amXrXzŻnsâbpw ]nXrXzŻnsâbpw CkvemanI am\w

t˘mWnwKv t]msebpĹ \qX\ {]iv\§Ä cwKŻphcptĽmgmWv CkvemanI ^nJvlv {K٧fpsS {]kŕnbpw hym]vXnbpw ka{KXbpw ImenIXbpw IqSpX a\Ęnemˇmł kaqlŻn\v Ahkcw e`nˇp¶Xv. A\mhiyImcy§sfˇpdn¨p NŔĆnX NŔĆWw \SŻn kabw Ifbp¶psh¶v ^nJvlv {K٧sfˇpdn¨p Nne tamtUWnĚpIÄ Btcm]nˇphmł ImcWamb Nne \nba hniIe\§fn s]«XmWv Chsbt¶mŔˇp tĽmgmWp \˝psS ^nJvlnsâ ]pXpa IqSpX sXfnŞp hcp¶Xv.

Hcp Ip«n amXmhntetˇm ]nXmhntetˇm _Ôw tNŔˇs¸Sp¶Xn\p Nne D]m[nIfp­v. {]kvXpX D]m[nIÄ kt˝fnˇptĽmÄ am{XamWv Ahsc Ahsâ amXm]nXmˇfmbn ]cnKWnˇpI. Hcp iniphpambn Hcp kv{Xoˇp amXr_Ôw Řm]nXamhWsa¦n AYhm AXnsâ amXmhmbn Ahsf ]cnKWnˇWsa¦nÂ, c­p \n_Ô\IfmWpĹXv. H¶v, AXv AhfpsS icoc`mKw (tImiw) BhpI. c­v, AXp ]qŔ® a\pjy\mbn Ahfn \n¶p ]pdŻp hcnI. Cu c­p \n_Ô\IÄ HŻp tNŔ¶m iniphnsâ amXmhv AhÄ Xs¶. AXpsIm­mWp hy`nNmcŻn Ahġp P\nˇp¶ iniphn\p, hy`nNmcn ]nXmhmInsænepw, AhÄ amXmhmbn ]cnKWnˇs¸Sp¶Xv. ImcWw, kv{XobpsS Hcp `mKamWv AhfpsS ssewKnI tImiamb AŢw. AŢw _oPhpambn kwKan¨mWtĂm {`qWw D­mIp¶Xv. Cu {`qWamWtĂm ]cnWma ZiIÄ ]n¶n«p, ]n¶oSp iniphmbn AhfpsS KŔ`mibŻn \n¶p ]pdŻphcp¶Xv.

kv{XobpsS AŢw t]mseXs¶ ]pcpj _oPhpw {`qWŻn Hcp `mKambn hŔŻnˇp¶ps­¦nepw AXp a\pjycq]w ]q­p ]pdŻp hcp¶Xp kv{Xobn \n¶p am{XamWv. AXpsIm­v ip˘Żn\p hy`nNmc cq]Żn ]hn{XXbnsænepw amXrXzw Řm]nXamIp¶p; ]nXrXzw Řm]nXamIp¶nĂ. Xplv^x 7:299ţ \n¶v CXp {Klnˇmw.

Hcp ]pcpjsâ _oPŻn \n¶p P\n¨ inip AhtâXmbn ]cnKWnˇWsa¦n AYhm B iniphnsâ ]nXmhmbn Ahł ]cnKWnˇs¸SWsa¦n _oPkvJe\w \nbam\pkrXambncnˇWw. X\nˇp kwt`mKw A\phZ\obamb Hcp kv{Xosbtbm Asæn Ahsf¶p sXän˛cn¨p aäp hĂ kv{Xosbtbm kwt`mKw \SŻpI aptJ\ P\nˇp¶ Ip«nbpsS ]nXrXzw Ah\p­mbncnˇpw. \nbam\pkrXaĂmŻ kwt`mKŻneqsS ţhy`nNmcŻneqsSţ P\nˇp¶ iniphn\p amXmhp­mIpsa¦nepw ]nXmhp­mbncnˇnĂ.

