bp² \nba§fn \n¶v

\nba§fmhnjvIcn¡p¶Xv km[yXbpsS t]cnembncn¡mw. \mKcnIXbpsS tX«amWXv. Hcp cmjv{S k¦Â]¯nsâ A\nhmcyXbmWXv. kpØnXn¡mhiyamb \nba \nÀtZi§sf¶ t]m se kpc£¡pw {]Xntcm[¯n\pw \nÀtZi§fp­mhWw. Hcp \nÀtZis¯ AXnsâ \nÝnX ]Ým¯e¯nemWv a\Ênemt¡­Xv. At¸mgmWXnsâ {]kànbpw km[yXbpw a\Ênem¡m³ km[n¡pI.

kµÀ`¯n \n¶SÀ¯nsbSp¯v s]cp¸n¨v s]cp¼dbSn¡p¶Xv \à coXnbÃ. CXc bp² hyhØIfn \n¶pw `n¶ambn {]Xn]£s¯bpw ]cnKWn¡p¶ hyhØbmWv CkvemanepÅXv. bp²apJs¯ AXnXo£vWamb \nanj§fneÃmsX AXv {]XntbmKnsb \ninXambn kao]n¡p¶nÃ. AXn\m Xs¶ A\nhmcyhpw kpXmcyhpamb bp² \nba§fmWXv apt¶m«p sh¨n«pÅXv.

CkvemanI kaqlw cq]s¸«p h¶ BZy \mfpIfn Xs¶ AXncq£amb bp²apJt¯¡hÀ FSps¯dnbs¸SpIbp­mbn. AXpsIm­v CkvemanI bp² \nba§fpsS {]mtbmKnI cq]w {]hmNIÀ(kz) X§fpsS {i²tbmsS Xs¶ temI¯n\v kaÀ¸n¡s¸«n«p­v. {]hmNI {]Xn\n[nIfmb Jeo^amcpsS Ime¯pw AXnsâ XpSÀ¨ ImWm\mbn. kz´w \m«nse PohnX¯n\v {]XnkÔnbp­m¡nbhtcmSv AhcpsS kao]\sa´mbncp¶p F¶Xv Ncn{Xw hyàam¡nbXmWv. F¼tXmfw hcp¶ bp²§fn sIme sN¿s¸«hcpsS F®hpw XShpImcpsS F®hpw "in£m\nba§Ä' F¶ teJ\¯n hniZam¡nbn«p­v. AXn \n¶pXs¶ CkvemanI bp²§fpsS e£yw hyàamhpw.

CkvemanI tÌäpw Jeo^bpw D­mhpI F¶Xv atäsXmcp `cW kwhn[m\s¯bpw t]m se km[yXbpÅXmWv. t\cs¯ AXp­mbn«pap­v. Hcp tÌtäm Hcp km{amPytam AXnsâ kpc£¡v Bhiyamb kwhn[m\§tfÀs¸Sp¯mdp­v. ssk\yhpw aäp k¶ml§fpw GÀ¸mSm¡pw F¶t]mse Xs¶ CkvemanI tÌän\pw Jeo^¡pw AXnsâ kpc£nXmhØ¡\nhmcyamb \nbahpw ssk\yhpw D­mhpw.

FÃm tÌäns\bpw t]mse Xs¶ B{IaWImcnIsfbpw IS¶pIbä¡mscbpw {]Xntcm[nt¡­n ht¶¡pw. ssk\nI tkh\w Nnet¸mÄ \nÀ_ÔnXambn¯ocpw. CkvemanI bp² \nba¯n sshbànIambpw s]mXpshbpw _m[yØcmhp¶ cwK§fp­v. i{Xp]£¯p \n¶v ]S\o¡ap­mbm {]Xntcm[w hyàn_m[yXbmWv. bp²apJ¯v \n¶v ]n ´ncnbmhXÃ. ImcWw AXv Xsâ IqSn \mitlXphmbncn¡pw. AXpt]mse kp`{Zambn \ne\n¡p¶ Hcp cmjv{Sw ]cnkc cmPy§fn \n¶pw hcm³ km[yXbpÅ B{IaW§Äs¡Xnsc Pm{KXbpÅhcmbncn¡Ww. AXn\v {]mtbmKnIamb hgnbneqsS {]t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä \S¯n A\p\bn¸n¡pItbm kÔnbnteÀs¸Sp¶ kmlNcyap­m¡pItbm, CkvemanImZÀi hgnbnte¡v BIÀjn¡pItbm sN¿Ww. AÃm¯]£w, AXnÀ¯n IS¡mXncn¡p¶Xn\v kwhn[m\§tfÀs¸Sp¯Ww.

bp²w cq]s¸«m bp²ta km[n¡q F¶Xn\m aäp hgnIfnÃ. F¶m `ojWamb kmlNcyw CÃmXm¡m³ \nÀ±njvS {]hÀ¯\§fpw \S¯Ww. AXv {]t_m[\ ZuXyw t]mse kmaqly _m[yXbmbmWv hcp¶Xv.

