CkvemanIm[ym]\§Ä

(1) Bcm[\

\nÝbw Rm³ am{XamWv Cemlv. Rm\ÃmsX Hcmcm[y\nÃ. Fs¶ \n§fmcm[n¡pI. Fs¶ kvacn¡m³ th­n \nkvImcw \ne\nÀ¯pI (JpÀB³ 14/20). Bcm[\ AÃmlphn\v am{XamWv. a\pjy³ Ahsâ {kjvSmhn\v sN¿p¶ ]caamb IogvhW¡amWv Bcm[\. AÃmlphÃmsX aämcpw CXn\ÀlcÃ. Ckvemansâ Gähpw {][m\amb ASnØm\mibw Xs¶ CXmWv.

IÃn\pw Imªnc¯n\pw apÅn\pw apcSn\psams¡ Bcm[n¡p¶ a\pjyÀ hnhct¡Snsâ almKÀ¯¯nemWm]Xn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. ]mc¼cy¯nsâbpw ss]imNnI ZpÀt_m[\¯nsâbpw icotcÑbpsSbpw Ccpfn AÔcmbn¯oÀ¶hcmWv _ lpssZhmcm[\bpsS Ipcp¡neIs¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. Xm³ \«p­m¡p¶ ac¯nsâ Nnà sh«n sIm¯nbp­m¡p¶ hn{Kl¯n\pw Xm³ s]m«ns¨Sp¯ ]md¡Ãn XoÀ¯ in¸¯n\pw kÀ¸¯n\pw kÀ¸¡mhn\pw Kufn¡psams¡ Bcm[\bÀ¸n¡p¶hÀ F{X _p²nlo\amb thebmWv sN¿p¶Xv. Xs¶t¸mse Hcp a\pjy\mb tbiphns\bpw shÅn¡pcnins\bpw sXmgp¶hcpw hn{Klmcm[Isct¸mse Xs¶ hnhctZmjnIfs{X.

ssZh¯n\pw a\pjy\panSbn ]utcmlnXy¯nsâ aXnÂs¡«pItfm k\ymk¯nsâ am{´nI NcSpItfm CÃ. a\pjy³ {kjvSmhns\ Bcm[n¡p¶p. F¶pw FhnsSbpw X\n¡mcm[\bmImw. PohnX¯nsâ ]ptcmKXnt¡m sFlnI hnPb¯nt\m AsXXncÃ. kaql¯nse GXm\pw hyànIfpsS Ip¯Isbm¶paà Bcm[\. FÃm hnizmkn¡pw sNbvXp XoÀ¡m\pÅsXm¶mWv.

Gähpw {][m\ Bcm[\ \nkvImcamWv. A©p t\cs¯ \nÀWnX kab¯v FÃm hnizmknbpw AXv sNbvXp XoÀ¡Ww. hÀj¯nsemcp amkw {hXa\pjvTn¡pI, k¼¶À k¼¯nsâ \nÝnX iXam\w Zcn{ZÀ¡v sImSp¡pI. (kImXv), PohnX¯nsemcn¡se¦nepw hnip² a¡bn sN¶v lÖv IÀ½w \nÀÆln¡pI {][m\mcm[\IfnXmWv. ]t£, ChnsS Ahkm\n¡p¶nÃ. k¡Àanbmb kXyhnizmkn kZpt±iy]qÀÆw sN¿p¶ FÃm \·Ifpw Bcm[\ Xs¶. kplr¯nsâ apJ¯pt\m¡n ]p©ncn¡bpw IpSpw_s¯ t]mäm³ th­n A[zm\n¡epsaÃmw Bcm[\bmsW¶v Ckvemw ]Tn¸n¡p¶p. apkvenansâ PohnXw apgps¡ Bcm[\bmWv.

(2) kuµcyt_m[w

aew, aq{Xw, càw, OÀZn¨Xv, ihw, \mb, ]¶n XpS§nb amen\y§Ä idoc¯ntem tZl¯ntem BImsX kq£n¡Wsa¶pw Ah kv]Àin¨m IgpIn ip²n hcp¯Wsa¶pw A\pimkn¨psIm­v hr¯n¡pw ip²n¡pw AXnal¯mb Øm\amWv Ckvemw I¸n¨Xv. \nkvImcw XpS§nb Bcm[\IÄ¡nXp \nÀ_Ôw IqSnbmWv. apkvenw kZm hr¯nbpw ip²nbpapÅh\mbn¯ocm³ CXv ImcWambn¯ocp¶p.

imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb BtcmKyw kaql¯nse FÃm hyàn¡pw \ne\n¡Ww. icocc£ Dd¸phcpt¯­Xv hyànbpsS _m[yXbmbn Ckvemw ImWp¶p. {]PIfpsS Poh\pw kz¯pw kwc£n¡m³ `cWm[nImcnIsf NpaXetb¸n¡p¶ps­¦nepw hyàn Xsâ ISa \nÀhln¡p¶Xn hogvN hcp¯cpXv. "AÃmlp A\phZn¨ kuµcy§Ä¡v, Ah³ DXv]mZn¸n¨ \à Blmc§Ä¡v BcmWv hnet¡Às¸Sp¯p¶Xv. \_n, X§Ä tNmZn¡pI (JpÀB³ 32/7).

