\mev ]hn{X amk§Ä

""\nÝbw, BImi`qanIfpsS krjvSnZn\¯n AÃmlphnsâ InXm_nse amk§fpsS F®w ]{´­mIp¶p. Ahbn \mse®w bp²w \ntcm[n¡s¸«hbmWv''(hnip² JpÀB³, Xu_: 36). ""ZpÂJAvZx, ZpÂlnÖx, aplÀdw, dP_v F¶nhbmWv taÂ]dbs¸« \mep amk§Ä''(X^vkoÀ Pemsse\nx 158).

\_n(kz)bpsS {]t_m[\¯nsâ BZyL«§fn taÂ]dª \mep amk§fnse t]mcm«§sf Ãmw \ntcm[n¡s¸«ncp¶p. ]n¶oSv Cu \nbaw ]n³hen¡s¸«psh¶pw bp²\ntcm[\w Ct¸mÄ \nehnensöpw Camapamcmb JXmZ(d), AXzmAv(d), kplvco(d), \hhn(d) apXembhÀ {]kvXmhn¨Xv hfsc {it²bamWv Iem³: 158). bp²w ]mSnsö \nbaw FSp¯pIfbs¸s«¦nepw {]kv XpX \mep amk§fpsS alXzw Ipdªn«nÃ. _m¡nbpÅ F«p amk§tf¡mÄ ]pWyhpw {]m[m\yhpw Cu \mep amk§Ä¡v C¶pap­v (\nlmb: 7/300).

hnip² ldan sh¨v A{Ia§tfm A\mhiy§tfm sN¿cpsX¶v Ckvemw ]Tn¸n¨p. Cu hnizm kw \_n(kz)bpsS Ime¯n\p ap¼v apivcn¡pIÄ¡pw D­mbncp¶p. taÂ]dª \mep amk§sfbpw A{Iaw ]mSnÃm¯ \mfpIfmbn AhÀ F®pIbp­mbn.

lnPvd F«mw hÀj¯n A_vZp ssJknsâ {]Xn\n[nIfmbn d_oA¯v tKm{X¡mÀ \_n(kz)sb kµÀin¡pIbpw \_n(kz) Ahsc kzoIcn¡pIbpw sNbvXt¸mÄ d_oA¯pImÀ ]dªp: ""AÃmlphnsâ {]hmNItc, bp²w ]mSnÃm¯ amk§fneÃmsX R§Ä¡v A§bpsS km¶n²y¯n hcm³ \nhr¯nbnÃ. ImcWw apfÀ tKm{X¯nse i{Xp¡Ä R§sf XSbp¶p....''(_pJmcn, apkvenw). kpZoÀLamb Hcp kw`h hnhcW¯n \n¶v AÂ]`mKamWv apIfn D²cn¨n«pÅXv. Camw apÃm Aen¿p JmZncn(d) {]kvXpX lZokns\ hymJym\n¨Xv ImWpI: ""aäp kµÀ`§fn {]hmNI k¶n[nbnte¡v hcm³ Ignbm¯Xn\v d_oA¯v tKm{X¡mÀ t_m[n¸n¨ ImcWw kvacWmÀlamWv. Pmlnen¿x Ime¯v P\§Ä ]ckv]cw \nc´camb bp²tImemle§Ä \S¯mdps­¦nepw, ]hn{Xamb \mep amk§fnÂ, amk§fpsS alXzhpw IAv_x kµÀiIcpsS kuIcy§fpw ]cnKWn¨v FÃmhn[ t]¡q¯pIfn \n¶pw sImehnfn, sImÅIfn \n¶pw AhÀ hn«p\n¡pambncp¶p. AXn\m sXcphoYnIfnepw hml\§fnepw `bw IqSmsX btYjvSw hnekm³ Cu \mep amk§fn (am{Xw) P\§Ä¡v ss[cyap­mIp¶p. aZo\bnte¡v hcp¶Xns\ XSÊs¸Sp¯p¶ apfÀ tKm{X¯nse A{IanIfpsS iey¯n \n¶v Cu \mep amk§fn d_oA¯pImÀ ]cn]qÀWambpw kpc£nXcmbncp¶p'' (anÀJmXv: 1/77). AÔImcbpK¯nse A{IanIÄ t]mepw \mep ]hn{X amk§sf BZcn¨ncp¶psh¶v CXn \n¶v {Kln¡mw.

\_n(kz) BKX\mhpIbpw CkvemanI XXz§Ä ]p\ÀÖ\n¡pIbpw sNbvX L«¯n Pmlnen¿x Imes¯ ]eXpw XÅn¡fsª¦nepw Cu \mep amk§fpsS {]m[m\yw XpSÀ¶pw AwKoIcn¨p. teJ\mcw`¯n ]dª Bb¯v CXn\p sXfnhmWv. ]n¶oSv ]e ImcW§fm bp²\ntcm[w am{Xw ZpÀºes¸Sp¯pIbp­mbn. F¶mÂ, Ipä§fpw A{Ia§fpw sNbvXm Cu \mep amk§fn {]tXyI in£bmWv.