CkvemanI kaqlw Hcp bp²w GsäSpt¡­n h¶m A\y{X kqNn¸n¨ ]Ým¯ e§fpw kmlNcy§fpw ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbpw Ah¡v hnt[bs¸«pamWXv \nÀh lnt¡­Xv. Camtam At±lw \nÀtZin¡p¶ {]Xn\n[ntbm Bbncn¡pw AXn\v t\XrXzw \ÂIpI. bp²w sIm­v cq]s¸Sp¶ kmaqly _Ô§fpw AXnsâ A\p_Ô§fpw kwkvImc \mKcnI ssIamä¯n\v \nan¯amtb¡pw. hnImc hnt£m`ap­m¡n apkvenwIÄs¡Xnsc \bn¡s¸« ssk\y¯nse AwK§Ä¡v apkvenwIfpsS kwkvImchpw PohnXhpw ASp¯dnbm\hkcap­mhpw.

c­p \qäm­v \o­p\n¶ Ipcnipbp²§Ä Ipcnip ]«mf¡mcpsS ]cmPb¯nemWv Iemin¨Xv. AhÀ \S¯nb AXn{Iqchpw \oNhpamb \cta[‏þ\ioIcW {]hÀ¯\§Äs¡mSphnepw CSbnepw X§Ä¡v am¸v \ÂIs¸Sp¶XmWhÀ¡\p`hw. CkvemanI kwkvImc¯nsâ C¯cw Poh {]IS\§Ä Ahsc BtemN\¡v t{]cn¸n¨p. Cu \o­ Imebfhn apkvenwIfpambpÅ CS]gIeneqsS AhcmÀPn¨ imkv{X \mKcnI t_m[amWv bqtdm¸nsâ hfÀ¨¡v AØnhmcambXv F¶mWv Ncn{Xw.

Ckvemansâbpw apkvenwIfpsSbpw kwkvImchpw ZmÀi\nI kuµcyhpw klPohnIÄs¡¯p¶Xn\v {]Xn_Ôsam¶panÃmXncnt¡­XmWv. A¯cw kmlNcy¯nsâ hn]mS\amWv PnlmZv s]mXp_m[yXbmbXnsâ XmÂ]cyw. i{Xp kwlmcaÃ, kp{]kn² JpÀB³ hymJymXmhv apPmlnZv(d)sb k¿nZp _Ivdn(d) D²cn¡p¶p:

"bp²w \nÀ_Ôw F¶m AXn\ÀYw D]m[nIÄ \nÀ_ÔamsW¶mWv. adn¨v e£yaà \nÀ_ÔamhpI. (ImcWw) e£yw lnZmb¯pw (k·mÀKmhew_w) t]mcmfnbpsS hocacWhpamWv. AhnizmknIsf h[n¡p¶Xà bp² e£yw. F{Xt¯mfsat¶m, sXfnhpIÄ \nc¯n k·mÀK {]NmcWw km[n¡psa¦n bp²s¯¡mfp¯aw AXmWv' (CB\Xp¯zmen_o³ 4/216).

hÀj¯nsemcn¡Â {iaw \S¯Â s]mXp _m[yXbmsW¶Xv tÌänsâ kpc£bp sSbpw kXyaX {]t_m[\ {]Xn_²XbpsSbpw `mKamWv. AsXmcp càcq£nX cWm¦Ww XoÀ¡m\pÅ \nÀtZiaà F¶Xv hyàamWv.

Hcp ssk\nI \o¡w \S¡p¶psh¦n FÃmhÀ¡paXv \nÀ_Ôamhp¶XpaÃ. Ip«nIÄ, kv{XoIÄ, tcmKnIÄ, hnIemwKÀ, ssI‏þImÂ‏þhncepItfm atäm apdn¡s¸«hÀ, bp² kÖoIcWanÃm¯hÀ, ASnaIÄ, lÖv bm{X¡v {]Xn_Ôamhp¶ hÃXpw DÅh³ XpS§nbhÀ¡v bp²w \nÀ_ÔanÃ.

