tNmZyw:

Nne BfpIÄ AÃmlphnsâ Huenbm¡fpsS J_dpIÄ Npw_n¡pI bpw sXm«pap¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p. CXv A\phZ\obamtWm? CXnsâ CkvemanI hn[nsb´v? hniZoIcn¨mepw.

D¯cw:

CXpt]mepÅ Imcy§Ä Idml¯msW¶v Xplv^ 3/175 hyàam¡nbn«p­v. Camw dwen(d) ]dbp¶p. ]t£, CXpsIm­pt±iyw a¿n¯ns\ XAvfow (_lpam\n¡Â) BIpt¼mgmWv CXv. {]XypX X_ÀdpIm (a¿n¯n \n¶v ]pWysaSp¡Â) Wpt±iysa¦n bmsXmcp ]´ntISpanÃ. C{]Imcw Fsâ ]nXmhv (inlm_pÀdwen(d) ^Xvh \ÂInbn«pap­v. am{Xaà Pmd§fn Xn¡pw Xnc¡pw hÀ[n¡p¶ kabw ssI sImt­m hSn sImt­m Nq­n Npw_n¡p¶Xpw hntcm[anà (\nlmb 3/34 lminb klnXw t\m¡pI).

]WvVnX·mÀ ]mac·mcpsS AcnIn sh¨v C¯cw Imcy§Ä sN¿mXncn¡emWv D¯aw. ImcWw X_ÀdpIpw XAvfoapw X½nepÅ hyXymkw AhÀ¡dnbnà (iÀhm\n 3/176). X_ÀdpIv sIm­pt±iyw Huenbm¡fn \n¶v e`yamIp¶ ssFlnIhpw ]cmc{XnIhpamb t\«§Ä Imw£n¡emWv.

C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""alm·mcpsS J_dpIÄ knbmdXv sN¿p¶hÀ¡v Ahcn \n¶pÅ ]cmc{XnIamb t\«§Ä e`yamIp¶p­v. AÃmlphnsâ A\p{KlwXSbs¸«hcÃmsX CXv \ntj[n¡nÃ' (Xplv^ 3/201).

XAvfow A§s\bÃ. AXv IS¸mSv ho«pI F¶ Dt±iy¯n _lpam\w {]ISn¸n¡emWv. AXpsIm­mWv B Dt±iy¯nemsW¦n Idml¯mIp¶Xv. alm·mcpsS J_dpIÄ sXm«pap¯n _lpam\n¡m³ AhtcmSv \ap¡v bmsXmcp IS¸mSpanÃ. DkvXmZpamscbpw amXm]nXm¡sfbpw ImWpt¼mÄ Fgpt¶äp\n¶v _lpam\w {]ISn¸n¡Â \ap¡v IS¸mSpÅXpt]mse.

C_v\plPÀ(d) Xs¶ ]dbs«. "aJv_dbnepÅ hen¿nt\mSv kvt\l¯nsâ B[nIy¯memWv Npw_\w t]mtem¯Xv sN¿p¶sX¦n Idml¯nÃ' (C_v\plPdn(d)sâ A Puldp ap\Åw, t]Pv 65, lminbXp Cufmlv t]Pv 502 F¶nh ImWpI).

_lp. aÀhm\p_v\p lIw(d) \_n(kz)bpsS dufmico^n h¶t¸mÄ HcmÄ Xsâ apJw dufmico^n sh¨Xmbn I­p. At±lw tNmZn¨p. \n§sf´mWo sN¿p¶Xv. AbmÄ Xncnªpt\m¡n. A_qA¿q_p A³kzmcn(d)bmbncp¶p AhÀ. AhÀ ]dªp. Rm³ \_n(kz)bpsS k¶n[nbnemWv h¶n«pÅXv. AÃm sX hà IÃnsâbpw AcnIneÃ. AXpsIm­v Fsâ Cu {]hr¯nbn \n§Ä hnjan¡­. Zo\nsâ ImcyIÀXrXzw A\Àlcn AÀ¸nXamIpt¼mgmWv hnjant¡­Xv (AlvaZv), (aPvaDÊhmCZv 2/4). C{]Imcw A Puldp ap\Åw t]Pv 65epw ImWmw. Cu kw`hw lm^nfv A_pÂlpssk³(d) Xsâ AJv_mdp aZo\ F¶ {KÙ¯nepw D²cn¨n«p­v (in^mDÊJmw t]Pv 103).

