kzq^nIsf hnaÀin¡p¶Xp ]Xnhm¡nb Nnesc ImWmw. _nZvA¯pImcmWv Ahcn Gdnb Iqdpw. A]ISw hcp¯p¶ Cu hnaÀi\s¯ ]cmaÀin¡sh fznbmD±o³(d) FgpXp¶Xp ImWpI: ""XzcoJXnsâ kXykÔ·mcmb \mbI·msc hnaÀin¡p¶Xp hn\miIchpw s]Sp¶s\ sImÃp¶ hnjhpamIp¶p. CÆn jb¯n ISp¯ Xm¡oXp hn¶n«p­v. Im^ndmbn N¯pt]mIm³ CXp ImcWamIpw. AhnthInIfmb Nne ]¬VnXthj[mcnIÄ hnaÀi\w sXmgnem¡nbXmbn A_vZp K\n¿p¶m_Âkn(d) ]dªncn¡p¶p. Zo\ns\ `uXnI XmÂ]cy¯n\p NqjWw sN¿p¶ A[a·mcmIp¶p ChÀ'' (PmanDÂDkzqÂ: 272).

kzq^ohnaÀi\¯nsâ At¸mkvXe\mbncp¶p C_v\p Xbvan¿: F¶p ]¬VnX·mÀ ]dbp¶p. At±l¯nsâ hnaÀi\§Ä FSp¯p²cn¨v Camw C_v\p lPdnÂlbvXan(d) adp]Sn ]dªXmbn ImWmw. C_v\p Xbvan¿bpsS \ne]mSp a\Ênem¡m³ ^Xmh lZokn¿: t]Pv: 83, 84, 85 D]Icn¡pw.

Cu hnjb¯n Xbvan¿bpsS XpSÀ¨  ]p¯³ hmZnIÄ Im¯p kq£n¨phcp¶p. AhÀ C¡mcy¯n s\Ãpw ]Xncpw H¶m¡n Bib¡pg¸ap­m¡p¶p. FÃmhscbpw XÅp¶ A_²amWv ChÀ sN¿p¶Xv. IÅt\m«nd§nbm \à t\m«p IqSn Hgnhm¡Wsa¶p ]dbp¶, Fensb ]nSn¡m³ CÃw Xs¶ NpSW sa¶p iTn¡p¶ _p²nlo\amb \ne]mSmWnXv.

ibvJpÂCkvemw A aJvkqan(d) ]dbp¶p: ""kzq^n¿Xnsâ hm¡pIfpw {]hr ¯nIfpw \¶mbn ]cntim[n¨p Ah InXm_vþkp¶¯vþCPvamAv ]qÀhnI Ncy F¶nh¡v FXncmsW¶p t_m[ys¸«m AÃmsX hnaÀin¡m³ BÀ¡pw AhImianÃ'' (PmanD DkzqÂ: 273).

Camw dwen(d) ]dbp¶p: ""aqV\pw hnhcw sI«h\paÃmsX kXyhm·mcmb kzq ^n¿¯nsâ s]mcpfpIsf hnaÀin¡pIbnÃ''(lbid: 274).

hnaÀi\¯nsâ AIs¸mcpÄ

^Jolnsâ ZuXyw CkvemanI icoAXnsâ _mlycq]s¯ ]cnc£n¡emIp¶p. CXnÃmsX t]mbm Zo³ Xs¶ A{]kàamIpw. _mlyamb idCu \nba¯n\p hncp²amb \o¡§Ä FhnsS\n¶p­mbmepw ^Jolv DWcpIbpw AXns\Xnsc cwK¯p hcnIbpw thWw. Cu hkvXpX \ncmIcn¡p¶hÀ CkvemanI icoAXns\ AhaXn¡p¶hcmIp¶p. 

XzcoJXnsâ hnjb¯n hymP·mÀ ^Jolns\ {]Xn¡q«n \ndp¯p¶Xp Im Wmw. XzcoJXnsâ s]mcpÄ icoAXnsâ ]¬VnXÀ¡p a\Ênembnsö ZpÀ\ymbw hgn ChÀ X§fpsS IpX{´§Ä¡p adbnSpIbmWp sN¿p¶Xv. F¶m Cu Imcy¯n \mw a\Ênemt¡­Xp, icoAXnsâ kwc£W Imcy¯n ]¬VnX·mÀ hnaÀi\§sf `b¡cpsX¶pw FXnÀ¸pIÄ t\m¡cpsX¶pamWv. _mlyamb hnebncp¯en Xs¶ Xocpam\w {]Jym]n¡m³ AhÀ apXntc­Xpw ap t¶m«p htc­XpamWv. A§s\ sN¿p¶nS¯p X§fpsS al¯mb _m[yX AhÀ \nÀhln¡p¶Xmbn \mw IW¡m¡Ww. C¯csamcp kmlNcy¯n XkzÆp^nsâ hmàm¡Ä s]mXpP\ a[y¯n sXän[mcW ]c¯cpsX¶mWp \nbaw. kzq^nbpsS acymZsb¡pdn¨p ]cmaÀin¡sh Camw KÊmen(d) ]dbp¶Xp ImWpI: ""Hcp kzq^nbpsS acymZbn s]«XmWp kqN\mhm¡pIÄ Ipd¡epw kwkmc¯n AhyàXbpw sXän[mcWmP\Iamb ]Z§Ä shSnbepw'' (AÂAZ_p ^n±o³: 7).