Ah[nsb¯nb ISapÅh³ IS¡mcsâ A\paXnbnÃmsXbpw, amXm]nXm¡Ä Pohn¨ncn¸pÅh³ AhcpsS k½XanÃmsXbpw bp²¯n\p t]mh ldmamWv. amXm]n Xm¡fpw IS¡mc\pw \ÂInb k½Xw bp²¯n\p ]pds¸Spw ap¼v d±m¡nbm bm{X ho­pw ldmambn¯ocpw. bp²amcw`n¨m bp²apJ¯v \n¶v ]n´ncnbepw \njn²w Xs¶. CkvemanI tÌän {]thin¨p i{Xp¡Äs¡Xnsc bp²w sN¿Â Xt±iobÀ¡v hyàn]cambn¯s¶ \nÀ_ÔamWv.

Camansâtbm {]Xn\n[nbpsStbm A\paXnbnÃmsX bp²w Bcw`n¡p¶Xv Idml¯mWv. bp²ap¶Wnbn Ipg¸ap­mhm³ ImcWamhp¶ `ocpXzw {]ISn¸n¡p¶hscbpw hen¸¯cw ]dbp¶hscbpw amän \nÀ¯Â Caman\v kp¶¯mWv. ssk\nI Iamâdmbn \nban¡s¸Sp¶ BÄ¡v Nne KpWhntijW§f\nhmcyamWv. aXt_m[hpw bp² ]cnNbhpw, tk\mwK§sf AÃmlphn\v hgns¸Sp¶Xn t{]cn¸n¡p¶ kz`mhhpw DÅh\mbncn¡Ww. ZpÀ\S¸pImcs\ ta[mhnbm¡p¶Xv \njn²amWv.

Camw im^nCu(d) ]dbp¶p:"aXImcy¯n hnizkvX\pw, imcocnIamb [oc\pw, ]IzaXnbpw, bp² X{´Ú\pw, AXn \à ImgvN¸mSpÅh\pw, [rXn ImWn¡m¯h\pw, ipWvTn ]nSn¡m¯h\pw AÃm¯hsc Camw bp²Imcyw G¸n¡mhXÃ' (A D½v 4/237).

XpSÀ¶v A]IS km[yXbpÅ \nÀtZi§sfm¶pw t]mcmfnItfmSv \nÀtZin¡pItbm AXn\p t{]cn¸n¡pItbm sN¿cpsX¶pw NpaXe \ÂIp¶hsc Camw Adnbn¡Wsa¶v ]dbp¶p­v. C\n Camw A§s\ sNbvXnsæn "CkvXnKv^mÀ' ]m]tamN\w tXSWsa¶v hyàam¡p¶pap­v.

bp²apJ¯mWv Xms\¶pw Hcp t]mcmfnbmsW¶papÅ t_m[t¯msSbà bp²¯n ]s¦Spt¡­Xv. adn¨v FÃmhcpw kpØnXnbnepw kXyhnizmk¯nepw Bbn¯ocWsa ¶pw AXn\v Rm³ ImcWambm F\n¡Xn\v al¯mb {]Xn^ew e`n¡psa¶pÅ Nn´bmWhs\ \bnt¡­Xv. tk\sb \ntbmKn¡p¶ kab¯v \_n(kz) X§Ä hfsc IÀ¡iamb \nÀtZi§Ä \ÂInbncp¶p.

"AÃmlphnsâ t]cn AÃmlphns\ ap³\nÀ¯n AÃmlphnsâ ZqXÀ ]Tn¸n¨ hgnbn \n§Ä bm{XbmhpI. htbmhr²scbpw sNdnb Ip«nIsfbpw kv{XoIsfbpw \n§Ä h[n¡cpXv. \n§Ä \ÃXv sN¿pI. KpWIcamb hn[w {]hÀ¯n¡pI. AÃmlp KpWhm ·msc CjvSs¸Sp¶h\mWv' (I³kp D½mÂ: 11013).

\_n(kz) X§Ä ssk\ys¯ bm{Xbm¡pt¼mÄ C§s\ ]dbmdp­mbncp¶p. "\n§Ä P\§tfmSv CW¡apÅhcmWv. AhÀs¡Xnsc \n§Ä t£m`n¨v Ahsc ]m«n\v hnScpXv. `qanbnepÅhscms¡ apkvenwIfmhp¶XmWv \n§Ä BWp§sfsbÃmw h[n¨v kv{XoI sfbpw Ip«nIsfbpw bp²¯ShpImcmbn sIm­phcp¶Xns\¡mÄ Rm\njvSs¸Sp¶Xv' (I³kp D½mÂ: 11396).

\_n(kz) X§fpsS \nÀtZim\pkcWw kzlm_nhcy·mÀ {]hÀ¯n¨Xn\memWv Ckvem anI kaqlw \bnt¡­n h¶ bp²§fpsS _m¡n]{Xw hfsc timIaqIamhmXncp¶Xv. hÃt¸mgpw A_²him \nÀtZi¯n\v hncp²ambXv I­m \_n(kz) X§Ä AXn \ockw {]ISn¸n¨ncp¶p.

