IW¡pw tPymXnimkv{Xhpw

dafzm\nsâ Bcw`¯n\v kzoIcnt¡­ am\ZWvU§sf Ipdn¨p Xs¶ C¶v XÀ¡w \ne \n¡pIbmWv. GXm\pw A¸Úm\nIfpsS hgn hn« {]hÀ¯\§Ä s]mXp P\§sf Bi¦bnem¡m³ am{Xw cq£ambncn¡p¶p. CkvemanI ico'A¯nsâ JWvUnXamb Xocpam\§Ä Nhäp sIm«bnsednªv IW¡pIÄ¡v ]n¶mse HmSp¶hÀ hfsc henb A\ÀY§fmWv krjvSn¨v sIm­ncn¡p¶Xv.

C_v\pssXan¿ Xs¶ ]dbp¶p: ""kzlolmb kp¶¯v sIm­pw kzlm_¯nsâ GtIm]\w sIm­pw Øncs¸« ImcyamWv \£{X IW¡pIsf Ahew_n¡m³ ]mSnà F¶Xv. CXn ktµlanÃ. Camw _pJmcn(d)bpsSbpw apkvenw(d)hnsâbpw lZokn C{]Imcw Øncs¸«n«p­v. \_n(kz) ]dªp; "\nÝbw \mw FgpXpItbm IW¡v Iq«pItbm sN¿m¯ kapZmbam Wv'. amk¸ndhn I­Xn\v th­n \n§Ä t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw A\pjvTn¡pI. N{µ¸ndhnbn IW¡hew_am¡p¶h³ ico'A¯n hgn sXänbh\mbXv t]mse Zo\n ]p¯\mib¡mc\pw  (ap_vXZn'Av) IqSnbmWv. tKmfimkv{X ]WvVnX·mÀ Xs¶ IW¡v Bkv]Zam¡n amk¸ndhn ZÀi\w IrXyamInsöv a\Ênem¡nbhcmWv. AhcpsS IW¡nsâ ]camh[n, þAXv icnbmbm Xs¶þ AkvXa\ kab¯v kqcysâbpw N{µsâbpw CSbn F{X Un{Kn AI¨bps­¶v {Kln¡emWv. ]t£, CXv sIm­mIs« ZÀi\¯nsâ Imcyw IrXyam¡m\mInÃ. Imc Ww t\m¡p¶hsâ ImgvNbpw Ah³ \n¡p¶ Øe¯nsâ hyXymkhpw A\pkcn¨v ZÀi\w hyXymkamIm³ \ymbap­v. CXp sIm­p Xs¶bmWv IW¡pImÀ Xs¶ ZÀi\¯n\v km[yamIpw hn[¯nepÅ kqcyN{µ AI¨ F{XbmsW¶Xn hfscb[nIw A`n{]mb`n¶Xbnse¯ns¸«Xv. AhcpsS ap³Ime t\Xm¡fmb _Xvzsseaqkv(tSmfan) t]msebpÅhÀ CXp kw_Ôambn H¶pw ]dªn«nÃ. IW¡v ASnØm\am¡n IrXyamsbmcp tcJ CXn\v CÃm¯XmWv ImcWw. ssZean XpS§nb AhcpsS Nne ]n¡me ]WvVnX·mcmWv CXpkw_Ôambn kwkmcn¨Xv. ico'A¯nsâ Iptd hn[nIÄ N{µt\mSv _Ôn¨v \n¡p¶Xmbn AhÀ I­t¸mÄ N{µ¸ndhn ZÀi\¯n\v IW¡ns\ Hcp IrXyamÀKam¡msa¶hÀ A`n{]mbs¸SpIbmbncp¶p. F¶m CXv t\sc sNmsÆbpÅ amÀKaÃ. CXn \n¶v A[nIhpw ]nghmWv. A\p`hhpw CXp Xs¶. N{µ³ ZÀin¡s¸Sptam CÃtbm F¶Xn hsc XÀ¡ap­mIp¶p. CXn\p ImcWw IW¡v sIm­v IrXyam¡m\mIms¯mcp Imcyw IW¡v sIm­hÀ IrXyam¡m³ {ian¨psh¶XmWv. At¸mÄ kXyamÀKw hn«v AhÀ ]ng¨pt]mbn'' (C_v\pssXan¿bpsS aPvaq'D ^Xmhm, 25/207, 208).

