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{]tXyI ^o

\_nZn\w

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tUm. Ckvemap lJv (inh{]Imiv)

Cybnse {]apJ lnp aX hnizmknbpw BNmcy\pamb tUmIvS kzman inhin kzcq]v almcmP Zmky Ckvemw aXw kzoIcn hm th{X {insSp Ibpmbn. 1986 sabv ]n\mWv kw`hw. tUmIvS kzman IpSpw_ktaXamWv Ckvemw BtjnXv. XpSv Xm\pw `mcybpw ]p{Xnbpw bYm{Iaw Ckvemap lJv, JZoPm JmXq, Bbnjm lJv Fo ]pXnb \ma kzoIcnp. hnhcadn ]WvVnXcn Nne "IAv_mebn\v Imhmcs\ Inn. hn{Klmebn \nv.' F IhnX sImv {]XnIcnp. apkvenambno Ckvemap lJv Ctm Ckvemw aX {]t_m[\ {]h\fn apgpIn..

Xs Xmak e\mb t`m]men shp Atlhpambn knZv alvaqZv Aen \Snb Chyq "\bo Zpb' (DdpZp) honen {]knoIcnpIbpmbn. AXns hnh\amWv NphsS.

Ckvemw kzoIcn tijw Xmv FptXmpp?

Amlphns A]mcamb A\p{Klw. Ah Fs hnizmkns Aaqey kv \In A\p{Klnp. Ctm Rm temIs Ghpw henb hnPbnbpw ku`mKyhm\pamsWv a\nempp. hgntISns temIv Rms\mcp `Khm\mbncpp. shfnns Cu temIv Hcp a\pjy\mIm F\nv `mKyw knnncnpp.

\nbw XmfpsS IrXX m\mWv. almb Hcp A\p{KlamWnXv. CXn F{X A`nam\nmepw A[nIamIn. C\n \nfpsS ]gb t]cpw sXmgnepw kw_np Adnm sImmw.

Fs ]gb t]cv "salv (tbmKn) tUmIvS inhin kzcq]vPn almcmP Zmky [amNmcy At[min ]oTv' Fmbncpp. RfpsS Ipesmgn tbmKmk\amWv. CXn\mbn _{m_ F ev "_L' B{iaw Ft]cn henb Hcm{iaw Dmbncpp. t_mws_bnse aqev FnSpw Hcp B{iaw \Snbncpp. Zohme FnSmWv aqmas henb B{iaw \nesImncpXv. AXv slIvS ev ]WnXo Amcmjv{S \nehmcnep B{iaambncpp AXv. AhnsS Fp BfpIv D]tZi \IpI, AthmknIfmbn tNpI XpSnb tPmenbmWv F\npmbncpXv.

\nfpsS hnZym`ymks Ipdnp hfsc ]dptIpp. AXpkw_np Aw shfnw hoinbmepw.

{]mYanI hnZym`ymkw B{ian shpXsbmWv t\SnbXv. XpSp Cemlm_mZv bq\nthgvknnbn \nv saenkn Fw.F. ]qnbmn. ImTIv KpcpIpen \nv BNmc hnZym`ymkn _ncpZw t\Sn. tijw Cwnse HmIvkvt^mUv bq\nthgvknnbn \nv temIs ]v henb aXsf kw_n ]T\n tUmIvS Hm^v Unhn\nnbpw saenkn ]n.Fv.Un.bpw t\Sn. Cs\ Cc ]n.Fv.Un t\Snb tijw t]m]v t]m Bdmas W{]Imcw Cenbn t]mbn. AhnsS hnm\n shv {InkvXp aXw kzoIcnm\p kapmsbnepw Rm hgnbn. Ggv hyXykvX hnjbfn {]`mjW \Sm Fs Gnsp. B ss{IkvXh \Kcn Rm ]penb \ kao]\n BIrjvS\mbn t]m]v F\nv AhnSs Hm.F^v.Fw.kn.F.]n _lpaXnbpw ]ucXzhpw \In BZcnp. ]t, {InkvXpaXw Fs a\ns\bpw akvXnjvIsbpw Hcp\nepw Xr]vXnsSppXmbncpn. AXn\m sas Xmhfat\zjnpsImv Rm AhnsS hnp. XpSp Cybn hp.

Xm Ftm GXp IpSpw_]ccbn P\np.

1936 s^{_phcn cn\v bp.]n.bnse a[pc Pnbnse "_{_m' F ev Rm P\np. _m_m \m\Ins IpSpw_ ]ccbn s]Spp.

Xmv GsXmw `mjI ssIImcyw sNm Ignbpw. Chbn {]tXyI {]Xn]n GXnt\mSmWv.

