AJoJx

Hcp Ipªv P\n¨m XeapSn Ifbp¶Xnt\mS\p_Ôn¨v kp¶¯pÅ arK_enbmWv AJoJx. Ipªv P\n¨Xnsâ t]cn kt´mjw {]ISn¸n¡m\pw, Ipªnsâ cà_Ôhpw XdhmSpw {]kn²s¸Sp¯m\pw, Ip«nbpsS hfÀ¨ ¡pw, Ahsâ KpWapÅ `mhn¡v th­nbpw Ah\n \n¶v amXm]nXm¡Ä¡v e`n¡mhp¶ Cl]c hnPb¯n\pw DXIp¶, c£nXmhnsâ ta iànbmb kp¶¯pÅ arK_enbmWnXv. Ip«n Ahsâ AJoJx sIm­v _Ôv sN ¿s¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXn\m {]khw apX Ggmw Znhkw AJoJx Adpt¡­Xpw XeapSn Iftb­Xpw t]cv \ tI­XpamWv (\_nhN\w). Adp¯n«nsæn Ip«nbpsS hfÀ¨¡v hnáap­mtb¡msa¶pw X\n¡v AÀlXbp s­¦n t]mepw BJnd¯n Xsâ c£nXmhn\v i^mA¯v sN¿m³ B Ip«n¡v k½Xw e`n¡mXncn¡psa¶pw CulZoknâ hymJym\¯n ImWmw (Xplv^)

kabw

Ip«nbpsS P\\w ]qÀWamhp¶tXmsS AJoJbpsS kabambn. Ggmw Znhk¯n\v ap¼v acn¨ Ip«n¡pw Adhv kp ¶¯mWv. AJoJx Adp¡m\pÅ ]Ww c£nXmhnâ kz¯n \ns¶Spt¡­Xpw Ip«nbpsS kz¯n \ns¶Sp ¯m Xncn¨psImSpt¡­XpamWv (iÀhm\n 9/370).

AJoJx Adp¡p¶Xn\v c­p \n_Ô\Ifp­v. (1) Ipªv Poht\msS ]nd¡pI (2) P\\w apX {]kh cà ¯n \n¶v IqSnb Imeamb 60 Znhk¯n\pÅn c£nXmhnsâ ASp¡Â X\n¡pw Xm³ Nnehv sImSp¡Â \nÀ_ÔambhÀ¡papÅ `£Ww, hkv{Xw ]mÀ¸nSw F¶nh Ign¨v an¨w hcp¶ Xc¯nepÅ km¼¯nI tijn D­mhpI (Xplv^ 9/370).

Poh\nÃmsX ]nd¶ Ip«n¡v AJoJx Adpt¡­Xnsöpw Adp¡p¶Xn\v ap¼v acn¨ Ip«n¡pÅ AJoJx km[p hmIpsa¶pw, ^nXzvdv kIm¯nsâ \n_Ô\sbm¯ km¼¯nI tijnbnÃm¯h\v AJoJx kp¶¯mhnsöpw hcp¶p. Ip«n¡v {]mb]qÀ¯nbmhp¶tXmsS c£nXmhnt\mSpÅ I¸\mkabw Ahkm\n¨p. AhnlnX _Ô ¯n P\n¨ Ip«nbpsS kwc£W _m[yX amXmhn\mbXv sIm­v AJoJbpsS D¯chmZn¯hpw AhÄ¡p Xs¶. c£nXmhn\v km¼¯nI tijnbp­mbmepw Csænepw, Xsâ ta ap¼v AJoJx \S¶n«nsæn {]mb ]qÀ¯nbmb tijw Ip«n¡v kz´w AJoJx \S¯Â kp¶¯p­v. Ip«nbpsS P\\w apX Ggmw ZnhkamWv AJoJx Adp¡Â kp¶¯pÅXv. Ggn\v Adp¡m³ IgnbmXncp¶m Ggnsâ KpWnX§fmb Znhk§fmWv \ÃXv (idlp apl±_v). ]IemWv P\ns¨sX¦n A¶p apXepw, cm{XnbmWv P\n¨sX¦n ASp¯ ]I apXepw Znhkw F®p¶XmWv.