C_v\pAkmInÀ(d) A_p±ÀZmAv(d) hgn dnt¸mÀ«p sN¿p¶p. "_lp. _nemÂ(d) \_n(kz)bpsS h^m¯n\v tijw aZo\bn \n¶v imante¡v amdn. Ipd¨v \mfpIÄ Ignªt¸mÄ \_n(kz)sb kz]v\¯n I­p. AhÀ C§s\ ]dªp. _n emÂ, \n\s¡´m Hcp ]nW¡w. Fs¶ kµÀin¡phm³ \n\¡v kabambntÃ. _nemÂ(d) sR«nbpWÀ¶p. ]peÀs¨ hfsc ZpxJt¯mSpw `bt¯mSpw aZo\bnte¡v bm{X Xncn¡pIbpw dufbn F¯nbt¸mÄ IcªpsIm­v apJw dkqepÃmln(d)bpsS dufmico^n sh¨pcp«pIbpw sNbvXp' (XmcoJp C_v\n AkmInÀ, 2/256).

Cu kw`hw ASnØm\clnXamsW¶v Camw kpbqlXzn(d) ]dªXmbn anÀJmXv 5/624 {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. F¶m CXnsâ ]c¼c IpäaäXmsW¶v C_v\plPÀ (d) A Puldp ap\Åw t]Pv 27 ]dªn«p­v. C{]Imcw Camw kp_vIn     (d)bpw {]kvXmhn¨Xmbn BkmdpÊp\³ 2/127epw hyàam¡nbn«p­v.

At¸mÄ Camw kpbqXzn(d) ASnØm\clnXamsW¶v ]dªXv X\n¡v In«nb \n thZI ]¼c Bkv]Zam¡nbmImt\ \nÀhmlapÅq. Hcp kw`hs¯ Ipdn¨v ASnØm\]csat¶m ASnØm\ clnXsat¶m kzloslt¶m fCus^t¶m ]dbp¶psh¦n X\n¡v In«nb \nthZI ]c¼c Bkv]Zam¡n am{XamWv B ]cmaÀisa¶v Camw \hhn(d) Xsâ XJvco_n hyàam¡nbn«p­v.

lm^nfv _Zdp±o\p sF\n(d) ]dbp¶p: ""]pWyØe§sfbpw alm·mcpsS ssIIsfbpw _dIXpt±in¨v Npw_n¡Â kvXpXyÀlamb {]hr¯nbmIp¶p.  lm^nfv C_v\p\mkznÀ(d) FgpXnsh¨ Hcp ]gb ]Xn¸n C§s\ I­Xmbn A_qkCuZv(d) {]kvXmhn¡p¶p. _lp. AlvaZp_v\p l¼en(d)t\mSv dkqenÃmln(kz)bpsS dufbpw an¼dpw Npw_n¡p¶Xv kw_Ôn¨v tNmZn¡s¸«t¸mÄ AXn Hcp ]´ntISpansöv AhnSp¶v {]kvXmhn¨p'' (DwZXp Jmcn 9/241).

Camw aplnºp¯z_vcn(d) ]dbp¶p: ""Fsâ ]nXmal³ apl½Zp_v\p A_o_IvÀ(d) Camw apl½Zp_v\p A_nssÊ^n(d)Â \n¶v \nthZ\w. ke^pÊzmenlpIfnÂs]« NneÀ apkzvl^v, lZokv XpS§nbhbpsS GSpIsftbm alm·mcpsS J_dpIsftbm ImWpt¼mÄ Npw_n¡mdp­mbncp¶p'' (AÂJndm en JmkznZn D½nÂJpdm, t]Pv 255).