GXmv ]{v `mjI hiapv. Cwojv, kwkvIrXw, {Kov, lo{_p, lnn, {]IrXnIv, ]men, tKmapJn, admTn, KpPdmn, DZp, Ad_n Fo `mjIfmWh. CXn Bdv `mjItfmSv {]tXyIm`napJyapv. AXn Cwojpw kwkvIrXhpw Ad_nbpw lnnbpw DZphpw tKmapJnbpw s]Spw.

sslh NnmKXnIsf ASpdnbmfmWtm Xm. ChnSs lnp apkvenwIsf `bsSppshv Xmv tXmpptm.

Cmnse lnp kapZmbw apkvenwIsf `bsSpn. ]t, hn \IfpsS tIZmcamb Ckvemans\ `bsSpp. Ckvemans B in apkvenwIfn am{XaWv \ne\npXv. Ckvemw \ndnsbpw cq]nsbpw XdhmSnsbpw IpSpw_nsbpw `mjbpsSbpw tZinsbpw A[nImcnsbpw m\nsbpw kmnI hebn \nv a\pjys\ tamNnnpIbpw ihpw imizXhpamb H cq]n hmsSppIbpw sNpp. GI\mb Amlphns apn am{Xw XeIp\nm ]Tnnpp. CXpImcWw Ah Ckvemans insbsmn BimIpecmWv. Ckvemw a\pjys\ Fm hmZfn \npw _\fn \npw kzX{\mpp. ImcWw Fm hmZhpw Hcp hnhmZamWv. Ckvemw \nhmZas{X.

h cmPyhpw Ckvemans \ne\nn\p `ojWn DbpXmbn Xm a\nempptm.

Ckvemw ihpw imizXhpamWv. AXns\ Hcp cmPyn\pw XImt\m Xf mt\m Ignbn. hnizmk Zu_eyw _m[n apkvenwIfpsS PohnXn \nv Ckvemw Nnetm A{]Xyamtbpw. ]t, `qapJv Hcp apkvensanepw PohnXns Bgfn abpsSbpw IrXXbpsSbpw kv]ncnv D smv lnPvdbpsSbpw \p{kznsbpw A\p`qXn Imp kqnp Imetmfw Ckvemw {]NcnpIbpw ImbvpIbpw ]pjvnpIbpw sNbvXpsImncnpw.

Ckvemw kzoIcnpXn\v apv htmgpw Ckvemans alXzw AwKoIcnncptm.

F\np temIs {][m\s ]v aXsf AhbpsS bYmY cq]n ]Tnm\p Ahkcw e`nncpp. AXpsImv kXyw Xpdp]dbpXn F\nv Hcnepw inp\ntnhnn. Fs kaImenIcn temIs {]apJcmb PKZvKpcp icmcmNmcy, cmwtKm]m jm hmse, ]pcnbnse icmcmNmcy, almaWvUteize kzman AJWvUm\nPn, Kpcp tKmhm _m_m kmln_v, tZiv apJv, _mXmsd, AS_ncmln hmPvt]bv, \m\m kmln_v tZivapJv, hnt\m_ `msh XpSnbh s]Spp.

BNmcy hnt\m`mhv FtmSv henb XmXv]cyhpw IcpWbpambncpp. 1981  Atlns B{iantev {]tXyI {]`mjW ]cn]mSnp thn Rm  Wnsncpp. at\Iw P\fpsS Iqn AhnsSshv ZmZm [am[nImcn, FtmSv bmZrnIambn Kuchap Hcp tNmZyw tNmZnp. "kzmanPn, Xm temIs apgph [fpw ]TnXmWtm. Chbn a\pjy\v Ghpw A\ptbmPyambn Xmv tXmp [w GXmWv? DS Rm adp]Sn ]dp: "Ckvemw'. Atm Ckvemw _\fpsS aXamsWmbncpp Atlns {]XnIcWw. Rm ]dp: _\fpsS [amWv kzmX{yw \IpI. apt kzmX{yfpsS hmXn Xpdpsh [w a\pjys\ Fstpambn hcnpapdppItb Dq. Cu `qanbn a\pjy\v Iptd Imeambn _\fpsS [amWv Bhiyw. Cu temIv Ahs\ hcnpapdpn ]ctemIv shv XpdphnSp [w. Acsamcp aXw Fs ZrjvSnbn CkvemamWv. Ckvemw am{XamWv.