"\_o, X§Ä {]Jym]n¡pI. Fsâ \mY³ hne¡nbXv {]Xy£hpw ]tcm£hpamb t¾ÑXIsfbmWv' (JpÀB³). C¯cw kqà§fneqsS t]mjImlmc§fpw imcocnI hnIk\¯n\mhiyamb hn`h§fpw Bhiym\pkcWw Bhmsa¶pw aX¯nsâ t]cntem atäm Ah¡v hnet¡Às¸Sp¯n BtcmKys¯ l\n¨p IfbcpsX¶pamWv JpÀB³ ]Tn¸n¡p¶Xv.'

icoc¯nsâ BtcmKyhpw kuµcyhpw \ne\n¡m\mhiyamb At\Iw \nba§Ä Ckvemw A\pimkn¡p¶p. elcn D]tbmKw, hy`nNmcw, ihw Xn¶pI, t¾Ñ hkvXp¡Ä Blcn¡pI, \mb, ]¶n F¶nhbpsS amwkw `£n¡pI, AanXmlmcw XpS§nb Imcy§Ä Ckvemw IÀi\ambn \ntcm[n¨Xnsâ ]n¶n hyànbpsSbpw kaql¯nsâbpw BtcmKy kwc£Ww {][mt\m]m[nbmWv.

Ckvemw hn\bhpw emfnXyhpamWv. ]t£, icockuµcyw hÀ[n¸n¡p¶Xnt\m DSbmSIfnepw PohnXmhiy§fnepw [qÀ¯n\pw AanXhyb¯n\pw CSbmIm¯ hn[w hÀW sshhn[y§Ä hcp¯p¶Xnt\m Ckvemw FXncÃ. \_n(kz) ]dªp: "AÃmlp kuµcyhm\mWv. kuµcys¯ Ah³ CjvSs¸Sp¶p. Xsâ Zm k\v Xm³ \ÂInb A\p{Kl§fpsS e£W§Ä Ah\n ImWWsa¶mWv AÃmlp CjvSs¸Sp¶Xv.'

icoc kuµcyhpw BtcmKyhpw hÀ[n¸n¡m\mhiyamb hymbma apdIsf C kvemw t{]mÕmln¸n¨p. Ignhnsâ ]camh[n \n§Ä iànbmÀÖn¡pI, JpÀB³ I¸n¨p. k´m\§Ä¡v \o´hpw Gdpw ]Tn¸n¡pI. \_n \nÀt±in¨p. BtcmKyapÅ kaql¯nse \à Nn´bpw I­p]nSp¯§fpap­mIpIbpÅq F¶ ImcW¯m Xs¶ icoc¯nsâ BtcmKymhØ kwc£n¡m³ hyànsb Ckvemw \nÀ_Ôn¡p¶p.

(3) BZcw

a\pjy³ BZcWob krjvSnbmWv. a\pjysâ PmXntbm `mjtbm Cu BZc¯n\v XSÊaÃ. "a\pjys\ a\pjy\mbn ImWpI F¶ A[ym]\w temI¯n\v \ÂInbXv CkvemamIp¶p. Hcp ImcWhimepw a\pjys\ XcwXmgv¯pItbm A]am\s¸Sp¯pItbm sNbvXpIqSm. a\pjysâ Poh\pw A`nam\hpw kwc£n¡s¸SpI Xs¶ thWw. BZansâ k´m\§sf \mw BZcn¨p. ISenepw Icbnepw Ahsc \mw hln¨p. \à Blmc§Ä AhÀ¡v \mw \ÂIn. \mw krjvSn¨ aäp ]esc¡mfpw Ahsc \mw t{ijvTcm¡n' (JpÀB³ 17/17).

Cu BZcw a\pjyicoc¯n\pw Bßmhn\pw Ckvemw I¸n¡p¶p. A\ymbambn a\pjys\ A{Ian¡p¶Xpw sImes¸Sp¯p¶Xpw \nµn¡p¶Xpsams¡ a\pjy\v AÃmlp \ÂInb BZcWob Øm\s¯ AhKWn¡embmWv Ckvemw ImWp¶Xv.

(4) kaXzw

a\pjyÀ ]ckv]cw ktlmZc·mcmWv. Htc amXm]nXm¡fpsS a¡Ä. AhÀ¡nSbn sXm«pIqSmbvabpsS Du¡³ aXnÂs¡«pIÄ XoÀ¯ kaql§sfbpw kmaqlnI hyhØnXnIsfbpw Ckvemw \ncmIcn¡p¶p.