CXymZn hnjb§fnseĂmw kwt`mKŻnsâ Řm\w Xs¶bmWv _oPw Ibäp¶Xn\pw IŔaimkv{Xw \ÂInbn«pĹXv. ]tŁ, kwt`mKhpw _oPw {]thin¸nˇepw X˝n Hcp A´cap­v. _oPw ]pcpj\n \ns¶SpˇptĽmgpw kv{Xobn {]thin¸nˇptĽmgpw \n bam\pkrXambncnˇWw. \nbaewL\ŻneqsS ]hn{XX \ăs¸« coXnbn A sXSpˇpItbm IbäpItbm sNbvXm ]nXrXzw Řm]nXamhpIbnĂ. amXrXzw Řm]nXamhmł apł D]m[nIÄ am{Xw aXn. Cu \n_Ô\bmhiyanĂ. CXp Xplv^x (7:302) bpsS {]kvXmh\bn \n¶p hyŕambn a\Ęnemˇmhp¶XmWv.

kwt`mKŻn _oPw ]pds¸SptĽmÄ am{Xw \nbam\pkrXambm aXn; kv{Xobnteˇp {]thinˇptĽmÄ ]hn{XX D­mbnsˇmĹWsa¶nĂ. DZmlcWŻn\p HcmÄ Xsâ `mcybmsW¶p [cn¨p Hc\ykv{Xosb kwt`mKn¨p. AhfmIs« A\y]pcpj\msW ¶dnŞpsIm­v Ah\p hg§n. Cu t`mKw ]pcpjs\ kw_Ôn¨nStŻmfw IpäaäXpw kv{Xoˇp hy`nNmchpamWv. AXpsIm­p, _oPŻnsâ ]pd¸mSp ]hn{Xsa¦nepw {]thiw Ahnip˛amWv. ]tŁ, {]thi kabsŻ Ahnip˛n ChnsS ]cnKW\obaĂ. ImcWw ]pd¸mSpw {]thihpwţ hnip˛nbpw Ahnip˛nbpwţ Htc kabw ]ckv]cw Gäpap«ptĽmÄ ]pd¸mSn\pw AXnsâ  hnip˛n ˇpamWp ]cnKW\. AXpsIm­p ]pcpj\p ]nXrXzw e`nˇp¶p. F¶m _oPw ]pcpj\n \ns¶SpŻp kv{Xobn {]thin¸nˇp¶psh¦n FSpˇptĽmgpw shˇptĽmgpw c­hkcŻnepw \nba hnip˛n thWw; kwt`mKŻnse¶ t]mse ]pd¸mSp kabŻp Xs¶ ChnsS {]thihpw \Sˇp¶nĂ. AXpsIm­v Ah c­pw c­mbnXs¶ KWntˇ­XmWv. CXmWp ^nJvlnse {]_eamb A`n{]mbw. C_v\p lPŔ (d) Cˇmcyw Xplv^x (7:303304) bn hyŕambn {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v.

t˘m¬ iniphnsâ amXm]nXmˇÄ

NpcpˇŻnÂ, ^nJvlnsâ hoŁWŻn Hcp kv{XobpsS AŢŻn\p ]¦pĹ {`qWsŻ AhÄ KŔ`w [cn¨p {]khn¨m AhÄ AXnsâ amXmhmIpw. AXp kwt`mKw aptJ\bmhs«; Asæn _oPw IbäpI hgnbmhs«; \nbam\pkrXamhs«, AĂmXncnˇs«.

C\n ]nXrXzŻnsâ Imcyw ]dbmw. ]pcpj_oPw ]pdŻph¶Xp \nbam\pkrXamb kwt`mKw hgnbmtWm F¶m _otPmSa Ip«nbpsS ]nXmhmIpw. A{]Imcw Xs¶ lememb hn[Żn ]pdsŻSpŻ ]pcpj_oPw, lememb amŔ¤Żn Xs¶ kv{XobpsS KŔ`mibŻn {]thin¸n¨m AXn P\nˇp¶ IpŞnsâ ]nXrXzw _otPmSabvˇp­mbncnˇpw.

Cu \nba§fpsS shfn¨Żn t˘mWnMv inipshˇpdn¨p \apˇv hniIe\w \SŻmw. \yq˘nbkv \oˇw sNbvX AŢŻn asämcmfpsS ssewKntIXc tImiŻnse \yq˘nbkv sh¨mWtĂm ChnsS {`qWw D­mˇp¶Xv. CXv Hcp kv{XobpsS KŔ`mibŻn \ntŁ]n¨p t˘mWnMv inipshbpw \nŔ˝nˇp¶p. ChnsS km[yXIÄ ]eXp­v. tImi ZmXmhv BtWm s]t®m Bhmw. BWmsW¦n AtŢmSabpsS `ŔŻmthm A\yt\m BImw. {`qWw \ntŁ]nˇp¶ KŔ`mibw, AtŢmSabptStXm asämcp kv{XobptStXm BImw.

Hcp kv{XobpsS AŢhpw AhfpsS `ŔŻmhnsâ tImihpw tNŔŻp {`qWw A hfpsS Xs¶ KŔ`mibŻn \ntŁ]nˇp¶psh¦n AhÄ B iniphnsâ am Xmhp Xs¶. ImcWw, kv{XobpsS AŢ`mKŻn\p {`qWŻn ]¦pĹXp sIm ­pw a\pjycq]w ]q­ tijw AXns\ AhÄ {]khn¨Xp sIm­pw amXrXzŻnsâ c­v D]m[nIfpw ChnsS kt˝fn¨ncnˇp¶p.

