Biqdm¸mbkhpw kpdpabpw

km[mcW KXnbn `£W¯n AXoh anXXzamWv ]ment¡­Xv. kÖ\§fpsS coXn AXmWv. F¶m AXnYn k¡mcthfbnepw s]cp¶mÄ Zn\¯nepw BiqdmAv Zn\¯nepw kp`n£X kp¶¯m¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXnYnbptSbpw B{inXcptSbpw a\xk´pjvSn IW¡nseSp¯mWnXv(Akv\ aXzmen_v:1/574, iÀhm\o:9/397). AXnYn k¡mc¯n\pw hntij Zn\§fn B{inXÀ¡v hnimeX sN¿m\pw th­n `£Ww hn]peam¡Â kp¶¯p Xs¶. AÃm¯t¸mÄ hn]peam¡mXncn¡emWv kp¶¯v. Camw AlvaZv A apkÖZv(d) Xsâ D_m_n Xpd¶p ]dªXmWnXv (XÀiolv:327).

kp`n£amb `£Ww thWsa¶ÃmsX GXv C\¯nÂs¸«XmIWsa¶v ]WvVnX·mÀ \nÀWbn¨p ]dªn«nÃ. AXn\mÂ, a[pcapÅXpw CÃm¯Xpw amwkw DÄs¸Sp¶Xpw DÄs¸Sm¯Xpamb GXpXcw `£Whpw BiqdmAv Zn\¯n BImw. ]mbkhpw CXnÂs¸Sp¶p. F¶ÃmsX, BiqdmAv Zn\hpw ]mbkhpambn {]tXyI Xc¯nepÅ aäp _Ô§sfm¶panÃ.

Biqdm ]mbkw F¶ t]cn \S¯nt¸mcp¶Xv A\mNmcamsW¶pw \_n(kz)tbm kzlm_nItfm atäm CXv sNbvXncp¶nsöpw ]mbkw thWsa¶v \nÀt±in¡p¶ lZokpIÄ hymPamsW¶pw Camw ssk\p±o³ aJvZqw(d) ]dªn«p­v(CÀimZp C_mZv:77). AÂap\mho ^o iÀlpÈamC F¶ {KÙ¯nepw C{]Imcw Ds­¶v iÀhm\o: 3/455epw XÀiolv: 170epw ImWmw. kzlolmb lZokpIsfm¶pw Biqdm ]mbk¯n\v A\pIqeambn Csöpw CXv kp¶¯msW¶v apkvenw t\Xm¡fmcpw ]dªn«nsöpw Camw DPvlqcn(d)bpsS tNmZy¯n\p¯cambn lZokv, ^nJvlv ]WvVnX·mÀ ]dªXmbn AssÈJv AZho(d)bpsS \^lmXp¶_hn¿xbnepw CB\¯v: 2/266, 267epw h¶n«p­v. Biqdm ]mbkw ]mSnsömtWm CXn\ÀYw?

BiqdmAv Zn\¯n ]mbkw ]mNIw sNbvXv `£n¡pItbm hnXcWw \S¯pItbm sN¿p¶Xns\ ta¸dª CamapIÄ XSbp¶nsöv \njv]£ambn hnebncp¯nbm t_m²ys¸Spw. F¶mÂ, ]mbk¯n\v aäp `£Wt¯¡mÄ {]m[m\yaps­¶pw AXn\v {]tXyIw ]pWyaps­ ¶pw [cn¨psIm­v sN¿Â A\mNmcamWv. A§s\sbmcp {]tXyIXbpw ]mbk¯n\nÃ. ]mbk¯nsâ {]m[m\yw \_n(kz)bpw kzlm_¯pw CamapIfpw FSp¯p ]dsª¶v ImWn¡p¶ D²cWnIsfÃmw hymPtcJIfmWv.

Camw C_v\p lmÖv(d) ]dbp¶p. BiqdmAv Zn\¯n `mcyma¡Ä¡pw IpSpw_¡mÀ¡pw A\mY, AKXnIÄ¡pw IqSpX `£Ww \ÂIepw A[nIw Nnehgn¡epw kp¶¯p Xs¶. F ¶mÂ, km[n¡m¯ kwKXnIÄ¡v InWªv {iant¡­XnÃ. kzZJxbpw aäp kXvIÀ½§fpw C_mZ¯pIfpw hÀ²n¸n¨psIm­mWv ke^pÊzmenlo§Ä C¯cw kpZn\§sf kzmKXw sN bvXXv. AhÀ Xoäbv¡v AanX {]m[m\yw \ÂIn s\t«m«w HmSnbnÃ. tImgnbdhnepw ]mbk¯n epw hym]rXcmbn BiqdmCsâ Bcm[\mhkc§Ä ]mgm¡pIbpw ZpÀhn\ntbmKw \S¯pIbpw sN¿p¶hcpsS Imcyw ZpJxIcamWv(A aZvJÂ:1/283, A¯ÀKo_p h¯Àlo_nsâ hymJym \w:2/116).