tNmZyw: alm·mcpsS J_dpIsf _lpam\n¨mÂ, AÃmlphnsâbSp¡Â AhÀ X§fpsS in]mÀiIcmbn¯ocpsa¶ hnizmkt¯msS, [mcmfw BfpIÄ C¡me¯v alm·mcpsS J_dpIÄ _lpam\n¡p¶Xn hym]rXcmbn«p­v. CXv a¡m apivcn¡pIfpsS Bcm[\tbmSv Xpeyamb ImcyamWv (X^vkodpÂI_oÀ).

kp¶nIfmb \mw sN¿p¶Xns\Ipdn¨sà Camw dmkn(d) C¸dªXv. {]XnIcWsa´v?

D¯cw: Camwdmkn(d) ]dbp¶Xn{]ImcamWv. ""_nw_mcm[IÀ AhcpsS Bcm[yhkvXp¡sf kw_Ôn¨v AÃmlphnsâ AcnIn in]mÀiIcmIpsa¶v hnizkn¨ncp¶psh¶v JpÀB³ ]dªt¸mÄ B hnizmkw F§s\ Bbncp¶psh¶Xn ap^ÊndpIÄ [mcmfw A`n{]mb§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v. AXn \memat¯Xv CXmWv. AhÀ A¼nbm¡fpsSbpw AhcpsS AIm_ndn(taemf·mÀ)sâbpw cq]¯n {]XnaIfp­m¡pIbpw AhIÄ¡v Bcm[n¨m AhÀ X§ Ä¡v AÃmlphnsâ AcnIn in]mÀiIcmIpsa¶v hnizkn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. CXn\v XpeyamWv Cu ImeL«¯nse Iptd BfpIÄ AhcpsS AIm_ndnsâ J_dpIÄ _lpam\n¡Â sIm­v tPmenbmIp¶Xv. J_dpIsf _lpam\n¨v sIm­ncp¶m X§Ä¡v AhÀ AÃmlphnsâ AcnIn in]mÀi sN¿psa¶mWv AhÀ hnizkn¡p¶Xv'' (X^vkodp I_oÀ 17/49 t\m¡pI).

Camw dmkn(d) Cu ]dªXv kp¶nIfmb \mw sN¿p¶Xpambn _Ôs¸«tXbÃ. ImcWw apivcn¡pIÄ AhcpsS _nw_§Ä¡v AÀ¸n¨ncp¶ _lpam\hpw Xmgv abpw ]caambncp¶p. AXpsIm­v Xs¶bmWv AXv Bcm[\bmsW¶v Camw dmkn(d) Xs¶, CXnsâ sXm«pap¼v hyàam¡nbXv. At¸mÄ AXn\v Xpeyamb _lpam\amIWsa¦n J_dn\v ]caamb _lpam\aÀ¸n¡Wsa¶Xv hyàamWv. Hcp hkvXphn\v ]caambn sN¿p¶ _lpam\w Xs¶bmWv AXns\ Bcm[n¡se¶v Camw dmkn(d) X^vkodp I_odn [mcmfw Øe§fn ]dªn«p­v. J_dn\v ]caamb _lpam\aÀ¸n¡p¶hcà kp¶nIÄ. At¸mÄ Camw dmkn(d)bpsS hnh£ Xsâ ImeL«¯nepap­mbncp¶ J_dmcm[Icmb Ip^v^mdpIfmIWw. CXn\v sXfnhmWv "CivXnKmep Ikocn³ an\ JÂJn' (IptdbmfpIÄ tPmenbmIp¶Xv) F¶p]dª Øm\¯v "CivXnKmep Ikocn³ an\ apkvenao\' (Iptd apkvenwIÄ tPmenbmIp¶Xv) F¶v ]dbmXncp¶Xv. ]caaÃm¯ _lpam\t¯msS, J_dn\cnIn Bcm[\m cq]¯nepÅ dpIqAv t]mepÅh sN¿Â ldmamWv. ImcWw AXv _mly¯n inÀ¡ns\ tXm¶n¸n¡p¶ cq]amsW¶XpXs¶. AÃmlphns\ _lpam\n¡pw t]msebpÅ _lpam\amWv Dt±in¨sX¦n AXv ]caamb _lpam\ambXpsIm­v inÀ¡pXs¶bmWv. _mly¯n Bcm[\mcq]anÃm¯ sXm«pap¯Â, Npw_\w t]msebpÅh ]caamb _lpam\anÃmsXbmWv sNbvXsX¦n ldmanÃ. adn¨v Idml¯v am{XamWv. _lp. C_v\plPÀ(d) A Puldp ap\Åw, t]Pv 66 ]dªXmWnsXÃmw. Xsâ lminbXp Cufmlv t]Pv 502epw C{]Imcw ImWmw.