Abn¯hpw Xo­mbvabpw Øm]n¨v a\pjys\ X«pIfm¡n Xncn¨p, D¶X·mÀ¡pw ssIbq¡pÅhÀ¡pw Hcp hn`mKs¯ NqjWw sNbvXv XSn¨psImgp¡m\pÅ kmaqlnI kwhn[m\s¯ Ckvemw FXnÀ¯p. FÃmhn[ D¨\oNXz§fpw Akv]riyXIfpw Ckvemw \ntcm[n¨p. a\pjy amlmßyw ]ckv]cw AwKoIcn¡m\pw Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw am\yØm\w \ÂIn, AhchcpsS AhImi§Ä kwc£n¡m\pw Ckvemw ]Tn¸n¨p. "a\pjytc, \n§sf Hcp ]pcpj\n \n¶pw Hcp kv{Xobn \n¶pamWv ]S¨Xv. \n§sf hnhn[ tKm{X§fpw hwi§fpam¡nbXv \n§Ä ]ckv]cw Adnbm³ th­nbmWv. \n§fn IqSpX `àÀ Btcm AhcmWv AÃmlphn¦Â Gähpw D¯aÀ' (JpÀB³ 13/49).

CkvemanI kaql¯n FÃm AwK§fpw XpeycmWv. \nbahpw _m[yXIfpw FÃmhÀ¡pw XpeyamWv. FÃmhÀ¡pw \oXn Ckvemw Dd¸p hcp¯p¶p. A\oXnbpw A{Iahpw GXp `mK¯p \n¶mbmepw IÀi\ambn Ckvemw AXns\ t\cnSp¶p. \nba ewL\hpw [n¡mchpw Bcp ImWn¨mepw apJw t\m¡msX \S]Sn kzoIcn¡Wsa¶v Ckvemw A\pimkn¡p¶p. ]ckv]c kvt\l¯nsâbpw ka`mh\bpsSbpw ioXfÑmbbn kvt\lhpw klIcWhpambn ]ckv]c klmb¯neqsSbpw aaXbneqsSbpw sI«pd¸pÅ kmaqlnIm´co£w Dd¸phcp¯pIbmWv Ckvemw. "\n§Ä \·bnepw `ànbnepw ]ckv]cw klmbn¡pI. Xn·bnepw i{XpXbnepw klIcn¡cpXv' (JpÀB³ 2/5).

]ckv]c kmtlmZcy¯nsâ hnjb¯n kaqls¯ Ckvemw ImWp¶Xv Hcp icocs¯ t]msebmWv. "]ckv]c kvt\l ImcpWy¯n apkvenansâ D]a Hcp icocs¯ t]msebmWv. Xncp\_n ]dªp: "icoc¯nse HcwK¯n\v tcmKambm aäwK§Ä ]\n _m[n¨pw Dd¡samgn¨pw B tcmK¯n ]¦ptNcp¶p' (lZokv). kaqlmwK¯nse Hmtcm AwKhpw A]csâ kt´mj¯nepw ZpxJ¯nepw ]¦ptNcp¶p. ]ckv]c kvt\l¯nsâ iàamb ]miw Ahsc Hscmä icocam¡p¶p. IpSpw_¯nt\m hÀK hÀW§Ät¡m N{Ihmf§fpsS AIe¯nt\m cmPy§fpsS a\pjy \nÀanXamb AXnÀ¯nt¡m Cu kmtlmZcy¯n\v XSÊw krjvSn¡m\mhnÃ. hnizmkn FhnsSbmbmepw GXv cmPy¡mc\mbmepw Ah³ A]csâ ktlmZc\mWv. hnizamsI Hcp kaqlhpw IpSpw_hpambmWv Ckvemw ImWp¶Xv. C{X hnimeamb kmtlmZcy kn²m´hpw kaXz ho£Whpw atäsX¦nepw aX¯nt\m XXzimkv{X¯nt\m BhnjvIcn¡m³ Ignªn«nsöXv kXyamWv.

(5) kv{XoIÄ¡v _lpam\w

]pcpjs\ t]mse hnImchnNmc§fpw Nn´bpw ho£Whpw {]tXyI hyànXzhpapÅhcmWv kv{XoIfpw. kaql¯n AhÀ¡v BZcWob Øm\hpw AwKoImchpw In«Ww. Ckvemw IÀi\ambn \nÀtZin¡p¶p. s]¬Ip«n Ahe£Wambn IcpXp¶hcp­v. s]¬Ip«n Hcp i]ambn IcpXnbhcpw s]®ns\ ]nimNnsâ {]XoI§fmbn Nn{XoIcn¨hcpw kÀh hn]¯nsâbpw \mcmb thcpIfmWv kv{XoIsf¶p {]Jym]n¨hcpap­v.

Ckvemansâ BhnÀ`mh Ime¯v kv{Xo tIhew kptJm]IcWambmWv ]cnKWn¡s¸«ncp¶Xv. kz¯v ssIhiw sh¡mt\m A`n{]mbw tcJs¸Sp¯mt\m AhÄ ¡hImiap­mbncp¶nÃ. kz´w PohnXs¯ Ipdn¨v t]mepw AhfpsS A`n{]mbw ]cnKWn¨ncp¶nÃ. amXm]nXm¡fpsS kz¯n AhImiw e`n¨ncp¶nÃ. `À¯mhv F´v {IqcX {]hÀ¯n¨mepw AhfXv kln¡Wsa¶mbncp¶p \nbaw. ]e tKm{X¡mcpw s]¬Ip«nIsf Poht\msS Ipgn¨paqSnbncp¶p.