\n_Ô\IÄ

BSv, amSv, H«Iw F¶o arK§fmWv Adhn\p]tbmKnt¡­­Xv. BSv F¶Xn s\¿mSv, tImemSv XpS§nbhsbÃmw DÄs¸Spw. ]t£, s\¿mSn\v Hcp hbÊpw tImemSn\v c­­p hbÊpw {]mbamWv th­­Xv. amSv F¶Xn Imf, ]ip, t]m¯v, Fcpa, F¶nh DÄs¸Spw. CXn\v c­­v hbÊp ]qÀ¯nbmIWw. H«IamsW¦n A©v hbÊpXs¶ ]qÀ ¯nbmtI­­Xp­­v.  

Ip«n BWmbmepw s]®mbmepw AJoJx Adpt¡­Xnsâ tXmXv Gähpw Npcp§nbXv Hcp BSpw, H«I¯n sâtbm amSnsâtbm Ggnsem¶pamWv. anXamb cq]w B¬Ip«nbmW¦nÂ, XpÃyhen¸apÅ c­v BSpIfpw s]¬ Ipªn\v Hcp BSpamWv. Ggv BSpIÄ, H«Iw, amSv, s\¿mSv, tImemSv, H«I¯nsâ Ggnsem¶v, amSnsâ Ggnsem¶v F¶ {IaamWv Gähpw D¯aambXv. Ggv Ip«nIÄ¡v th­n Hcp H«Is¯tbm amSns\tbm Adp¡mw. A{]Imcw, amSnepw H«I¯nepw Ggv t]sc hsc AJoJt¯m,  AJoJ¯pw Dfvln¿¯pw IqSnbtXm, hn¸\¡pÅtXm hnhnt[mt²iy§fpÅhsc ]¦m¡mhp¶XmWv. Ip«n BWmbmepw s]®mbmepw Gähpw D¯aw B¬ arKs¯ Adp¡p¶XmWv. F¶mÂ, IqSpXembn CWtNÀ¡m³ D]tbmK¡p¶ B¬ arKs¯¡mÄ \ÃXv {]khn¡m¯ s]¬ arKamWv (Xplv^ 9/349). KÀ`nWnbmb ayKw km[phmInsömWv {]`em`n{]mbw (^XvD apCu³ 217).

\yq\XIÄ

hyàmamb apS´v, saensªm«nbXv, sNhn, hm XpS§nb Ahbh§Ä \jvSs¸«tXm, hyàamb tcmKapÅtXm Bb arK§sf Adp¡m³ ]änÃ. sIm¼v s]m«nbXv aqew icoc¯n\v £Xw kw`hn¡m¯XmsW¦n {]iv\anÃ. F¦nepw  sIm¼pÅXmWp¯aw. sNmdnbpffXpw ]änÃ(Xplv^). arK¯nsâ \nd¯n \n¶v Gähpw D¯aambXv bYm{Iaw shÅ, aª, a§nb shÅ, Nmc\ndw, Nph¸v, shfp¸pw Nph¸pw IeÀ¶Xv, shfp¸pw Idp¸pw IeÀ¶Xv, Idp¸v F¶n§s\bmWv. \nd¯n D¯aambXv saenªXmsW¦nÂ, XSnsIm­v sa¨apÅXv XncsªSp¡Ww (Xplv^ 9/350).