Camw \hhn(d)bpsS Cufmlnsâ hymJym\¯n Camw dwen(d)]dbp¶p: ""Idml¯n\pÅ ImcWw {]kvXpX Imcy§Ä A]acymZbmsW¶pÅXmWv. At¸mÄ X_ÀdpIv (]pWyw IcØam¡Â) am{XamWpt±iysa¦n Hcp hntcm[hpansöv a\Ênem¡mw'' (^Xmh IpÀZn, t]Pv 259).

Camw dwen(d) \nlmbbn C{]Imcw ]dbp¶p: ""X_ÀdpIv am{Xapt±in¨v sIm­v Ah sN¿p¶Xn Idml¯nsöv Fsâ ]nXmhv ^Xvh \ÂInbn«p­v.'' CXnsâ hymJym\¯n Aen¿pÈn_vdmapÃkn(d) ]dbp¶p: ""Huenbm¡fpsS Pmd¯nsâbSp¡Â Xnc¡v A\p`hs¸SpIbpw J_dnsâbSp¡se¯m³ IgnbmsX hcnIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ Hgnsªmcp Øe¯p \n¶v kuIcyapÅ{X HmXpIbpw aäpw sNbvXpsIm­v ssIsImt­m atäm B Pmd¯nte¡v BwKyw ImWn¨v AXv Npw_n¡mhp¶XmWv'' (\nlmb 3/34 lminb klnXw t\m¡pI).

]t£, XAvfoapw (_lpam\w) X_ÀdpIpw (]pWyw IcØam¡Â) hyXykvXambn a\Ênem¡m³ Ignbm¯ ]mac·mcpsS km¶n[y¯n ]WvVnX·mÀ AXv sN¿mXncn¡emWv th­sX¶v _kzcn(d) ]dªXmbn iÀhm\n 3/176 tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v.

Npcp¡¯nÂ, kp¶nIÄ C¶v C{]Imcw sN¿p¶Xv _lpam\w AÀ¸n¨psIm t­m A§s\ sNbvXm AhcpsS in]mÀibp­mIpsa¶v hnizkn¨psImt­m AÃ. adn¨v X_ÀdpIv Dt±in¨psIm­v am{XamWv. CXv kzlm_m¡fpw aäpw sNbvXncp¶psh¶Xn\v [mcmfw sXfnhpIfp­v. _lp. _nemÂ(d) dkqepÃmln   (kz)bpsS dufbpsS taÂapJw sh¨pcp«nbXmbn A_p±ÀZmCÂ(d)\n¶v C_v\pAkmInÀ(d) XmcoJ±naivJv 2/256, 257 \nthZ\w sNbvXn«p­v.

CXnsâ \nthZI]c¼c icnbmsW¶v C_v\plPÀ(d) AÂPuldp ap\Åw t]Pv 66epw Camw kp_vIn(d) ]dªXmbn Bkm\pÊp\³ 2/127epw {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v.

CXpt]mse A_qA¿q_p A³kzmcn(d) \_n(kz)bpsS duf Npw_n¨Xmbn AlvaZp_v\p l¼Â(d), Xz_vdm\n(d), \kmC(d) XpS§nbhÀ \nthZ\w sNbvXn«ps­¶v ^Xmh IpÀZn 258 hyàam¡nbXn\ptijw C§s\ ]dbp¶p. CXnsâ \nthZIcn I_odp_v\psskZv(d) Fs¶mcmfp­v. At±lw AtbmKy\msW¶v \kmC(d) ]dªn«ps­¦nepw asämcp kwLw tbmKy\msW¶pw ]dªn«p­v.