BiqdmAv Zn\¯n IpSpw_§Ä¡pw aäpw `£Ww hnimeX sN¿Â {]tXyIw ]pWyapÅXmsW¶pw AXphgn hÀjw apgph\pw t£aþþsFizcyap­mIpsa¶pw hnhcn¡p¶ kzoImcytbmKyamb lZokpIfpsS hym]vXnbnÂ, A¶v \S¸pÅ ]mbkhnXcWhpw DÄs¸Sp¶p. a[pcaps­ t¶m {]tXyI [m\y§fS§nbXmsWt¶m ]cnKWn¨Ã Cu hn[n. `£W§fpsS Iq«¯n ]m bkw A\yasö ho£W¯n am{XamWv ]mbkhnXcWw kp¶¯mIp¶Xv. CXmWv C_v\p lPÀ AÂsslXan(d) hyàam¡nbXv (A APvhn_:50,51).

Npcp¡¯nÂ, BiqdmAv Zn\¯n [mcmfw IÀ½m\pjvTm\§fp­v. AXn Hcn\amWv kp`n£amb `£Wap­m¡n _Ôp¡Ä¡pw ]mhs¸«hÀ¡pw \ÂIÂ. `£Ww GXpamImw. Ahbnsem¶mWv ]mbkw. AXÃmsX ]mbk¯n\v {]tXyI Øm\sam¶pw CkvemanenÃ. AXpt]mse, ]mbkw ]mSnsö \nbahpanÃ.

]mbk¯nsâ DÛhw

temIw apgps¡ hym]n¨ {]fb¯n \n¶v c£s¸Sm³ \qlv \_n(A)bpw A\pbmbnIfpw I¸en Ibdn. Bdp amkw AhÀ I¸en Nnehgn¨p. Hcp aplÀdw ]¯n\mWv {]fbw HSp§pIbpw I¸Â Icbv¡Sp¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv. I¸enepÅhÀ¡v A¶v t\m¼mbncp¶p. t\m¼v apdn¡m³ `£Ww thWw. ]t£, I¸en IcpXnb `£y[m\y§sfÃmw XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. HSphnÂ, [m\y¨m¡pIfn Ahtijn¨h Hs¶m¶mbn AhÀ IpSªn«p. tKmX¼v, ISe, ]bÀ XpS§nb GgpXcw [m\y§Ä A¸m¸w D­mbncp¶p. FÃmw IqSn Hcpan¨v ]m{X¯nen«v _nkvan sNmÃns¡m­v \qlv \_n(A) ]mNIw sNbvXp. \qlv \_n(A)bpsS _dI¯v aqew FÃmhÀ¡pw AXv XnIªp. temI¯v BZyambp­mb ]mbkw AXmbncp¶p. {]fb¯n\ptijw `qapJ¯v BZyw D­m¡nb `£Ww A§s\ ]mbkambn¯oÀ¶p. AsXmcp aplÀdw ]¯n\mbncp¶p. CXmImw "Biqdm¸mbk'¯nsâ DÛhw (XJvcodp CB\¯v:2/267).

Biqdm kpdpa

BiqdmAv Zn\hpambn kpdpasb _Ôn¸n¨ Nne tcJIÄ ImWmw. lZokpIsf¶ t]cnednbs¸Sp¶ B {]kvXmh\IÄ lZoksöpw, \_n(kz)bpsS t]cn sI«n¨a¨p­m¡nb hymP IYIfmsW¶pw ]WvVnX·mÀ ]dbp¶p. "B hymP tcJIsfm¶pw kXyhpambn _ÔapÅXsÃ'¶v Camw C_v\p dP_v(d) ]dªXmbn Camw C_v\p lPÀ(d) A APvhn_xbn (t]Pv 50,51) ]dbp¶p. ""BiqdmAv Zn\¯n kpdpabnSWsa¶v ]dbp¶ FÃm "lZokpIfpw' IÅ·mÀ \_n(kz)bpsS t]cn sh¨psI«nbXmWv (\_n(kz) ]dªXÃ)'' F¶v Camw ssk\p±o³ aJvZqw(d) Kuch]qÀÆw tcJs¸Sp¯nbXv ^Xvlp apCu³:203 ImWmw.

