amXrXz¯nsâbpw ]nXrXz¯nsâbpw CkvemanI am\w

t¢mWnwKv t]msebpÅ \qX\ {]iv\§Ä cwK¯phcpt¼mgmWv CkvemanI ^nJvlv {KÙ§fpsS {]kànbpw hym]vXnbpw ka{KXbpw ImenIXbpw IqSpX a\Ênem¡m³ kaql¯n\v Ahkcw e`n¡p¶Xv. A\mhiyImcy§sf¡pdn¨p NÀÆnX NÀÆWw \S¯n kabw Ifbp¶psh¶v ^nJvlv {KÙ§sf¡pdn¨p Nne tamtUWnÌpIÄ Btcm]n¡phm³ ImcWamb Nne \nba hniIe\§fn s]«XmWv Chsbt¶mÀ¡p t¼mgmWp \½psS ^nJvlnsâ ]pXpa IqSpX sXfnªp hcp¶Xv.

Hcp Ip«n amXmhntet¡m ]nXmhntet¡m _Ôw tNÀ¡s¸Sp¶Xn\p Nne D]m[nIfp­v. {]kvXpX D]m[nIÄ kt½fn¡pt¼mÄ am{XamWv Ahsc Ahsâ amXm]nXm¡fmbn ]cnKWn¡pI. Hcp iniphpambn Hcp kv{Xo¡p amXr_Ôw Øm]nXamhWsa¦n AYhm AXnsâ amXmhmbn Ahsf ]cnKWn¡Wsa¦nÂ, c­p \n_Ô\IfmWpÅXv. H¶v, AXv AhfpsS icoc`mKw (tImiw) BhpI. c­v, AXp ]qÀ® a\pjy\mbn Ahfn \n¶p ]pd¯p hcnI. Cu c­p \n_Ô\IÄ H¯p tNÀ¶m iniphnsâ amXmhv AhÄ Xs¶. AXpsIm­mWp hy`nNmc¯n AhÄ¡p P\n¡p¶ iniphn\p, hy`nNmcn ]nXmhmInsænepw, AhÄ amXmhmbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶Xv. ImcWw, kv{XobpsS Hcp `mKamWv AhfpsS ssewKnI tImiamb AÞw. AÞw _oPhpambn kwKan¨mWtÃm {`qWw D­mIp¶Xv. Cu {`qWamWtÃm ]cnWma ZiIÄ ]n¶n«p, ]n¶oSp iniphmbn AhfpsS KÀ`mib¯n \n¶p ]pd¯phcp¶Xv.

kv{XobpsS AÞw t]mseXs¶ ]pcpj _oPhpw {`qW¯n Hcp `mKambn hÀ¯n¡p¶ps­¦nepw AXp a\pjycq]w ]q­p ]pd¯p hcp¶Xp kv{Xobn \n¶p am{XamWv. AXpsIm­v ip¢¯n\p hy`nNmc cq]¯n ]hn{XXbnsænepw amXrXzw Øm]nXamIp¶p; ]nXrXzw Øm]nXamIp¶nÃ. Xplv^x 7:299þ \n¶v CXp {Kln¡mw.

Hcp ]pcpjsâ _oP¯n \n¶p P\n¨ inip AhtâXmbn ]cnKWn¡Wsa¦n AYhm B iniphnsâ ]nXmhmbn Ah³ ]cnKWn¡s¸SWsa¦n _oPkvJe\w \nbam\pkrXambncn¡Ww. X\n¡p kwt`mKw A\phZ\obamb Hcp kv{Xosbtbm Asæn Ahsf¶p sXän²cn¨p aäp hà kv{Xosbtbm kwt`mKw \S¯pI aptJ\ P\n¡p¶ Ip«nbpsS ]nXrXzw Ah\p­mbncn¡pw. \nbam\pkrXaÃm¯ kwt`mK¯neqsS þhy`nNmc¯neqsSþ P\n¡p¶ iniphn\p amXmhp­mIpsa¦nepw ]nXmhp­mbncn¡nÃ.