Cu kw`hw AlvaZp_v\p l¼Â(d) \nthZ\w sNbvXXmbn aPvaDÊhmCZv 2/4 ]dª tijw, AlvaZp_v\p l¼Â(d), Cu lZnkns\ Bcpw fCu^m¡nbn«nsöv ]dªXmbn hyàam¡nbn«p­v.

GXmbncp¶mepw Camw dmkn(d)bpsS hnaÀi\w X_ÀdpIns\bÃ. AXmWv kp ¶nIÄ sN¿p¶Xv. Camw dmkn(d) kp¶nbmWtÃm. adn¨v XAvfoans\bmWv. A XmWv apivcn¡pIÄ sN¿p¶Xv. AhÀ AÃmlphns\ kvt\ln¡pw{Ia¯n AhcpsS Bcm[yhkvXp¡sfbpw kvt\ln¨ncp¶psh¶pw, kXyhnizmknIÄ AÃmlphns\ IqSpXembn kvt\ln¡p¶hcpamsW¶pÅ AÂ_Jd kqdxbnse 165 þmw kqàhpw, \nÝbw hyàamb ZpÀamÀK¯n R§Ä AIs¸«n«ps­¶pw temIc£nXmhnt\mSv \n§sf (Bcm[yhkvXp¡sf) R§Ä Xpe\w sNbvXncn¡p¶psh¶papÅ ipAdmAv kqdxbnse 97, 98 kqàhpw ta hniZoIcW¯n\v Dt]mÂ_eIamWv.

\nkvImchpw A\p_Ô hnjb§fpw

t_¦v, ]eni

C³jqd³kv Nne kwib§Ä

kImXv  

ssa¡v sI«n A\u¬kv sN¿Â

A\p_豈 ]cn`mjs¸Sp¯n¡qtS

AÀIm\pIfpw A\p_Ô§fpw Ad_nbnemIÂ

J_dnt·Â sNSn Ip¯Â

Pmdw aqSÂ

aBind hnfn

acn¨m kp¶¯mIp¶h

a¿n¯v sIm­pt]mIpt¼mÄ ZnIvdv sNmÃÂ

\_n(kz)bpw kzlm_¯pw ZnIvdv sNmÃmdp­mbncpt¶m?

t]mÌptamÀ«w sN¿s¸« a¿n¯v

kv{XoIÄ J_À knbmd¯v sN¿Â

Xd{]kwKw

Bao³ ]dªncp¶psh¶Xn\v lZokn sXfnhnÃ

aAvaqapIÄ Bao³ ]dbÂ

Btcm \nÀan¨ \_nhN\w

Ahcmsc¦nepw Jp\qXv HmXmdp­mbncpt¶m?

CAvXnZmen ssI s\©n\v Xmsg sh¡Â

PpapAbpw s]cp¶mfpw

PpapA¡v ap¼v kp¶¯v \nkvImcw

Iq«{]mÀY\

Camw kemw ho«nbmepS³ apkzÃbn \ns¶gpt¶äv t]mIWw

\_n(kz)bpsS amXrI

XIv_odXp Clvdman\v tijw c­v ssI s\©nt·Â sh¡Â

Duln¨p ]dªm t]mc.

Nn{X§fpÅ ]S§Ä apkzÃbm¡n \nkvIcn¡Â

JfmDÂ lmPXnsâ \nkvImcw

kv{XoIÄv ssaXm\t¯v t]mbn \nkvIcn¡Â

kp_vln \nkvImc¯n Jp\qXv HmXÂ

tS¸v dn¡mÀUv hgn \_n(kz)bpsS t]cv tIÄ¡pt¼mÄ kzemXv

Xkv_olv \nkvImcw

Xkv_olv \nkvImc¯n PamAXv