambn \Inbnpnepw AXn\v kImXv \IWw.

IhSn\pw kImXpv. IhSw XpSnb tijw hjw ]qnbmIptmgmWv CXv \n_amIpXv. hjmhkm\w ISbnse NcpI 595 {Kmw shnp XpIpsn cc iXam\amWv kImXv \tIXv. IpImenIpw kImXpv. BSv, amSv, HIw Fnhv am{XamWv kImXv sImSptXv. IpXnc, IgpX XpSnbhsmpw kImXn. BSn \mXv, amSn apXv, HIn Av Fns\bpmIptmgmWv AXn\v kImXv \tIXv.

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