Ckvemw kv{XobpsS c£mIhNambn. "kv{XoIÄ ]pcpj·mcpsS ktlmZcnIÄ Xs¶bmWv.' {]hmNI³ {]Jym]n¨p. amXm]nXm¡fpsSbpw ktlmZc·mcpsSbpw a¡fpsSbpw k¼¯n kv{Xo¡v AhImiw t\Sns¡mSp¯p. kv{XobpsS `mhn Xocpam\n¡m³ AhÄ¡mW[nImcsa¶v Ckvemw {]Jym]n¨p. hnhmlthfbn s]®nsâ Xr]vXn ]cnKWn¡Wsa¶pw AhÄ¡v A`n{]mb¯n\v Ahkcw \ntj[n¡cpsX¶pw Ckvemw \nÀtZin¨p. s]mXpImcy§fn hsc A`n{]mbw {]ISn¸n¡m\pw kÀh hnÚm\hpw A`ykn¡m\pw Ckvemw kzmX{´yw \ÂIn. Xsâ ]cmXnIfpw {]iv\§fpw tImSXnbn D¶bn¡m\pw \oXn¡pth­n hmZn¡m\pw AhÄ¡hImiw \ÂIn. s]¬Ip«nIsf Ipgn¨paqSp¶ ImS³ k{¼Zmb¯ns\Xnsc {]hmNI³ kPohcwK¯nd§n. s]¬Ip«n Hc\p{KlamsW¶ Nn´ \_n  (kz) hfÀ¯nsbSp¯p.

]t£, Imcy§sfÃmw AXnsâ icnbmb hn[¯n am{Xw t\m¡n¡mWp¶ Ckvemw kzѵhnlmcnbmbn Bscbpw hn«n«nÃ. ]pcpj\pw ]e cwK¯pw Ckv emw \nb{´WtaÀs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v. kv{XobpsS imcocnI am\knI {]IrXnbpw tememhØbpsaÃmw ]cnKWn¨p sam¯w kaql¯nsâ ta[miàn ]pcpj\mWv AÃmlp \ÂInbXv. AXpsIm­pXs¶ kv{Xosb¡mÄ Hcp]Sn DbÀ¶ Øm\w Nne Imcy§fn ]pcpj\v Ckvemw hIsh¨psImSp¯n«p­v. kv{XobpsS ]qÀW kwc£W¨paXeIfpw ]pcpjs\bmtW¸n¨Xv. kv{Xo¡v AS§nsbmXp§n kzØXbpw kzmX{´yhpw A\p`hn¨v kpJkt´mj]qÀÆw Ignªp IqSm\mhiyamb \nba§fmWv Ckvemw A\pimkn¡p¶Xv.

(6) IpSpw_ cwKw

kaql¯nsâ ASnØm\LSIamWv IpSpw_w. AXpsIm­pXs¶ Hmtcm IpSpw_m´co£hpw kam[m\]qÀWhpw im´hpamIWw. Hcq Xc¯nepÅ A]kzc§fpw IpSpw_mwK§Ä¡nSbnep­mIcpXv. IpSpw_¯nsâ DZm¯hXvIcW¯n\mbn Ckvemw hfsc Kuch]qÀÆw \nba§fmhnjvIcn¨n«p­v. `mcym`ÀXr _Ô§Ä, amXm]nXm¡fpw k´m\§fpw X½nepÅ _m[yXIÄ, IpSpw_¯nse Hmtcm AwK¯n\papÅ AhImi§Ä FÃmw Ckvemw hkvXp\njvTambn \nÀhNn¨ncn¡p¶p. kvt\lw, ImcpWyw, hn«phogvN, ]ckv]cmZcw XpS§nb kpZrV]miz§fnemWv IpSpw_s¯ Ckvemw _Ôn¨ncn¡p¶Xv.

"\n§Ä¡v kzØX e`n¡m³ th­n \n§fn \n¶p Xs¶ \n§Ä¡v CWIfp­m¡nbXpw \n§Ä¡nSbn kvt\l ImcpWy§fp­m¡nbXpw  AÃmlphnsâ ZrjvSm´amWv' (JpÀB³ 21 þ30).

`mcym`ÀXr_Ô§fpw _m[yXIfpw NÀ¨ sNbvXv ka{Kamb \nbakwlnX AhXcn¸n¡pIbpw Hmtcmcp¯cpsSbpw AhImi§fpw IS¸mSpIfpw \nÀÆln¡pIbpw sNbvX tijw kpZrVamb IpSpw_PohnX¯n\v hn«phogvNbpsSbpw ImcpWy¯nsâbpw XWep­mIWsa¶p]tZin¨psIm­pw hnip² JpÀB³ ]dªp "AhtcmSv \n§Ä \à \ne¡v hÀ¯n¡pI.' "kv{Xo¡v ]pcpjt\mSpÅXpt]mse ]pcpj\v kv{XotbmSpap­v IS¸mSpIÄ.'