CXymZn hnjb§fnseÃmw kwt`mK¯nsâ Øm\w Xs¶bmWv _oPw Ibäp¶Xn\pw IÀaimkv{Xw \ÂInbn«pÅXv. ]t£, kwt`mKhpw _oPw {]thin¸n¡epw X½n Hcp A´cap­v. _oPw ]pcpj\n \ns¶Sp¡pt¼mgpw kv{Xobn {]thin¸n¡pt¼mgpw \n bam\pkrXambncn¡Ww. \nbaewL\¯neqsS ]hn{XX \ãs¸« coXnbn A sXSp¡pItbm IbäpItbm sNbvXm ]nXrXzw Øm]nXamhpIbnÃ. amXrXzw Øm]nXamhm³ ap³ D]m[nIÄ am{Xw aXn. Cu \n_Ô\bmhiyanÃ. CXp Xplv^x (7:302) bpsS {]kvXmh\bn \n¶p hyàambn a\Ênem¡mhp¶XmWv.

kwt`mK¯n _oPw ]pds¸Spt¼mÄ am{Xw \nbam\pkrXambm aXn; kv{Xobnte¡p {]thin¡pt¼mÄ ]hn{XX D­mbns¡mÅWsa¶nÃ. DZmlcW¯n\p HcmÄ Xsâ `mcybmsW¶p [cn¨p Hc\ykv{Xosb kwt`mKn¨p. AhfmIs« A\y]pcpj\msW ¶dnªpsIm­v Ah\p hg§n. Cu t`mKw ]pcpjs\ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw IpäaäXpw kv{Xo¡p hy`nNmchpamWv. AXpsIm­p, _oP¯nsâ ]pd¸mSp ]hn{Xsa¦nepw {]thiw Ahnip²amWv. ]t£, {]thi kabs¯ Ahnip²n ChnsS ]cnKW\obaÃ. ImcWw ]pd¸mSpw {]thihpwþ hnip²nbpw Ahnip²nbpwþ Htc kabw ]ckv]cw Gäpap«pt¼mÄ ]pd¸mSn\pw AXnsâ  hnip²n ¡pamWp ]cnKW\. AXpsIm­p ]pcpj\p ]nXrXzw e`n¡p¶p. F¶m _oPw ]pcpj\n \ns¶Sp¯p kv{Xobn {]thin¸n¡p¶psh¦n FSp¡pt¼mgpw sh¡pt¼mgpw c­hkc¯nepw \nba hnip²n thWw; kwt`mK¯nse¶ t]mse ]pd¸mSp kab¯p Xs¶ ChnsS {]thihpw \S¡p¶nÃ. AXpsIm­v Ah c­pw c­mbnXs¶ KWnt¡­XmWv. CXmWp ^nJvlnse {]_eamb A`n{]mbw. C_v\p lPÀ (d) C¡mcyw Xplv^x (7:303304) bn hyàambn {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v.

t¢m¬ iniphnsâ amXm]nXm¡Ä

Npcp¡¯nÂ, ^nJvlnsâ ho£W¯n Hcp kv{XobpsS AÞ¯n\p ]¦pÅ {`qWs¯ AhÄ KÀ`w [cn¨p {]khn¨m AhÄ AXnsâ amXmhmIpw. AXp kwt`mKw aptJ\bmhs«; Asæn _oPw IbäpI hgnbmhs«; \nbam\pkrXamhs«, AÃmXncn¡s«.

C\n ]nXrXz¯nsâ Imcyw ]dbmw. ]pcpj_oPw ]pd¯ph¶Xp \nbam\pkrXamb kwt`mKw hgnbmtWm F¶m _otPmSa Ip«nbpsS ]nXmhmIpw. A{]Imcw Xs¶ lememb hn[¯n ]pds¯Sp¯ ]pcpj_oPw, lememb amÀ¤¯n Xs¶ kv{XobpsS KÀ`mib¯n {]thin¸n¨m AXn P\n¡p¶ Ipªnsâ ]nXrXzw _otPmSabv¡p­mbncn¡pw.

Cu \nba§fpsS shfn¨¯n t¢mWnMv inipsh¡pdn¨p \ap¡v hniIe\w \S¯mw. \yq¢nbkv \o¡w sNbvX AÞ¯n asämcmfpsS ssewKntIXc tImi¯nse \yq¢nbkv sh¨mWtÃm ChnsS {`qWw D­m¡p¶Xv. CXv Hcp kv{XobpsS KÀ`mib¯n \nt£]n¨p t¢mWnMv inipshbpw \nÀ½n¡p¶p. ChnsS km[yXIÄ ]eXp­v. tImi ZmXmhv BtWm s]t®m Bhmw. BWmsW¦n AtÞmSabpsS `À¯mthm A\yt\m BImw. {`qWw \nt£]n¡p¶ KÀ`mibw, AtÞmSabptStXm asämcp kv{XobptStXm BImw.

Hcp kv{XobpsS AÞhpw AhfpsS `À¯mhnsâ tImihpw tNÀ¯p {`qWw A hfpsS Xs¶ KÀ`mib¯n \nt£]n¡p¶psh¦n AhÄ B iniphnsâ am Xmhp Xs¶. ImcWw, kv{XobpsS AÞ`mK¯n\p {`qW¯n ]¦pÅXp sIm ­pw a\pjycq]w ]q­ tijw AXns\ AhÄ {]khn¨Xp sIm­pw amXrXz¯nsâ c­v D]m[nIfpw ChnsS kt½fn¨ncn¡p¶p.