hfsc [ocXbpsSbpw XtSnsbpw hmpIfmWv \n ]dXv. aXn\v hfsc {itbhpw kzoImcyhpamb sXfnhpIfmWv \n AhXcnnXv. CXv kzbw Ckvemans alXzn\v sXfnhmWv. C\n Xm Ckvemw ]pIpXntev \bn h kw`htam hnImctam Dsn AXw hniZoIcnm sImmw. Cs apkvenwIfpsS ZpxnXnbpw Zb\obmhbpw XmdnhpXmWtm. \m\mhip\npw lnphXvIcWns i_vZw DbpsImncnpp. Cu app\nd hgnbntev Cdnncnm\p ss[cyw Xmv Fs\ Dmbn.

hj \op\n Fs Zmlhpw At\zjWhpw Hcp kw`hns cq]w {]m]np km^eyaWnbpIbmbncpp. 1984 P\phcnbnemWmkw`hapmbXv. Hcp cm{Xn Rms\mcp kz]v\w Ip. Hcp henb P\qw Fs ]npScpIbmWv. Rm \nptm P\qhpw \npp. s]sv Ftm DSn Rm ssIIpn hoWpt]mbn. Hcp \nanjw. cv AmX Ic hv Fs ssI]nSnv Fgptnp. Rm B Innfp apJv Ipw \p\npIbmWv. F\nv A]cnNnXambncpp B apJw. Atm sXmSpp \npIbmbncp Hcm ]dp. CXv Ay{]hmNI\mb aplZv \_n(kz)bmW.v AtXmsS AhmNyamb Hch Fn Dfhmbn. AhnSpv ]dp: "Ienax sNmpI. AhnSv Fs In hnip Icw shpsImv Ienax ]dpXcnIbpw Rm\Xv DcphnSpIbpw sNbvXp. XpSv AhnSpv Fs BenwK\w sNbvXijw Cu Ienaxsb cmPyv {]NcnnpI Fp]tZinpsImv A{]Xyambn.

Cu kz]v\hpambn F{Xt\cw IgnpIqSn Fv F\ntmbn. IpXpdp kabw t\mnbtm cm{Xn aqp aWnbmbncpp. CXpt]mep kz]v\w CtXcm{Xn CtXkabw Fs `mcybpw Incpp. Cu bmZrnIXp tijw Rfn {]tXyIamsbmcmthiw IfnbmSn. BX{nIfn A\pcWfpbp. R kzbw Hmw \qmnse apkvenwIfmsWp a\nemn XpSn. ApapX, Ckvemans BZyImev \ne\nncp nXnhntijw Cu `qanbn hopw ]pep. ImWm\p A`nemjw a\n AebSnpXpSn. Cu ip`kqNIamb kz]v\tmsS `qanbn Ftm hensbmcp amapmIm t]mIpXmbn tXmnpSn. F{Xbpw thKw Hu]NmcnIambn Ienax sNmm\p B{Klw insp. AXn\nSbn cmPy tXmdpw IdpIbpw apkvenwIfpambn _w ]pepIbpw sNbvXpsImncpp. clkyambn \nkvImcw t]m ep Bcm[\m I A\pjvTnpIbpw sNbvXncpp. HSphn 1986 sabv ]v dafm Hns amkndhntbmsSmw R t`mmen shp Hu]NmcnIambn Ckvemw kzoIcnp. Rm Ckvemap lJv Fpw `mcy JZoPm _oKw Fpw ]p{Xn BCim lJv Fpw \maw kzoIcnp.

Cu t]cpI \n kzbw kzoIcnXmtWm, \n AXn kwXr]vXcmtWm?

C{X kpcamb \ma RfpsS XJvZodn hcpsav knpI t]mepw sNbvXncpn.

Ckvemw hmfv sImpw insImpw {]NcnpshmWtm s]mXpsh lnpfpsS hnizmkw. CXns\n Xm Fp]dbpp?

CXv ASnm\clnXamsWXn\v Pohnncnp sXfnhmWtm Rm. lnp s]mXpsh Ccw [mcW shp]peppshXv kXyamWv. apkvenamb tijw F\np {]apJ lnp ktlmZcmcn\nv IpIfpw {]XnIcWfpw hcppv. Ahv AhchcpsS `mjbn Xs adp]Snbpw Abppv. apkvenwIfpw Ccw {iaw \Snbncpsn F{X \mbncpp.

Xm [mcmfw aXsf ]n hmbnXmWtm. Ckvemam h aXfnepw Amlp, aplZv, Ckvemw XpSnb ]cmaifptm.