hnhmlnXcmIp¶tXmsS kv{XobpsS apgph³ kwc£W¨paXeIfpw ]pcpj\nemWv. kv{Xo¡mhiyab `£Ww, hkv{Xw, ]mÀ¸nSw aäp kuIcy§sfÃmw ]pcpj³ Hcp¡ns¡mSp¡Ww. kv{XobpsS hyàn]camb Imcy§fnepw AhfpsS k¼¯v ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xnepsams¡ AhÄ¡v ]qÀWmhImiap­v. X\n¡p e`nt¡­ B\pIqey§Ä \jvs¸SpItbm e`n¡mXncn¡pItbm sN¿pt¼mÄ `À¯mhns\Xnsc \nba\S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡m\pw Nne kmlNcy§fn `À¯mhns\ Dt]£n¡m\pw kv{Xo¡v AhImiap­v. C{X hn]peamb AhImi§Ä kv{Xokaql¯n\v asämcp aXhpw hIh¨psImSp¯n«nÃ. kv{Xo¡v kz¯hImitam A`n{]mb kzmX{´ytam \ÂIm¯ aX§fpw Cu cwK¯v Ahsc AhKWn¨p XÅp¶ {]Øm\§fpamWv temI¯pÅXv.

amXm]nXm¡fpw k´m\§fpw X½n At`Zyamb _ÔamWpÅXv. Hcn¡epw Aäpt]mIm¯ kvt\l hmÕey§fpsS I®nIfmWhÀ¡nSbnÂ. amXm]nXm¡sf AXy[nIw BZcn¡Wsa¶pw AhcpsS tkh\¯n\p a¡Ä kZm k¶²cmIWsa¶pw Ckvemw \nÀt±in¡p¶p. "Xs¶bÃmsX Bcm[n¡cpsX¶pw amXm]nXm¡Ä¡v KpWw sN¿Wsa¶pw \nsâ dºv hn[n¨ncn¡p¶p'(JpÀB³ 23/17). F\n¡pw \nsâ amXm]nXm¡Ä¡pw \o \µn sN¿pI.(14/31).

Xsâ \b\§Ä sIm­v amXm]nXm¡sf kvt\l]qÀÆw t\m¡n\n¡p¶Xv ]pWyIÀ½amsW¶v \_n(kz)X§Ä ]Tn¸n¡p¶p. k´m\§sf hfÀ¯p¶Xnepw AhÀ¡v kvt\lw ]IÀ¶psImSp¡p¶Xnepw {i²m]qÀÆapÅ ImÂsh¸pIÄ \S¯Wsa¶pw k´m\§fpsS hnPbm]Nb§fn amXm]nXm¡Ä¡v IqSn ]¦mfn¯aps­¶pw Ckvemw {]Jym]n¡p¶p. "kXyhnizmknIsf, \n§fpsS icocs¯bpw \n§fpsS IpSpw_s¯bpw \n§Ä \cI¯nÂ\n¶v Im¡pI' (JpÀB³ 6þ22).  Ip«nIsf \n§Ä kvt\ln¡pI, AhtcmSv IcpW ]men¡pI, AhtcmSv hÃXpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXm AXv \ndthäpI (lZokv).

`mcyamsct¸mse Xs¶ a¡fpsSbpw ]qÀW kwc£tWm¯chmZn¯w ]pcpj\mWv. k´m\§Ä¡v Blmcw, hkv{Xw, ]mÀ¸nSw, hnZym`ymkw, kÂKpW in£ Ww XpS§nb Imcy§Ä ]nXmhns\bmWnkvemw A[nImcs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xv.

(7) AbÂhmknIÄ

IpSpw_¯nepw kaql¯nepapÅ sFIyhpw sI«pd¸pw kwc£n¡m³ \à AbÂ]¡ _Ôap­mIWw. Ab¡mÀ Hcp IpSpw_s¯t¸mse IgnbWw. AbÂhmknIÄ X½nepÅ _m[yXIfpw Ckvemw \nÀhNn¨ncn¡p¶p. Hcp ImcWhimepw AbÂhmkn¡v t{Zmlta¸n¡cpXv. PmXntbm aXtam atäm t\m¡msX AbÂhmknsb kvt\ln¡Wsa¶mWv Ckvemansâ \nÀt±iw. Ab ÂhmknbpsS ZpxJ¯nepw kt´mj¯nepsaÃmw hnizmkn ]¦ptNcWw. Xsâho«nse kp`n£Xbpw kpJkuIcy§fpa\p`hn¨p Abes¯ ]«nWn InS¡p¶hs\ hnkvacn¡m³ hnizmkn¡p ]änÃ. "AbÂhmkn ]«nWn InS¡pt¼mÄ hbÀ \nd¨p®p¶h³ \½nÂs¸«h\Ã.' F¶ \_nhN\w {]kn²amWv. "AÃmlphnepw A´yZn\¯nepw hnizkn¡p¶hÀ AbÂhmkn¡v KpWw sN¿s« F¶v \_n(kz) AcpÄ sNbvXncn¡p¶p.

