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{]tXyI ^o

\_nZn\w

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Iq{]mY\

tNmZyw: \_n(k) PamAv \nkvImcn\ptijw Iq{]mY\ \SnbXn\v h {]_eamb lZokpw sXfnhptm?

Dcw: Alvep lZokpImc\mb ap_mdIv ^qcn FgpXpp: ""^fv \nkvImcm\cw CcpIcfpapbn Camav {]mYnpIbpw ]nnep aAvaqapI Icfpbnsmv Bao ]dbpIbpw sNpXv kw_nv Cu ImeLnse lZokv ]WvVnXm A`n{]mb hyXymknembnpv. AXv A\phZnpIqsSmWv Nne ]dbpXv. kzlolmb ]ccbneqsS \_n(kz)bn \nv AXv ncsnnspw AXpsImpXs AXv _nZvAmsWpamWv AhcpsS [mcW. Fm AXv A\phZ\obamsWv ]dbph Av lZokpI tcJbmbn AhXcnnncnpp. {]kvXpX Av lZokpIfn \mematXv AkvhZp Bapcn(d) Xs ]nXmhn \nv Dcnp lZokmWv. Ah ]dp. Rm \_n(kz)tbmsSmnv Hcp Znhkw kzp_vln \nkvIcnp. kemw honb tijw \_n(kz) Xncnncpv CcpIcfpapbn {]mY\ \Sn. Cu lZokv lm^nfv C_v\pA_ossi_(d) Xs apkz^n \nthZ\w sNbvXXmbn \nthZI ]cc ]dbmsX Nne tcJsSpnbnpv. (apkz^v e`nmXpsImv) {]kvXpX \nthZI ]cc F\nv Ism Ignnn. AXpsImpXs AXv {]_etam A{]_etam Fp ]dbm\mIn'' (Xplv^Xp AlvhZn  2/198, 199).

Fm Cu lZokv C_v\p A_ossi_(d)bpsS apkz^v 1/302 hyambn ImWmhpXmWv.

AXns \nthZI ]cc C{]ImcamWv. lpssiav, bAve_v\p AXzmAv, Pm_ndv, Atlns ]nXmhmb bkoZp_v\p AkvhZn Bapcn (d.lpw.) Cu lZokns BZy`mKw C_v\pkBZv(d) Xz_JmXv 5/517epw \nthZ\w sNbvXnpv. AXns \nthZI ]cc C{]ImcamWv. A_qZmhqZv Xzbmenkn, ipAv_, bAve_v AXzmAv, Pm_ndv, Atlns ]nXmhv bkoZp_v\p AkvhZn Bapcn (d.lpw.) cv \nthZI ]ccbnepw \_n(kz)tbmsSmnv R kzp_vln \nkvIcnncppshv ]dbpXv bkoZp_v\p AkvhZn Bapcn(d) XsbmWv. bkoZns ]nXmhmb AkvhZp Bapcnb. Atm ]ns AkvhZp Bapcn Atlns ]nXmhn \nv Cu lZokpcnpsh Xplv^Xp AlvhZnbpsS ]cmaiw hyamb ]nghmWv. CXns \nZm\w Xplv^Xp AlvhZnbpsS cNbnXmhv ap_mdIv ^qcn C_v\p A_ossi_(d)bpsS apkz^v IsnmXmWv. am{Xa AkvhZns ]p{X\mb bmkoZmWv kzlm_nhcy. C_v\pkAZv(d) Xz_JmXv 5/517 FgpXpp: ""bkoZp_v\p AkvhZv lpss\ bpn i{Xp]tmsSmw ]sSp hynbmbncpp. ]noSv apkvenamhpIbpw kzlm_nhcy\mhpIbpw sNbvXp.''

_lp. C_v\pAmkn(d) \nv Camw Xz_vdm\n(d) \nthZ\w. Ah ]dp: ""\_n(kz) HcpZnhkw kzp_vln \nkvImcw Ignv P\fntev Xncnncpv ""Amlpth, RfpsS cmPyv \o Rv _dIXv sNtWta. RfpsS apnepw kzmCepw _dIXv \tIWta.'' Fns\ XpSp {]mY\ \Sn'' (Xz_vdm\nbpsS I_o).

Camw Xz_vdm\n(d) Xs Cu lZokv C_v\pDa(d) hgnbmbn Xs HukXznepw \nthZ\w sNbvXnpspw Ch cnsbpw \nthZI ]cc tbmKycmsWpw Camw knZppwlqZn(d) h^mD h^m 1/54 {]kvXmhnnpv.

A_qkCuZn JpZvcn(d)bn \nv C_v\p apZqblv(d) \nthZ\w: ""\_n(kz) \nkvImcw Ignm Cs\ ]dbmdpmbncpp. "Amlpth, \ntmSv tNmZnphcpsS lJv sImv Rm \ntmSv tNmZnpp. kap{Zntem Icbntem D h Hcpsbpw {]mY\ \o kzoIcnpIbpw At]pcw sNpIbpw sNp ]w Ah \ntmSv tNmZnp \ Imcyfn Rsfbpw \o ]ptNtWta. Ahpw Rpw kuJyw {][m\w sNtWta. Ahcn \npw Rfn\npw AaepI \o kzoIcntWta. AhcpsSbpw RfpsSbpw (]mInghpI) ampsNtWta. \nbw \o AhXcnn JpB sImv R hnizknpIbpw \ns {]hmNIs\ R A\pIcnpIbpw sNbvXhcmWv'' (Apdp akq 2/224).

A_qkCuZn JpZvcn(d)bn \npXs Cu lZokv Camw ssZean(d)bpw \nthZ\w sNbvXXmbn Aenp apJn lnZn(d) Ikp Dm 1/296epw tcJsSpnbnpv.

{]kvXpX lZokpIfnsemw \_n(kz) _lphN\amn {]mYnXv ]nnep aAvaqapIsfbpw ]cnKWnmbncppshv hyw. ImcWw, IqsSbp aAvaqapIsf ]cnKWnmsX GIhN\w sImv {]mY\ \SpXv Ahsc hnemsWv lZokn hnpv. Cu lZokv hymJym\npsImv lnkn ]dbpXv ImWpI. ""CdXv \nkvImcm\chpw _m[IamWv. AXpsImv XsbmWv \_n(kz)bn \npcns \nkvImcm\c {]mY\Ifn Iptd _lphN\ambn hXv'' (Camw Pkvcn(d)bpsS lnkv lmanip lnkzv t]Pv 24)

C{Xbpw hniZoIcnXn \nv Xmsg ]dbp Imcy {Kmlyambn.

1) \nkvImcm\cw \_n(kz) Xncnncnpambncpp.

2) CcpIcfpapbn {]mY\ \Snbncpp.

3) ]nnep aAvaqapIsf ]cnKWnv {]mY\ _lphN\amnbncpp.

Cu ASnm\nemWv bqkp^p _nqcn(d) C{]Imcw ]dXv. ""CnjbIambn hnp D]cyp lZokpIfpw AXv t]msebp ap lZokpIfpw P\ \nkvImcm\cw ]Xnhmntm Iq{]mY\v aXnbmb sXfnhmIpp'' (_nqcn(d)bpsS aBcn^pp\ 3/124).

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