dafzm³ amk¯nsâ ]ndhnbmWv {hXw \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xnsâ am\ZWvUsa¶v JzpÀB³ kqNn¸n¡p¶p(AÂ_Jzd). AXpsIm­pXs¶ iÀ'Csâ \nba{]Imcw dafzm³ Øncs¸Sm¯ buapÈ¡nÂ(kwibZnhkw) {hXsaSp¡Â \njn²amsW ¶v \_n(kz) ]dbp¶p. dafzm\nsâ ØncoIcW¯n\v CkvemanI icoAXn hy àamb am\ZWvU§fp­v. i'Av_m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀWamhpItbm Ccp]¯n H¼Xn\v AkvXa\t¯msS amk¸ndhn ZÀin¨Xmbn \nbam\pkrXw Øncs¸SpItbm thWw. ASnØm\]cambn asämcp amÀKw CÆnjbIambn Ahew_n¡mhXsöv ]WvVnX·mÀ hniZoIcn¡p¶p. Cu hnjb¯n aZvl_nsâ ]WvVnX·mÀ GIm`n{]mb¡mcmWv.

JWvUnXamb ]WvVnXXocpam\s¯ adnIS¶psIm­v Ckvemanse Hcp 'C_mZ¯v Øn cs¸Sp¯p¶Xn\v tPymXnimkv{Xhpw IW¡psaÃmw Ahew_n¡s¸SWsa¶ hmZKXn Nne tImWpIfn \n¶v DbÀ¶p hcm³ XpS§nbn«p­v. Camw _Zv dp±o\p s'F\n(d) FgpXp¶p: ""imcn'Av(AÃmlphpw dkqepw) t\m¼ns\bpw aäpw N{µ ZÀi\t¯mSmWv _Ôn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. IW¡hew_am¡p¶Xn kapZmb¯n\v(D½¯n\v) hnjaap­mImXncn¡m\mWnXv.kapZmb¯n CXv Xs¶bmWv \ne\n¶v t]m¶Xpw. ]n¶oSv Hcp P\Xbn CsXÃmw Adnbp¶hcp­mbmepw CXn amäanÃ. \n§fpsS ta taLmhrXambm i'Av_m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀ¯nbm¡pI F¶ \_nhN\¯nsâ _mlyw Xs¶ IW¡v Xotc Ahew_n¨v IqsS¶mWv Ipdn¡p¶Xv. hÃt¸m gpw IW¡hew_n¡mambncp¶psh¦n IW¡dnbp¶htcmSv \n§Ä tNmZn¡pI F¶v \_n  (kz) ]dtb­nbncp¶p. F¶m Hcp hn`mKw IW¡pImcnte¡v aS§nbncn¡pIbmWv (]p¯³ {]Øm\¡mcmb) dm^nfzpIfmWv Cu hn`mKw. ke^pÊzmenlpIfpsS CPvam'Av(GtIm]\w) ChÀs¡Xncn tcJbmsW¶v Camw Jzmfzn 'Cbmfzv(d) {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. C_v\p_kzokz(d) ]dbp¶Xv CXv ASnØm\clnXamb aZvl_msW¶mWv. Cu hnÚm\¯n Bg¯nend§ns¨¶v ]T\w \S¯p¶Xv Xs¶ \nÝbw icoAXv hne¡nbn«p­v. ImcWw tKmfimkv{X IW¡v sIm­v tIhew A\pam\tam Dultam am{XamWv e`n¡p¶Xv. Ddt¸m anI¨ `mh\tbm e`n¡p¶nÃ'' ('DwZXp Jzmcn 10/286, 287).