(8) cmjv{Sob ho£Ww

cmjv{Sob km¼¯nI kmwkvImcnI hnjb§sf¡pdn¨v Ckveman\v hkvXp\njvTamb XXz§fpw \ne]mSpIfpap­v. `cWw, \oXn \nÀhlWw, kmaqlnI kwkvIcWw, tZi kpc£nXXzw XpS§nb AJne hnjb§fnepw Ckveman\v {]tXyI ImgvN¸mSp­v. JpÀB³ ]dªp: Aam\XpIÄ (hnizknt¨Â¸n¡s¸«) hkvXp¡Ä AhbpsS DSaIÄ¡v G¸n¡pI. \n§Ä P\§Ä¡nSbn hn[n \S¸m¡pt¼mÄ \oXn]qÀÆw hn[n¡pI (58/4).

`cWImcy§Ä¡v t\XrXzw hln¡p¶hÀ D¯chmZnXz]qÀÆw Imcy§Ä ssI Imcyw sN¿Wsa¶pw X§fpsS apgph³ IÀ½§fpw tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ \mfn `cWm[nImcnIÄ hnNmcW t\cntS­nhcpsa¶pw Ckvemw ]Tn¸n¡p¶p. \oXn\njvTamb `cWw kwPmXamIm³ th­n Imcyt_m[hpw ]IzXbpapÅhcnÂ\n¶pw XncsªSp¡s¸Sp¶ kanXnbmWv `cWw I¿mtf­sX¶nkvemw \nÀt±in¡p¶p. GIm[n]Xy¯nt\m, tkzÑm[n]Xy¯nt\m Ip¯gnª P\m[n]Xy¯nt\m Iq«p\n¡msX XnI¨pw hyàhpw {]mtbmKnIhpamb Hcp P\m[n]cy hyhØnXnbmWv Ckvemw ImgvNsh¡p¶Xv.

(9) kwkvIcWw

kwkvIrX kaqlamWv CkvemantâXv. Ipä hmk\Ifpw AanXamb `uXnImkànbpw \njvImk\w sN¿s¸« lrZb¯nsâ DSabmWv apkvenw. a\pjyhÀK¯n\v {]Xy£tam ]tcm£tam Bb GXp \·bpw Ckvemw AwKoIcn¡p¶p. FÃm Xn·sbbpw Ckvemw \ncmIcn¡p¶p. Xn· \nÀamÀP\w Hcp \nÀ_Ô ISabmbn kaql¯nse FÃm hyànIsfbpw Ckvemw NpaXes¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. GXm\pw Bcm[\m IÀa§fpw BNmc§fpw sNbvXp Ignªm apkvenansâ D¯chmZnXzw Xocp¶nÃ. PohnX¯nsâ \nJne aWvUe§fnepw Ckveman\p X\Xmb ho£Whpw kao]\hpap­v. AXwKoIcn¡m³ apkvenw _m[yØ\mWv. kzImcyPohnX¯n aXs¯ HXp¡n s]mXpPohnXw X¶njvS{]Imcw \bn¡m³ Ckvemw A\phZn¡p¶nÃ. "ssZh¯n\pÅXv ssZh¯n\pw kokÀ¡pÅXv kok À¡pw' F¶ XXzw Ckvemw \ncmIcn¡p¶p. FÃm a\pjycpw ]qÀW \oXnbpsSbpw kXy¯nsâbpw hàm¡fmhpI. clkyambpw ]ckyambpw ]Ånbnepw A§mSnbnepw IpSnenepw sIm«mc¯nepsams¡ AÃmlphnsâ \nba§Ä ]men¡pI. Ckvemw \njvIÀjn¡p¶p.

Ckvemw GsX¦nepw {]tXyI ]cn[n¡pÅn HXp§n¡qSp¶nÃ. AXv hnimeamWv. FÃm `qJWvU§sfbpw ImeL«§sfbpw AXv DÄs¡mÅp¶p. Ckvemansâ {]NmcW {]hÀ¯\§fnepw {]t_m[\¯nepw X§fptSXmb ]¦v hln¡m³ FÃm apkvenapw _m[yØcmWv. {]t_m[\w Hcp \nÀ_Ô ISabmbn AÃmlp I¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. "\n§Ä Xn· I­m kz´w ssI sIm­v AXv XSbpI, AXn\v km[yamIm¯ ]£w \mhpsIm­pw AXn\p Ignªnsæn a\Êv sIm­v shSnbpI. AXmWv Gähpw ZpÀ_eamb hnizmkw.'

Xn·s¡Xnsc kZm Pm{KX ]peÀ¯pIbpw Xn· \nÀamÀP\¯n\v cwK¯nd§pIbpw sN¿p¶ hyàn Hcp almZuXyamWv \nÀhln¡p¶Xv. {]hmNIÀ `qanbn \nÀhln¨ ZuXyw. kaql kwkvIcWsa¶ bÚw. Xn·bpsS i{XphmWv apkvenw. Hcp \ne¡pÅ A\p`mhhpw Xn·tbmSv X\n¡p­mbn¡qSm. "A{IanItfmSv \n§Ä A\p`mhw ]peÀ¯cpXv. A§s\ A\p`mhw ]peÀ¯nbm \n §sf \cIw _m[n¡pw' (JpÀB³ 113/11).