A_²¯n (a\x]qÀÆaÃmsX) sIme]mXIw \S¯nt¸mbmÂ, a\x]qÀÆw sImes¸Sp¯nbXnsâ in£bnÃ. F¶mÂ, ""a¡bnse ldan sht¨m \mep hnip² amk§fntem ASp¯ _Ôphns\tbm A_²¯n sIme sNbvXm a\x]qÀÆw sIme sNbvXXnsâ hn[nbmWXn\pÅXv. CXv kzlm_nIfnse Hcp hn`mKw \S¸nem¡pIbpw aäpÅhÀ AwKoIcn¡pIbpw sNbvX k{¼ZmbamWv. a¡bnse ldansâbpw kz´w cà_Ôp¡fpsSbpw \mep amk§fpsSbpw ]hn{XX ]cnKWn¨v, Chbpambn sIme]mXIw _Ôs¸Sp¶Xns\ Kuch]qÀÆw XSbp¶Xn\mWv C§s\ hn[nbp­mbXv. aZo\bnse ldw, lÖn\v Clvdmw sNbvX kµÀ`w, dafm³, apeIpSn hgntbm hnhmlw hgntbm DÅ _Ôp F¶nhs¡m¶pw taÂ]dª hn[n _m[IaÃ'' (^Xvlp apCu³:439, Xplv^:8/451þþ453, \nlmb:7/300, 301).

sIme]mXIaÃm¯ aäp sXäpIÄ¡pw taÂ]dª \mep amk§fn IqSpX Kuchap­v. ""ldan sht¨m Clvdmansâ kµÀ`¯ntem sN¿p¶ sXäpIÄ¡v ITn\ in£bpÅXpt]mse, bp²w \ntcm[n¡s¸«ncp¶ \mep amk§fnse sXäpIÄ¡v aäpÅ F«p amk§tf¡mÄ IqSpX in£bp­v'' (Iem³: 158). taÂ]dª \mep amk§fn sN¿p¶ sXäpIÄ, aäp amk§tf¡mÄ F{Xtbm Cc«n in£mÀlamsW¶v Camw C_v\p Aºmkv(d) ]dªn«p­v (Camw Beqko(d)bpsS KmenbXp ahmCfv: 2/85). hnip² JpÀB³ Xs¶ ]dbp¶p: ""bp²w \ntcm[n¡s¸« \mep amk§fn \n§fpsS icoct¯mSv \n§Ä A{Iaw sN¿cpXv''(Xu_: 36). ""sXäpIÄ¡v ITn\ in£bpÅ amk§fmbXn\m Hcp sXäpw sN¿cpsX¶mWv ChnsS Dt±iyw'' (Pemsse\n:158).

sXäpIÄ hÀÖn¨m am{Xw t]mcm; \·IÄ hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw thWw. Camw Beqkn(d) ]dbp¶p: ""Cu \mep amk§fn sN¿p¶ \·IÄ¡v F{Xtbm aS§v {]Xn^eaps­¶v C_v\p Aºmkv(d) ]dªn«p­v'' (Kmenb¯v: 2/85).

kp¶¯mb {hXm\pjvTm\¯n\v Cu \mep amk§Ä Gähpw A\ptbmPyhpw D¯ahpamsW¶v CamapIÄ tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v. ""dafm³ amkw Ignªm aäp amk§fn sh¨v t\m¼n\v Gähpw t{ijvTambXv bp²w \ntcm[n¡s¸«ncp¶ \mep amk§fmWv'' (^Xvlp apCu³:204, \nlmb:3/205). ""hntij Zn\§fn t\ms¼Sp¡Â hfsc iànbmb kp¶¯mWv. A¯cw Zn\§Ä BgvNbnepw amk¯nepw hÀj¯nepw BhÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p­v. hÀj¯n Hcp XhW hoXw hcp¶Xv dafm³ Ignªm Ad^ Zn\hpw BiqdmAv Zn\hpw ZpÂlnÖ, aplÀdw amk§fnse BZys¯ ]¯v Zn\§fpamWv. bp²w \njn²am¡s¸«ncp¶ \mep amk§Ä apgph³ kp¶¯v t\m¼n\v kphÀ®mhkcw Xs¶bmWv. CsXÃmw AXnt{ijvTamb Zn\§fmWv. ZpÂlnÖ, aplÀdw, dP_v, iA_m³ F¶o \mep amk§fmWv hntij amk§Ä'' (ClvbmD Deqan±o³: 1/237). bp²w ldmam¡s¸«ncp¶ \mep amk§Ä apgph\pw t\ms¼Sp¡Â kp¶¯p Xs¶bmsW¶v Camw PpÀPm\n(d)bpw aäpw JWvVnXambn ]dªn«ps­¶v Camw C_v\plPÀ(d) iÀlp D_m_n hyàam¡n (iÀhm\o: 3/461). hntij amk§Ä apgph³ kp¶¯p t\m¼n\v kphÀ®mhkcamWv F¶p ]dbpt¼mÄ AXnÂs]« ZpÂlnÖbnse 10, 11, 12, 13 Znhk§Ä (_ens]cp¶mfpw A¿map¯ivcoJpw) Hgnhmt¡­XmWv. {]kvXpX Znhk§fnepw iÆm H¶n\pw (CuZp ^nXzvÀ) {hXm\pjvTm\w ldmamWv (Xplv^:3/417, \nlmb:3/173, ^Xvlp apCu³:204).

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