CXpkw_Ôambn IÀaimkv{X ]WvVnX·mÀ F´v ]dbp¶psh¶v \ap¡v ]cntim[n¡mw. {][m\ im^n'Cu ]WvVnX\mb Camw dm^n'Cu(d) ]dbp¶p. ""dafzm\nsâ ØncoIcWw ta {]kvXmhn¨ c­v amÀK§fne[njvTnXamWv. tPymXnimkv{Xtam IW¡pItfm Cu hnjb¯n Ahew_n¡mhXÃ. {hXw Bcw`n¡p¶Xntem Ahkm\n¸n¡p¶Xntem {]kvXpX am\ZWvU§Ä A\pIcn¡s¸ScpsX¶v XlvZo_n hyàam¡nbn«p­v'' (iÀlp I_oÀ 6/266).

dm^n'Cu Camansâ ta hm¡pIÄ lm^nfzv C_v\plPÀ(d) C{]Imcw hniZoIcn¡p¶p. ""C_v\p 'DaÀ(d)hn \n¶v kzlolmbn h¶ lZokv dm^n'Cu(d) ]dªXn\v sXfnhmWv. \_n(kz) ]dªp; \mw IW¡pw Fgp¯panÃm¯ kaqlamWv. C_v\p 'Aºmkn(d) \n¶v A_qZmhqZv(d) \nthZ\w: \_n(kz) ]dªp: tPymXnimkv{X¯n \n¶pÅ hà hnÚm\hpw Bsc¦nepw IcØam¡p¶psh¦n bYmÀY¯n knlvdn \n¶pÅ Hcp imJbmWv Ah³ IcØam¡nbXv. 'DaÀ(d) \n¶v \nthZ\w: AhÀ ]dªp. tPymXnimkv{X¯n \n¶v  ISen epw Ccpfnepw \n§Ä amÀKZÀiIamIm\pXIp¶ Hcp ]cn[n hsc ]Tn¨psImÅpI. AXn  I hnªXv ths­¶v sh¡pI. lÀ_p IÀam\n(d) D²cn¨XmWnXv. C_v\p ZJzoJzn 'CuZv (d)sâ hm¡pIÄ ImWpI. t\m¼nsâ hnjb¯n IW¡pIÄ Ahew_n¡p¶Xv A\phZ\obasömWv Fsâ ]£w. IW¡pImÀ Nne kµÀ`§fn amk¸ndhn ImWp¶Xnsâ Ht¶m ct­m Znhk§Ä¡v ap¼v Xs¶ amkw ]nd¶Xmbn {]kvXmhn¡m\nSbp­v (Nnet¸mÄ adn¨pw). IW¡pIÄ Ahew_n¨pÅ C¯cw A`n{]mb {]IS\§Ä ]cnKWn¡pI \nan¯w AÃmlp k½Xw \ÂIm¯ Hcp ico'A¯nsâ \nÀamWamWv kw`hn¡pI. F¶m ZÀin¡m³ ]äpw hn[w N{µ³ DZn¨Xmbn IW¡psIm­v sXfnbpIbpw ]t£, ImÀtaL§Ä t]msebpÅh sIm­v ZÀi\ XSÊw D­mhpIbpw sNbvXpsh¶ncn¡s«. F¦n {hXm\pjvTm\w \nÀ_ÔamIm³ iÀ'Av \nÀt±in¨ ImcWw D­mbXv sIm­v {hXa\pjvTn¡Â \nÀ_ÔamsW¶mWv hcnI. Rm³ ]dbs«. ]t£, CXnsâ kzoImcyX N{µ\pZn¨psh¶v {]kvXmhn¨ hyànbpsS kXykÔXsb B{ibn¨p \n¡p¶XmWv. N{µ³ DZn¨Xmbn Xm³ ZÀin¡m¯ Imet¯mfw At±l¯nsâ {]kvXmh\ kXykÔamsW¶v Dd¸n¡m³ \ap¡v amÀKanÃ. IW¡pImc³ ZÀin¨n«nsöXmWtÃm bmYmÀYyw. At¸mÄ ]ns¶ At±l¯nsâ hm¡n\v bmsXmcp ]cnKW\bpanÃ'' (A¯ÂJokzp l_oÀ 2/178).