C\n, `À¯mhnsâ ssewKntIXc tImihpw kv{XobpsS, \yq¢nbkv \o¡w sNbvX AÞhpw tNÀ¯p cq]s¸Sp¯nb {`qWw asämcp kv{XobpsS KÀ`]m{X¯n \n t£]n¨p t¢m¬ iniphn\p P·w \ÂIp¶psh¦n AXn\p amXmhnÃ. H¶ma¯hfpw c­ma¯hfpw amXmhmInÃ. ImcWw, AÞ`mKw H¶ma¯hfptSsX¦nepw Ahfà Ip«nsb {]khn¨Xv. c­ma¯hÄ {]khn¨psh¦nepw {`qW¯n AhÄ¡p ]¦mfn¯anÃ.

Hcp kv{XobpsS, \yq¢nbkv \o¡w sNbvX AÞt¯mSp asämcp kv{XobpsStbm A\y ]pcpjsâtbm icoctImiw tNÀ¯v AhfpsS (AtÞmSabpsS) KÀ`]m{X¯n Xs¶ \nt£]n¡p¶psh¦n AhÄ Ip«nbpsS amXmhp Xs¶. ImcWw, AtÞmSa Xs¶bmWtÃm Ip«nsb {]khn¨Xv. Hcp kv{XobpsS AÞsaSp¯v BtWm s]t®m Bb asämcmfpsS icoc tImiw tNÀ¯p asämcp A\ykv{XobpsS KÀ`]m{X¯n \nt£]n¡p¶psh¦n t¢m¬ iniphn\p amXmhnÃ. AtÞmSa {]khn¡m¯Xp sIm­pw {]khn¨hÄ¡p {`qW¯n ]¦nÃm¯Xp sIm­pw.

F¶mÂ, Hcp kmlNcy¯nepw t¢m¬ a\pjy\p ]nXmhp­mbncn¡nÃ. ImcWw, tImiw FSp¡pt¼mgpw Ibäpt¼mgpw ]hn{XXbps­¦n am{Xta ]nXrXzw Øm ]nXamhpIbpÅqsh¶p t\ct¯ ]dªphtÃm. ]pcpjsâ icoc tImiw A hsâ icoc¯nsâ Hcp `mKambXp sIm­p {]XypÂ]mZ\mhiymÀYw AsXSp¡p¶Xp Xs¶ ldmamWv. Hcp a\pjysâ icoc`mKw þAXp sNdpXmIs«, hepXmIs«þ FSp¡Wsa¦n B icoc¯nsâ A\nhmcyamb Hcmhiy¯n\p th­nbmbncn¡Ww. icoc¯nsâ kz´amb Bhiyw Xs¶ A\nhmcyasæn AsXSp¡Â A\phZ\obaÃ. A{]Imcw Xs¶ asämcmfpsS Bhiy¯n\p th­nbpw kz´w icoc`mKw FSp¡p¶Xp \njn²hpw IpäIchpamWv.

HcmfpsS icoc `mKw apdns¨Sp¡mhp¶ Bhiy§Ä CkvemanI IÀaimkv{X ho£W¯n cs­®amWv. H¶v, NnInÕmhiymÀYw icoc¯nsâ hà `mKhpw apdn¨p amäpI. apdn¡p¶Xp sIm­p IqSpX A]IS km[yXbnsæn am{Xta Cu NnInÕ A\phZn¡s¸SpIbpÅq. BtcmKy kwc£W¯n\mbn Rc¼p apdn¡pI, Im³kÀ ]nSn¨ Ahbhw apdn¨p amäpI, sshIrXw \o¡m³ apg apdn¨p \o¡pI apXemb Imcy§Ä Cubn\¯nÂs¸«XmWv. an³lmPv, Xplv^x, apKv\n (an³lmP:v t]: 177,Xplv^: 9/194,apKv\n:4/200)apXemb ^nJvlv {KÙ§Ä C¡mcyw hniZoIcn¨n«p­v.

c­mas¯ Bhiyw, H¶pw `£n¡m³ In«msX hcpt¼mÄ icoc¯nsâ Hcp `mKw apdns¨Sp¯p `£n¡pIbmWv. Bßc£mÀYw C§s\ apdns¨Sp¡Â A\phZ\obamIp¶Xn\p c­v D]m[nIfp­v. ihw t]mepw `£n¡m³ In«mXncn¡pI. apdns¨Sp¡p¶XnepÅ A]ISmi¦ AXp apdns¨Sp¯p Ign¡mXncn¡p¶XnepÅXnt\¡mÄ Ipdhmbncn¡pI. ChbmWp c­v D]m[nIÄ. C¡mcyw Camw \hhn  (d) Xsâ hnizhnJymX {KÙamb an³lmPn (188) tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v.