\_n(kz) X§fpsS amXrI Xs¶bmWtÃm Jpe^m¡fpw ]n´pSÀ¶Xv. AhÀ ssk\ys¯ \ntbmKn¡pt¼mgpw tI¼nte¡v hnhcadnbn¡pt¼mgpw IÀi\ambn ]m ent¡­ \nÀtZi§Ä \ÂInbncp¶p.

A_q_¡À kzn±oJv(d) imante¡v ssk\ys¯ \ntbmKn¨t¸mÄ \ÂInb \nÀtZiw C§s\ ImWmw:

"\n§Ä h©\ \S¯cpXv, ]qgv¯nsh¡cpXv, NXn¡cpXv, Nn{Xh[w \S¯cpXv, sNdnb Ip«n, hr²³, kv{Xo F¶nhsc sIme sN¿cpXv. Cu¯¸\ \in¸n¡cpXv, Xo sh¡cpXv, ^eapÅ hr£w apdn¡cpXv, `£Wmhiy¯n\mbn Adp¡p¶XÃmsX H«I§sfbpw BSpIsfbpw sImÃcpXv. aT§fn kzØambncn¡p¶ ]ptcmlnX·mscbpw AhcpsS [ymt\m]m[nIsfbpw \n§Ä shdpsX hnSWw' (AÂIman 2/335).

DaÀ(d)hpw CXv {]Imc¯nepÅ \nÀtZi§Ä \ÂInbXv ImWmw. Cu \nÀtZi§fpsS ASnØm\¯nemWv CkvemanI bp² acymZIÄ \nÀWbn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. bp²¯nsâ kmlNcyw D­mbn¯oÀ¶m t\sc bp²¯ntes¡Sp¯v NmSWsa¶Ã \nÀtZin¡ s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. adn¨v AXnsâ {]mtbmKnIamb coXn apt¶m«v sh¨n«p­v. BZyw kam[m\]qÀhw Ckvemante¡v £Wn¡pI. A§s\ bp²anÃmXncn¡m³ {ian¡Ww. ]n¶oSv \nÀhmlanÃm¯ kmlNcy¯n am{Xsa XpSÀ \S]SnIfmImhq. \_n(kz) X§Ä ssk\ys¯ \ntbmKn¡pt¼mÄ C§s\ \nÀtZin¡pambncp¶p. Hcp bp²¯n\v‏ þ kmlNcyaX\nhmcyam¡nbmepw‏þkzm`mhnIamb Nne ]cnWnXnIfp­mhpw. F¶m ]camh[n ImcpWyw AÀlcnte¡v F¯n¡Wsa¶mWv CkvemanI \nÀtZiw.

bp²amcw`n¨m AXn\v kzm`mhnIamsbmc´yap­mhpw. Hcp hn`mKw ]cmPbs¸«v ]¯naS¡pItbm ]n´ncntªmSpItbm sN¿emWXv. i{Xp kwlmchpw kzbw \mihpsams¡ AXphgn D­mhpw. F¶m CXv am{Xaà bp²ahkm\n¡p¶Xn\pw Ahkm\n¸n¡p¶Xn\pw CÃmXm¡p¶Xn\papÅ hgn, A\pcRvP\¯n\v X¿mdmhpItbm kÔnbnteÀs¸«v kpc£nX CSthf XoÀ¡pItbm, A`bw \ÂIpItbm Bhmw. C¯cw Bhiy§fpw kmlNcyhpw D­mbm AwKoIcnt¡­XmWv. CkvemanI Jnem^¯n\v Iogn kam[m\ PohnXam{Kln¡p¶h\v hyhØm]nXambn kam[m\ PohnXw t\Sm\hkcap­v. Hmtcm kµÀ`§fnepw ]men¨ncnt¡­ hyhØIÄ shtÆsd Xs¶ IÀaimkv{X {KÙ§Ä hnhcn¨n«p­v.

AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: "AhÀ kam[m\¯n\mbn B{Klw {]ISn¸n¨m A§v AXv kzoIcn¡pI' (Bibw: A A³^mÂ: 61).

kÔnbpw hyhØbpw X¿mdm¡n bp²w Xm¡menIambn Ahkm\n¸n¡p¶Xn\v ap³ssI FSp¡Ww. lpssZ_nb kÔn F¶ t]cnednbs¸Sp¶ Ncn{X{]kn²amb kÔn \ap¡dnhpÅXmWtÃm. Hcp bp²¯nsâ FÃm cwKhpw Hcp§nbt¸mgmbncp¶p henb hn«phogvNtbmsS \_n(kz) X§Ä AXn\v X¿mdmbXv.

END