Cu ISa sXän¡p¶nS¯p kzq^nsb Xs¶ ]¬VnX·mÀ¡p am\yambn hnaÀin¡mw. C_v\pAd_o X§fpsS hnaÀi\s¯¸än C_v\p lPdnÂlbvXan(d) ]dªXn \n¶pw C¡mcyw hyàamIpw. C_v\p Ad_n(d)sâ Nne ]cmaÀi§Ä _mlymÀY¯n idCu hncp²hpw sXän[mcWmP\IhpambXn\m A¯cw {]tbmK§Ä AS§nb {KÙ§Ä ]mcmbWw sN¿p¶Xp sXämsW¶p ISp¯ `mjbn Xs¶ ]dª Hcp ]¬VnXt\mSv Btcm tNmZn¨phs{X: "Xm¦Ä C§s\ hnaÀin¨m \msf ]ctemI¯v A§bpsS {]XntbmKn C_v\p Ad_o X§fmbn¯ocntÃ, AXp Xm¦Ä CjvSs¸Sptam?' F¶v. 

]¬VnXsâ adp]Sn CXmbncp¶p: ""AsX, F\n¡v AsXmcp {]iv\aÃ. ibvJhÀIÄ kXykÔ\msW¦n Fsâ hnaÀi\hpw AÃmlphn\p th­nbmsW¶v AhnSpt¯¡v Adnbpw. AXdnªm At±lw kt´mjn¡pIbmIpw sN¿pI. C\n At±lw t\cs¯ Xs¶ hymP\msW¦n hnPbw F\n¡msW¶p ]dtb­XpanÃtÃm. c­mbncp¶mepw Rm³ \nÀ`b\mWv. Nn´n¡pI, Cu ]¬VnX³ ]peÀ¯nb \njv]£X A]mcw Xs¶'' (^XmhÂlZokn¿: 40).

^Jolnsâ Cu BÀPhs¯ AwKoIcnt¡­XmWv. hnaÀi\w ASnØm\]c amIp¶nS¯v A_²w ]nWªm Xs¶bpw AsXmcp {]iv\asömWp \mw {Klnt¡­Xv. \nba{]ImcapÅ CPvXnlmZn sXäp]änbm {]Xn^e¯n\p hIp¸ps­¶p ]dªXpt]msebmWnXpw. Dt±i ip²n hnaÀi\s¯ ]cnip²am¡pw. AtXkabw \ncÀYIamb hnaÀi\w asäÃmänepsa¶t]mse C¡mcy¯nepw A]ISIcamWv. No¯ acW¯n\phsc AXp ImcWamIpw. C_v\plPdn lbvXan (d) ]dbp¶Xp ImWpI:

""kzq^o {]apJ·msc hnaÀin¡msX t\m¡Â AXymhiyamIp¶p. AhcpsS B [ymßÚm\§Ä \ap¡v D]Imcs¸«hbmWv. Ahsc kvt\ln¡p¶Xp ImcWambn A\p{Kl¯n\p ]m{XamIm³ km[n¡p¶XpamWv. AhcpsS AhØIÄ AhÀ¡p Xs¶ hnSp¶XmWp acymZ. ]£]mX]cambn hnaÀin¡m³ \n¶ ]eÀ ¡pw ]Zhn hn\jvSambXmWp \½psS A\p`hw. A¯c¡mÀ HSp¡w AXy´w thZ\mP\Iamb tcmK§Ä¡p ASnas¸«n«p­v'' (^XmhÂlZokn¿: 59).

a\Ênemt¡­ asämcp hkvXpX kzq^nIÄ icoAXnsâ ]¬VnX·msc hnaÀin¡p¶Xnsâ hn[nbmWv. BßÚm\nIÄ ]dªncn¡p¶Xv B hnaÀi\w ]mSnsömWv. XkzÆp^v kÀh hym]Iambn hcp¶Xpw hcp¯mhp¶XpaÃ. AtXkabw ^nJvlv FÃmhscbpw _m[n¡p¶ hnjbamWv. AXpsIm­p ^Jolns\ hnaÀin¡p¶nS¯p ^nJvln Ahnizmkw hcpw. AXp {]Xn^en¡pI km[mcW¡mc\nembncn¡pw. Cusbmcp hn]¯p ^Jolv kzq^nsb hnaÀin¡p¶nS¯p hcp¶nÃ. kXyhm\mb kzq^n¡p hnaÀi\§Ä DÄs¡mÅm\mIp¶Xpw km[mcW¡mc\n AXp {]Xn^e\w krjvSn¡m¯Xpw Xs¶ ImcWw. C¡mcyw AÂlnIansâ hymJym\¯n \n¶p {Kln¡mhp¶XmWv. C_mdXnsâ Bibw ImWpI: ""IÀaimkv{X¯nsâ hn[n kÀhhym]IamIp¶p. ImcWw AXnsâ e£yw Zo\nsâ \maw \ne\ndp¯epw {]ImitKm]pcw DbÀ¯n¡m«epw hN\§Ä {]Imin¸n¡epamWv. F¶m XkzÆp^nsâ XmXv]cyw GXm\pw {]tXyI¡mcn am{Xw HXp§p¶XmWv. AXv AÃmlphpambn ASna \S¯p¶ kzImcy hym]mcamWv. AXn\m Hcp ^Joln\p kzq^nsb hnaÀin¡mhp¶XmWv. Kzq ^n¡p ^Jolns\ hnaÀin¡m³ \ymbanÃ. Ckvemansâ \nba§fpsS Imcy¯n Ah³ ^nJvlnte¡p aS§nhcemWp \nÀ_Ôw. F¶p IcpXn lJoJXn sâ Imcy¯n aS§Wsa¶p \nbaanÃ'' (lnZmb: 32).