(10) k¼¯v

AÃmlphnsâ A\p{KlamWv k¼¯v. _p²nbpw A[zm\hpw am{Xap­mbm AXv e`n¨psImÅWsa¶nÃ. AÃmlphnsâ Zm£nWyw IqSn thWw k¼¯v e`n¡m³. GsX¦nepw hn[¯n Iptd k¼mZn¡pI. AXv F§s\sb¦nepw Xpe¡pI F¶ AhØbmWv C¶pÅXv. CXv Ckvemw AwKoIcn¡p¶nÃ. kzImcy hyhØnXnbpw s]mXp hyhØnXnbpw Ckvemw AwKoIcn¡p¶p. ]t£, c­n \pw iàamb \nba§fp­v. AhnlnXambn ]eni, hy`nNmcw, Ifhv, tamjWw, h©\ XpS§nb amÀK§fneqsS [\w k¼mZn¡p¶Xpw A¯cw ZpÀhr¯nIfn Nnehgn¡p¶Xpw Ckvemw hne¡nbncn¡p¶p. "AÃmlp I¨hSw lemem¡nbncn¡p¶p. ]eni \njn²am¡nbncn¡p¶p' (JpÀB³ 2/275).

k¼¯v Hcp {]tXyI tI{µ¯n InS¶v Id§msX kaql¯nsâ sam¯w D]tbmK¯n\v e`yamIWw. Cu e£yw sh¨psIm­mWv k¼¯nsâ \nÝnX iXam\w kaql¯nse Zcn{Zhn`mK¯n\v \nÀ_Ô Zm\w sN¿Wsa¶v Ckvemw I¸n¨Xv. A\´cmhImiw, Zm\w, {]mbÝn¯w XpS§nb aäp amÀK§fpw k¼¯nsâ Hgp¡v Imcy£aam¡m³ th­n Ckvemw \nÀt±in¨ncn¡p¶p. Nnehgn¡msX k¼¯v Ip¶pIq«n sh¡p¶hsc Bt£]n¨p sIm­v JpÀB³ ]dªp; "AÃmlphnsâ amÀK¯n Nnehgn¡msX kzÀWhpw shÅnbpw kq£n¡p¶hÀ¡v ISp¯ in£ sIm­v kphntijw Adnbn¡pI' (JpÀB³ 9/34).

km¼¯nI cwKs¯ apgph³ CS]mSpIfpw ka{Kambn Ckvemw A]{KY\w \S¯nbn«p­v. At\Iw km¼¯nI hyhØIÄ Ip¯n¡pdn¨p­m¡n ]co£n¨v ]cmPbs¸« temI¯n\p ap¶n Hcp _Z hyhØnXnbmbn ]co£n¡m³ am{Xw ka{Khpw hnimehpamWv CkvemanI km¼¯nI imkv{Xw. IayqWnk¯nsâ XIÀ¨bpw tkmjyenk¯nsâ ]cmPbhpw CkvemanI km¼¯nI hyhØnXnbpsS {]kàn sXfnbn¡pIbmWv.

Ahiy \nÀhlW¯nepÅ hn`h kamlcWw apgph³ a\pjycpsSbpw auenImhImiambmWv Ckvemw ImWp¶Xv. sXmgn tXSm\pw A\phZ\obamb amÀK§fneqsS [\w k¼mZn¡m\pw Ckvemw \nÀt±in¡p¶p. "`qXe§fneqsS \n§Ä k©cn¡pI. AÃmlp(`qanbn \nt£]n¨)Blmc§Ä \n§Ä `pPn¡pI. AÃmlphnte¡mWv aS¡w  (JpÀB³ 67/15). "`qansb \mw a\pjy kapZmb¯n\v th­nbmWv Øm]n¨Xv' (JpÀB³ 55/10).

kaql¯nse A[xØnX Ahi hn`mK¯n\v k¼¶cpsS [\¯n \n¶v hnlnXw sImSp¡Wsa¶v Ckvemw A\pimkn¡p¶p. Ggp hn`mK¡msc klmbn¡Wsa¶v JpÀB³ t]scSp¯p ]dªv \nÀt±in¨ncn¡p¶p. "\nÝbw Zm\w \ÂtI­Xv AKXnIÄ¡pw km[p¡Ä¡pw, kImXv tiJcW¯n\v th­n kuP\y tkh\w sN¿p¶ HutZymKnI tkhIÀ¡pw, \hapkvenwIÄ¡pw, tamN\]{Xw FgpXs¸« ASnaIÄ, IS_m[yXbpÅhÀ, AÃmlphnsâ amÀK¯n kacw sN¿p¶ tbm²m¡Ä, bm{X¡mÀ F¶nhÀ¡mWv. C¡q«À¡v Zm\w \ÂI AÃmlphn \n¶pÅ \nÀ_Ô _m[yXbmWv' (JpÀB³ 9/60).

a\pjycpsS km¼¯nI {]iv\§Ä ]cnlcn¡pIbpw ]cm[o\XIÄ Ipd¡pIbpw kmaqlnI \oXn Dd¸phcp¯pIbpw k¼¶cn AÀ¸W at\m`mhhpw XymKioehpw hfÀ¯pIbpamWv CkvemanI km¼¯nI \bw sN¿p¶Xv. ssI ¡qen, ]qgv¯nsh¸v, sImÅem`w, ambw tNÀ¡Â XpS§nb km¼¯nI Ipä§Ä¡v iàamb in£bpw Xm¡oXpw \ÂIns¡m­v a\pjy\nse NqjWat\m`mhs¯ ]ngpsXdnbpIbmWnkvemw.