C\n, `ŔŻmhnsâ ssewKntIXc tImihpw kv{XobpsS, \yq˘nbkv \oˇw sNbvX AŢhpw tNŔŻp cq]s¸SpŻnb {`qWw asämcp kv{XobpsS KŔ`]m{XŻn \n tŁ]n¨p t˘m¬ iniphn\p P·w \ÂIp¶psh¦n AXn\p amXmhnĂ. H¶maŻhfpw c­maŻhfpw amXmhmInĂ. ImcWw, AŢ`mKw H¶maŻhfptSsX¦nepw AhfĂ Ip«nsb {]khn¨Xv. c­maŻhÄ {]khn¨psh¦nepw {`qWŻn Ahġp ]¦mfnŻanĂ.

Hcp kv{XobpsS, \yq˘nbkv \oˇw sNbvX AŢtŻmSp asämcp kv{XobpsStbm A\y ]pcpjsâtbm icoctImiw tNŔŻv AhfpsS (AtŢmSabpsS) KŔ`]m{XŻn Xs¶ \ntŁ]nˇp¶psh¦n AhÄ Ip«nbpsS amXmhp Xs¶. ImcWw, AtŢmSa Xs¶bmWtĂm Ip«nsb {]khn¨Xv. Hcp kv{XobpsS AŢsaSpŻv BtWm s]t®m Bb asämcmfpsS icoc tImiw tNŔŻp asämcp A\ykv{XobpsS KŔ`]m{XŻn \ntŁ]nˇp¶psh¦n t˘m¬ iniphn\p amXmhnĂ. AtŢmSa {]khnˇmŻXp sIm­pw {]khn¨hġp {`qWŻn ]¦nĂmŻXp sIm­pw.

F¶mÂ, Hcp kmlNcyŻnepw t˘m¬ a\pjy\p ]nXmhp­mbncnˇnĂ. ImcWw, tImiw FSpˇptĽmgpw IbäptĽmgpw ]hn{XXbps­¦n am{Xta ]nXrXzw Řm ]nXamhpIbpĹqsh¶p t\ctŻ ]dŞphtĂm. ]pcpjsâ icoc tImiw A hsâ icocŻnsâ Hcp `mKambXp sIm­p {]XypÂ]mZ\mhiymŔYw AsXSpˇp¶Xp Xs¶ ldmamWv. Hcp a\pjysâ icoc`mKw ţAXp sNdpXmIs«, hepXmIs«ţ FSpˇWsa¦n B icocŻnsâ A\nhmcyamb HcmhiyŻn\p th­nbmbncnˇWw. icocŻnsâ kz´amb Bhiyw Xs¶ A\nhmcyasæn AsXSpˇÂ A\phZ\obaĂ. A{]Imcw Xs¶ asämcmfpsS BhiyŻn\p th­nbpw kz´w icoc`mKw FSpˇp¶Xp \njn˛hpw IpäIchpamWv.

HcmfpsS icoc `mKw apdns¨Spˇmhp¶ Bhiy§Ä CkvemanI IŔaimkv{X hoŁWŻn cs­®amWv. H¶v, NnInŐmhiymŔYw icocŻnsâ hĂ `mKhpw apdn¨p amäpI. apdnˇp¶Xp sIm­p IqSpX A]IS km[yXbnsæn am{Xta Cu NnInŐ A\phZnˇs¸SpIbpĹq. BtcmKy kwcŁWŻn\mbn RcĽp apdnˇpI, ImłkŔ ]nSn¨ Ahbhw apdn¨p amäpI, sshIrXw \oˇmł apg apdn¨p \oˇpI apXemb Imcy§Ä Cubn\ŻnÂs¸«XmWv. anłlmPv, Xplv^x, apKv\n (anłlmP:v t]: 177,Xplv^: 9/194,apKv\n:4/200)apXemb ^nJvlv {KŮ§Ä Cˇmcyw hniZoIcn¨n«p­v.

c­masŻ Bhiyw, H¶pw `Łnˇmł In«msX hcptĽmÄ icocŻnsâ Hcp `mKw apdns¨SpŻp `ŁnˇpIbmWv. BßcŁmŔYw C§s\ apdns¨SpˇÂ A\phZ\obamIp¶Xn\p c­v D]m[nIfp­v. ihw t]mepw `Łnˇmł In«mXncnˇpI. apdns¨Spˇp¶XnepĹ A]ISmi¦ AXp apdns¨SpŻp IgnˇmXncnˇp¶XnepĹXnt\ˇmÄ IpdhmbncnˇpI. ChbmWp c­v D]m[nIÄ. Cˇmcyw Camw \hhn  (d) Xsâ hnizhnJymX {KŮamb anłlmPn (188) tcJs¸SpŻnbn«p­v.