\n¿¯v

AJoJx Adhn\p \n¿¯v A\nhmcyamWv. H¶pIn Adhnsâ kab¯v \n¿¯v sN¿Ww. Asæn AJoJx ¡pth­­n arKs¯ \nÀWbn¡pt¼mÄ \n¿¯v sNbvXmepw aXn. XpS¡¯n \n¿¯p­mbncn¡Wsa¶Xn\m H¶ne[nIw t]À tNÀ¶v Hcp arKs¯ Adp¡pt¼mÄ Hmtcmcp¯cpw \n¿¯v sNbvXncn¡Ww. hn¸\t¡m atäm th­n Adp¯Xn Ggnsem¶v hm§n AJoJxbm¡m³ IgnbnÃ. Ggne[nIw t]À¡v Hcp amSnepw H«I¯nepw ]¦mhm³ ]änÃ.

ayK¯n\v kam\amb ]Ww Zm\w sNbvXm AXv AJoJxbmhpIbnÃ. AJoJx Adp¡p¶Xnsâ {]Xn^ew, ayK¯n\v kam\amb ]Ww Zm\w sN¿p¶Xns\¡mÄ alXzamWv. ta Zm\s¯¡mÄ \ÃXv ayKs¯ Adp¡em sW¶v Camw im^o(d) ]dªn«p­v.

hnXcWw

ayK¯nsâ FÃpw tXmepw hn¡mt\m AdhpImc\p Iqenbmbn \ÂImt\m ]mSnÃ. ]mh§Ä¡v Zm\w sN¿Ww. kp¶¯mb AJoJbmsW¦n Ch kz´w Bhiy§Ä¡v D]tbmKn¡mw. Zcn{ZÀ¡pw ]W¡mÀ¡pw kp¶¯m b AJoJxbpsS amwkw hnXcWw sN¿mw. AapkvenwIÄ¡v \ÂIm³ ]mSnÃ. kp¶¯mb AJoJbmsW¦n AÂ]w amwksa¦nepw Zm\w sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. t\À¨bm¡nbm X\nt¡m Xm³ Nnehv sImSp¡Â \nÀ_ ÔambhÀt¡m AXv `£n¡m³ ]mSnÃ. apgph³ Zcn{ZÀ¡v am{Xw Zm\w sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. AJoJx thhn¨pw ]¨bmbpw hnXcWw  \S¯mw. Dfpln¿¯v ]¨bmbn Xs¶ hnXcWw  sN¿Ww. Ip«nbpÅ \m«n sh¨pw Adhv \S¯p¶ BfpsS \m«n sh¨pw Adhv \S¯mw.

AJoJxbpsS amwkw AXv e`n¨hÀ¡v DSabmhp¶Xpw AhcpsS CjvSm\pkcWw AXv kz´w Bhiy¯ns\Sp ¡pItbm, apkvenwIÄ¡v Zm\amtbm, hnet¡m \ÂImhp¶XpamWv. H¶ne[nIw arK§sf Adp¡pt¼mÄ Hmtcm arK¯n \n¶pw AÂ]w Zm\w sNbvXncn¡Ww. H¶n \n¶v am{Xw Zm\w sNbvXm aXnbmhnÃ. c£nXmsh ¶m Nnehv sImSp¡Â \nÀ_Ôambhs\¶mWv hnh£.

kp¶¯pIÄ

Ggmw Znhkw BZyw t]cnSpI, (]n¶oSv) kqtcymZb kab¯v AJoJx Adp¡pI, tijw apSn IfbpI. Ip«nbpsS t]cv ]dbªv CXv Ahsâ AJoJbmWv; \o kzoIcnt¡Wta F¶ {]mÀY\tbmsS _nkvan sNmÃn Adp¡pI, Adhpkab¯v arKs¯ Jn_ve¡`napJambn InS¯pI, Adp¡p¶hÀ Jn_vebnte¡v Xncnªp \n¡pI, a[pcw tNÀ¯v thhn¡pI, FÃv s]m«n¡msX amwkw kÔnIfn \n¶v thÀs¸Sp¯nsbSp¡pI. hes¯ sIm dpIv {]kh kp{iqj¡v \n¡p¶ kv{Xo¡v thhn¡msX \ÂIpI. aäpÅ amwkw thhn¨v km[p¡Ä¡v F¯n¨v sImSp¡pI XpS§nbh kp¶¯mWv (Xplv^ 9/372).