""Hcp aplÀdw ]¯n\v IÀ_embn Camw lpssk³(d) sImÃs¸«t¸mÄ kt´mjw {]ISn¸n¡p¶Xn\mbn alm\hÀIfpsS càw sIm­v sImebmfnIÄ kpdpabnSp¶Xpt]mse I®nem¡n. Cu ZpjvS {]hr¯ntbmSpÅ A\pIcWambnt¸mIpw BiqdmCse {]tXyI kpdpa. AXn\m AXv Idml¯msW¶v Nne {]KÛ ]WvVnXÀ ]dbp¶p. kpdpa Dt]£n¡Â aplÀdw ]¯n\v \nÀ_ÔamsW¶p t]mepw aäp NneÀ¡v A`n{]mbap­v.'' ""BiqdmC\v kpdpabn«m B hÀjw Ah\v sN¦®v hcnà F¶v \_n(kz) ]dªXmbn {]Ncn¸n¡p¶Xv IfhmWv. \_n(kz) A§s\ ]dªn«nÃ'' (CB\¯v:2/266, 267). ""lpssk³(d)sâ sImebmfnIfmWv BiqdmAv Zn\¯n kpdpabnS BhnjvIcn¨Xv. AXv ZpcmNmcamWv'' (iÀhm\o:3/455, XÀiolv:170).

ZpxJmNcWw ]mSnÃ

\_n(kz)bpsS ]u{X\pw ^mXzna(d)bpsS ]p{X\pamb Camw lpssk³(d) IÀ_ebn sImÃs¸«Xv aplÀdw ]¯n\mWv. AXnsâ t]cn dm^nfn¿x¡mÀ temI¯nsâ Nne `mK§fn Im«n¡q«p¶ t]¡q¯pIÄ \nch[nbmWv. N§e¡q«w sIm­v kz´w icoc¯n ASn¨v càw Hen¸n¨pw s\©neSn¨pw BÀ¯pIcbp¶Xv BiqdmAv Znhks¯ Hcp ]pWyIÀaambn AhÀ IcpXp¶p. F¶m CXv Ckvemw A\phZn¡p¶nÃ. Camw kpbqXzn(d) ]dbp¶p: hn]¯p­mbm AXv ad¨psh¡epw £abpw im´Xbpw \S¸nem¡pIbpamWv Ckvemw I¸n¡p¶Xv. HcmÄ acWs¸«Xnsâ t]cn ZpxJmNcWmÀYw Hcp Imcyhpw sN¿m³ aXw \nÀt±in¨n«nÃ. acWs¸«Xnsâ t]cn i_vZ¯n Icbp¶Xpw sh{]mfw ImWn¡p¶Xpw hsc Ckvemw \ntcm[n¨p. acWs¸«Xnsâ t]cn ZpxJw {]ISn¸n¡m³ ]mSnsöp Xs¶bmWv icoA¯v ]Tn¸n¡p¶Xv. aplÀdw ]¯n\v Camw lpssk³(d) sImÃs¸«Xnsâ t]cn ZpxJmNcWw \S¯p¶ dm^nfn¿x¡msc Camw C_v\p dP_v(d) hnaÀin¨Xv "A eXzmC^n'ep­v. {]hmNI·mcpsS h^mXn\p t]mepw ZpxJmNcWw \S¯m³ AÃmlpthm dkqtem A\phZn¡mXncns¡, {]hmNIcÃm¯hcpsS thÀ ]mSnsâ t]cn F´SnØm\¯n ZpxJmNcWw \S¯pw (AÂlmho en ^Xmhm: 1/298). Camw C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: "lpssk³(d) sImÃs¸«Xnsâ t]cn aplÀdw ]¯n\v ZpxJmNcWw \S¯nhcp¶ k{¼Zmbw ]ng¨ hn`mKamb dm^nfn¿x¡mcptSXmWv. AÃmlp Zpjn¸n¨ hn`mKamWXv. AhcpsS hnhctZmjw hfsc tamiambnt¸mbn'(A APvhn_:50,51). Camw C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: Cu temI¯p sh¨p sN¿p¶ Imcy§Ä hgn]ng¨Xmbn«pw Ah \ÃXmsW ¶p IcpXp¶hsc¸än kqd¯p Ilv^nse 104þþmw Bb¯n ]dªn«p­tÃm. Camw lpssk³(d) F¶hcpsS sImebpsS t]cn aplÀdw ]¯p tXmdpw ZpxJmNcWw \S¯p¶ dm^nfn¿x¡mcpsS {]hr¯n, Cu hIp¸n s]«XmWv (CXvlm^p Alven Ckvemw:287).

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