CXv A\phZ\obamIp¶Xn\pÅ ImcWw Xplv^x(9/397) hnhcn¡p¶p: ""]qÀW icocw Ahtijn¸n¡p¶Xn\p th­n AÂ]`mKw apdns¨Sp¡pIbmWv ChnsS sNbvXn«pÅXv. At¸mÄ AXp Im³kÀ _m[n¨ ssI apdn¨p amäp¶Xn\p XpeyamWv''.

t¢m¬ iniphns\ krãn¡phm³ icoctImiw ]dns¨Sp¡p¶Xv A\phZ\obamb Cu c­mhiy§fnepw s]SnÃ. asämcmfpsS Bß c£¡pth­n t]mepw kz´w icoc`mKw apdn¨p sImSp¡m³ ]mSnÃsb¶mWv \nbaw (an³lmPv: 188). A t¸mÄ, tImiw \nbahncp²ambmWv FSp¯n«pÅXv. AXpsIm­v hy`nNmc¯nse _oPsa¶ t]mseXs¶ AXn\p ]hn{XXbnÃ. ]hn{XXbnÃm¯Xp sIm­pXs¶ ]n XrXzw Øncs¸SpIbpanÃ. ]pcpjtImi¯n \n¶p t¢m¬ sNbvX iniphnsâ ImcyamWv C{Xbpw ]dªXv. kv{XobpsS icoc tImi¯n \n¶mWp t¢m¬ sN¿p¶sX¦n ]nXmhnsöp ]dtb­XnÃtÃm.

Npcp¡¯nÂ, t¢m¬ a\pjy\p Nne {]tXyI kmlNcy§fn amXmhp­mIpsa¦nepw Hcp kmlNcy¯nepw ]nXmhp­mbncn¡nÃ. Cu X´bnÃm¯ k´m\§fmbncn¡mw temImhkm\s¯ A`napJoIcn¡p¶ ZpãP\w.

t¢m¬ a\pjysâ AhImi§fpw _m[yXIfpw

t¢m¬ a\pjy\p amXmhp­mIp¶ kmlNcy¯n Ah\v Ahfn \n¶v A\´cm hImiw e`n¡p¶Xpw AhfpsS ]p{Xo ]p{X·mÀ Ahsâ ktlmZco ktlmZc·mcm Ip¶XpamWv. ]nXmhnsö t]mse¯s¶ amXmhpw CÃmsX hcp¶ kmlNcy¯n kaql¯n Ah\p bmsXmcp hn[ IpSpw_ _Ôhpap­mbncn¡nÃ. apeIpSn _Ô¯nepÅ amXm]nXm¡·mcpw ktlmZco ktlmZc·mcpw am{Xta D­mbncn¡p IbpÅq.

]nXmhnÃm¯ kmlNcy¯nepw amXmhpw ]nXmhpanÃm¯ kmlNcy¯nepw, _p ²nbps­¦n Ahs\ aäpÅhsct¸mse a\pjy\mbn ]cnKWn¡p¶XmWv. am\pjnIamb hn[nhne¡pIÄ Ah\pw _m[Iambncn¡pw. am\pjnIXbv¡p amXm]nXm¡Ä BhiyanÃ. BZna a\pjycmb BZw, lÆm (A) F¶nhÀ¡v amXm]nXm¡fnÃtÃm. hntij_p²nbmWp am\pjnI _m[yXIÄ _m[Iam¡p¶Xn\v B[mcw. Xplv^xbpsS {]kvXmh\bn \n¶v CXp {Kln¡mw.

"a\pjyÀ¡p P\n¨ Ip«n \mbbpsS cq]¯nemsW¦nepw ip²amWv. \mbcq]¯nepÅ a\pjy¡p«n kwkmchpw _p²nbpapÅhs\¦n aX¯nsâ hn[nhne¡pIÄ¡p hnt[b\mWv. ImcWw, hntij _p²nbmWp aX_m[yXbv¡v B[mcw. AXv ChnsSbp­tÃm. c­mSpIÄ tNÀ¶p­mb a\pjycq]¯nepÅ Ip«nbpw, _p²nbpw kwkmctijnbpapÅh\msW¦n aX_m[yXbpÅh\mbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Spw (Xplv^x 1þ291).

P´p¡fpsS AÞtImi§Ä FSp¡mtam? F¶ ioÀjIw IqSn ImWpI (^nJvlv).