_paXnsbpw ssP\aXnsbpw Hgnv apgph [{Kfnepw Amlp, aplZv, Asn AlvaZv XpSnb ]cmai ImWppv. thZfn hfsc hyambn CXv ImWmw. NXpthZfn HmatXmb EtKzZnse BZyn Xs "Cem' F ]cmaiw ImWmw. AXv ]noSv Amlv Fm amdpp. AXpt]mse aplZns m\v almkvaZv Fpw AlvaZn\p ]Icw AlmkvaZv Fpw {]tbmKnsncnpp. EtKzZn JpBs\n Ip[mXp Fp {]tbmKnncnpp.

Xm efpsS [\hpw kpJPohnXhpw IsmgnpsImmWtm Ctmv ImseSppshXv. B PohnXnemtWm Xm kwXr]vXn ImWpXv, A Ctmtgm. Ctm \nfpsS D]Poh\ amKsav?

Cu A]mc A\p{Kln\papn temIs apgph A[nImcfpw AhKWnm Rm XmdmWv. Hcp km{amPyw IogSnbm t]mepw e`nm kwXr]vXnbpw kpjvSnbpw F\nv Cu PohnXn tXmpp. ]ns Rms\mcp BbpthZ tUmIvSdmWv. ]mcmssat{Imknw hgn amdmhym[nIsf ssZhm\p {Klw sImv Rm tkm]m[nI NnInbneqsS amnsmSppp. Imk XpSnb amcI tcmK CXphgn kpJsnpv. dns Ir] sImv \nXysNehv As\ Ignpt]mIpp.

XmfpsS ZrjvSnbn apkvenw Fs\bncnWw. Ah\v ]nb Hcp \nhN\samWv.

temssII Kpcphmb {]hmNIs\m apkvenwIsf \nhNnm BmWv IgnbpI. AhnSv ]dp. apkvenwI kzW t]msebmWv. AXns\ Xobnenv kwkvIcnp XamnsbSpm ]ns AXns AItm ]pdtm Agpv Ahtijnn. ]ns FhnsS FSppshmepw AXns Xnfw antmhpIbpan. asmcnSv tX\otbmSmWp]anXv. AXv kpchpw kpc`nehpamb ]pjv]fn am{Xta t]mbncnq. AgppIfn Ccnn. ]pjv]fn \np a[phmWXv kzoIcnpXv. hnja. AXpw Xpthnb, CXcpthn. a\pjy am{Xa ]dhIfpw Ppfpw hsc AXp]tbmKsSppIbpw BtcmKyhpw Bizmkhpw t\SpIbpw sNpp. tX\o a[p\pIcm ssaepI Xmn ]dpt]mIpp. AXv Ccnp sImn\p t]mdtepn. "apkvenwI BcpsS Icfn \npw \mhn\npw kpcnXcmtWm Ah\mWv apkvenw' FmWv thsdmcnSv dkq Xncpta\n(kz) \nhNnXv.

Ahkm\ambn Hp tNmZns. BZy\qmnse CkvemanI {]`mhw ChnsS ]pepImWm Xm Fsmw sNm\ptinpp. Fs\bmWXv.

hfsc \ tNmZyamWnXv. AlwZpenmlv. Ckvemans BZyIme {]`mhw `qanbn C\nbpw ]pep ImWWsa A`nemjw ssNX\y[\yamb F{Xtbm lrZbfnepv. kXyn BZy \qmv bpKfmbn apkvenw lrZbfn hocyap Hcp _oPambn HfnpInSpp. GXm\pw XmXv]cyfpsS adI am{Xta AXns ]pdpq. AXpamm Ignm kwKXn FfpamWv. CkvemanI hynXzp ChnsS Iftaim hnizmkhpw Icpp Iatijnbpw Icfpdpambn hnt[bXzns ]pXnb bpKn\p \mn IpdnpsImv cwKndtnhcpw. PohnXs AmsS Amlphnsbpw dkqensbpw kwXr]vXnp apn kantnhcpw. CXn\p Xmdmbm apkvenwIfn ]gb B hnizmk]camb hocyw XncnphcpXp ImWmw. AtXmsS ]cnkcamsI \IfpsS hnf\neambn amdpw.

CXn\mbn Rms\mcp aqhvsav cq]oIcnv cwKndm\ptinpp. Hmtcm apkvenansbpw PohnXns Bgfntev Cdnsv AhcpsS `uXnIhpw aX]chpamb {]iv\p ]cnlmcw IspIbpw apkvenwIsf apgph Hsmn \npIbpamWv eyw. Ctm Hcp aqn\ ]cn]mSnbpambn Rm cwKndnbnpv. Hv: Ckvemans kwcWhpw {]Xntcm[hpw. cv: apkvenwIsf `uXnIhpw aX]chpamb aqeyfn t_m[hmmcmpI. aqv: temIn\msI AhchcpsS `mjbn aXns ktiw FnpI.

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