(11) \oXn\ymb hyhØ

kp`{Zamb kmaqlnIm´co£¯n\v kpØncamb \oXnhyhØ cmPy¯p­mIWw. a\pjy\nÀanX \nba§Ät¡m a\pjyIc§fpsS ssIIS¯epIÄ¡v ]m{Xamb \oXn imkv{X§Ät¡m \oXn \nÀhlW cwK¯v hnPbn¡m³ km[yaÃ. ssZh¯nsâ `qanbn ssZh¯nsâ \nba¯nt\ Ønc kz`mhhpw hnPbhpap­mhpIbpÅq.

IpähmfnIÄ in£n¡s¸SWw. \nc]cm[n Hcn¡epw in£n¡s¸ScpXv. kmaqlnI PohnX¯n\v lm\nIcamb FÃm Xn·IfpsSbpw thcdp¯pIfbWw. IpähmfnIsf in£n¡p¶Xn\p ]Icw Ahsc krjvSn¡p¶ kmlNcyw Hgnhm¡pIbmWv {]mtbmKnIsa¶v Ckvemw IcpXp¶p. sImÅ, sIme, elcn D]tbmKw, ]eni, hy`nNmcw XpS§nb Xn·IÄ \ntcm[n¨psIm­v IpäIrXy§Ä¡v Ahkcw \ÂImXncn¡pIbmWnkvemw.

IÀi\amb CkvemanI hne¡pIfpw kwkvIcW kwhn[m\§fpw ewLn¨v IpäIrXy§fpambn CW§nt¨À¶p Pohn¡p¶hsc AXn \n¶p ]n´ncn¸n¡¯¡ in£¡p hnt[bam¡n kaql¯n A¨S¡ ioew hfÀ¯pIbmWv CkvemanI \nbaw.

CkvemanI \nbaw FÃm AwK§Ä¡pw XpeyamWv. a\pjys\ t{KUpIfm¡n Xncn¨v \nba cwK¯v hnthN\w A\phZn¨pIqS. Hcp Xc¯nepÅ _mly CSs]SepIfpw \oXn \nÀhlW cwK¯v D­mbn¡qS. Ckvemw iàambn \nÀt±in¡p¶p. Hcp Ifhp tIknÂs¸« {]Xnsb c£n¡m³ th­n dkqÂ(kz)tbmSv in]mÀis¡¯nb injyt\mSv \_n(kz) ]dªp. "Fsâ ]p{Xn ^mXznabmsW¦nepw IÅsâ ssI Rm³ apdn¡pw.' {]hmNI ]p{Xn¡p t]mepw in£bn Cfthm {]tXyI B\pIqeytam Ckvemw \ÂInbnà F¶Xv {it²bamWv.

(12) PnlmZv

BZÀim[njvTnX aXamWv Ckvemw. GXv {]XnkÔn L«§fnepw BZÀiw DbÀ ¯n¸nSn¡m\pÅ [ocXbpw hyànXzhpw Ckvemansâ A\pbmbnIÄ¡p­mIWw. BZÀiw BcpsSsb¦nepw ap¶n ]Wbs¸Sp¯n `uXnI \ne\n¸n\v th­n {ian¡p¶Xv Im]SyambmWv Ckvemw ImWp¶Xv. Xsâ hnizmk¯nsâbpw BZÀi¯nsâbpw cmPy¯nsâbpw kwc£W¯n\pth­n XymKw sN¿m \pw A\nhmcyL«§fn Bbp[saSp¯v t]mcmSm\pw Ckvemw I¸n¡p¶p. A{Ia¯n\pw A\oXn¡psaXnscbpÅ t]mcm«amWv Ckvemw. A\oXntbmSpw AcpXmbvaItfmSpw sFIys¸Sm³ Ckveman\v km[n¡pIbnÃ. "Hä¡pw Iq«mbpw \n§Ä ]pds¸SpI. \n§fpsS k¼¯p sIm­pw icocw sIm­pw AÃmlphnsâ amÀK¯n \n§Ä kacw sN¿pI' (JpÀB³ 9/41).

im´nbpw kam[m\hpamWv Ckvemansâ e£yw. AXv Øm]n¡m³ Nnet¸mÄ A\nhmcyambn¯ocp¶ Hcp kmlkamWv bp²w. ]camh[n bp²hpw kwL«\hpw Hgnhm¡pI. AXÃmsX amÀKanÃmsX hcpt¼mÄ [ocambn t]mcmSpI. Ckvemansâ \bw AXmWv. "i{Xp¡Ä kam[m\¯n\p X¿mdmbm \n§fpw X¿mdmhpI. F¶n«v Imcy§Ä AÃmlpsh `cta¸n¡pI' (JpÀB³ 8/61).