CXv A\phZ\obamIp¶Xn\pĹ ImcWw Xplv^x(9/397) hnhcnˇp¶p: ""]qŔW icocw Ahtijn¸nˇp¶Xn\p th­n AÂ]`mKw apdns¨SpˇpIbmWv ChnsS sNbvXn«pĹXv. At¸mÄ AXp ImłkŔ _m[n¨ ssI apdn¨p amäp¶Xn\p XpeyamWv''.

t˘m¬ iniphns\ krănˇphmł icoctImiw ]dns¨Spˇp¶Xv A\phZ\obamb Cu c­mhiy§fnepw s]SnĂ. asämcmfpsS Bß cŁˇpth­n t]mepw kz´w icoc`mKw apdn¨p sImSpˇmł ]mSnĂsb¶mWv \nbaw (anłlmPv: 188). A t¸mÄ, tImiw \nbahncp˛ambmWv FSpŻn«pĹXv. AXpsIm­v hy`nNmcŻnse _oPsa¶ t]mseXs¶ AXn\p ]hn{XXbnĂ. ]hn{XXbnĂmŻXp sIm­pXs¶ ]n XrXzw Řncs¸SpIbpanĂ. ]pcpjtImiŻn \n¶p t˘m¬ sNbvX iniphnsâ ImcyamWv C{Xbpw ]dŞXv. kv{XobpsS icoc tImiŻn \n¶mWp t˘m¬ sNżp¶sX¦n ]nXmhnsöp ]dtb­XnĂtĂm.

NpcpˇŻnÂ, t˘m¬ a\pjy\p Nne {]tXyI kmlNcy§fn amXmhp­mIpsa¦nepw Hcp kmlNcyŻnepw ]nXmhp­mbncnˇnĂ. Cu X´bnĂmŻ k´m\§fmbncnˇmw temImhkm\sŻ A`napJoIcnˇp¶ ZpăP\w.

t˘m¬ a\pjysâ AhImi§fpw _m[yXIfpw

t˘m¬ a\pjy\p amXmhp­mIp¶ kmlNcyŻn Ah\v Ahfn \n¶v A\´cm hImiw e`nˇp¶Xpw AhfpsS ]p{Xo ]p{X·mŔ Ahsâ ktlmZco ktlmZc·mcm Ip¶XpamWv. ]nXmhnsö t]mseŻs¶ amXmhpw CĂmsX hcp¶ kmlNcyŻn kaqlŻn Ah\p bmsXmcp hn[ IpSpw_ _Ôhpap­mbncnˇnĂ. apeIpSn _ÔŻnepĹ amXm]nXmˇ·mcpw ktlmZco ktlmZc·mcpw am{Xta D­mbncnˇp IbpĹq.

]nXmhnĂmŻ kmlNcyŻnepw amXmhpw ]nXmhpanĂmŻ kmlNcyŻnepw, _p ˛nbps­¦n Ahs\ aäpĹhsct¸mse a\pjy\mbn ]cnKWnˇp¶XmWv. am\pjnIamb hn[nhneˇpIÄ Ah\pw _m[Iambncnˇpw. am\pjnIXbvˇp amXm]nXmˇÄ BhiyanĂ. BZna a\pjycmb BZw, lĆm (A) F¶nhŔˇv amXm]nXmˇfnĂtĂm. hntij_p˛nbmWp am\pjnI _m[yXIÄ _m[Iamˇp¶Xn\v B[mcw. Xplv^xbpsS {]kvXmh\bn \n¶v CXp {Klnˇmw.

"a\pjyŔˇp P\n¨ Ip«n \mbbpsS cq]ŻnemsW¦nepw ip˛amWv. \mbcq]ŻnepĹ a\pjyˇp«n kwkmchpw _p˛nbpapĹhs\¦n aXŻnsâ hn[nhneˇpIġp hnt[b\mWv. ImcWw, hntij _p˛nbmWp aX_m[yXbvˇv B[mcw. AXv ChnsSbp­tĂm. c­mSpIÄ tNŔ¶p­mb a\pjycq]ŻnepĹ Ip«nbpw, _p˛nbpw kwkmctijnbpapĹh\msW¦n aX_m[yXbpĹh\mbn ]cnKWnˇs¸Spw (Xplv^x 1ţ291).

P´pˇfpsS AŢtImi§Ä FSpˇmtam? F¶ ioŔjIw IqSn ImWpI (^nJvlv).