C_v\p 'DaÀ(d)hn \n¶v C_v\plPÀ(d) D²cn¨ ta lZokv Nne A¸Úm\nIfpsS ZpÀhymJym\¯n\v hnt[bambn«p­v. Fgp¯pw hmb\bpw IW¡pIfpsam¶pw AdnªpIqSm¯ hyànbmWv \_n(kz)sb¶pw AXn\memWv IW¡pIÄ \_n(kz) Ahew_n¡mXncp¶sX¶pw AhIÄ Adnbp¶hÀ¡v IW¡v Ahew_n¡p¶Xn hne¡v h¶n«nsöpw Cu hn`mKw hmZn¡p¶p.

\_n(kz)bpsS hm¡pIÄ km[mcW¡mÀ¡v t]mepw a\ÊnemIpw hn[w hyàambncns¡ ZpÀhymJym\¯n\v apXnÀ¶hÀ kz´w hnÍn¯w {]ISn¸n¡pI am{XamWv sN¿p¶Xv. lZokn \_n(kz)¡v Fgp¯pw hmb\bpw IW¡psam¶pw AdnªpIqsS¶v ]dbp¶nÃ. Fgp¯pw hmb\bpw Adnbm¯ HcpIq«w BfpIsf kwt_m[\ sNbvXt¸mgmWv \_n(kz) "C¶m D½Xp³ D½n¿Xp³' F¶ ]cmaÀ iw \S¯p¶Xv. `qcn]£w km[mcW¡mÀ \ndª Hcp kZÊns\ kwt_m[\w sN¿p¶ ]WvVnX³ \mw km[mcW¡mcmsW¶pw InXm_pw kp¶¯pw bYmhn[n a\Ênem¡m³ \ap¡v IgnhnÃm¯Xn\m ]WvVnXsc A\pIcn¡pItb \nÀhmlapÅqsh¶pw {]kvXpX kZÊnt\mSv ]dªm B hyàn H¶pw AdnªpIqSm¯h\msW¶v Is­¯p¶Xv ]pXpabpÅ hnÍn¯w  Xs¶bmWv.

Fgp¯v, hmb\, IW¡v XpS§n {]mcw`L«¯n \_n(kz)¡v \ÂIs¸Sm¯ FÃm Úm\§fpw k¼mZn¨Xn\v tijamWv \_n(kz) hnS]dªsX¶v Camw kpbqXzn(d) Xsâ A JkzmCkzp Ip_vd 1/195Â, ]WvVnX·mcn \n¶p²cn¨n«p­v.

XÂJokznsâ hniZoIcWw C{]Imcw {Kln¡mw: dafzm³ {hXw \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xnsâ am\ZWvUw dafzm³ ]nd¶Xmbn t_m[ys¸SemWv. CXn\v Ckvemw \nÀtZin¨ amÀK§Ä cs­®amWv. H¶v: i'Av_m³ ap¸Xv Znhkw ]qÀ¯nbmhpI. c­v: Ccp]¯nsbm¼Xnsâ kqcymkvXa\¯n\p tijw N{µ³ DZn¨Xmbn ZÀin¡pI.

Nt{µmZbw ZÀin¡msX IW¡pIÄ sIm­v N{µ\pZn¨Xmbn t_m[ys¸«m AXn\v ]cnKW\bnsöv kw£n]vXw. Xplv^bpsS hymJym\¯n _lp. iÀhm\n(d) FgpXp¶p: ""amk¸ndhn¡v aq¶v AhØIÄ AXnsâ ]WvVnX·mÀ {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. H¶v: Nt{µmZbw Dd¸mIp¶tXmsS ZÀin¡m³ km[yXbnsöpw Dd¸mhpI. c­v: Nt{µmZbw Dd¸mIp¶tXmsS ZÀi\hpw Dd¸mhpI. aq¶v: Nt{µmZbw Dd¸mIp¶tXmsS ZÀi\ km[yXbpÅXmbn sXfnbpI.

Cu aq¶hØIfnepw IW¡hew_n¨v IW¡pImc\v kz´w 'Aa sN¿msa¶ ^Xvh H¶v, aq¶v AhØIfn Nn´nt¡­Xp­v. F¶ncns¡ NneÀ Cu ^Xvh \ncp]m[nIw icnsh¨Xv BÝcyIcamWv. 'Dadp _kzcn(d) {]kvXmhn¨XmWv C ¡mcyw. {hXm\pjvTm\w \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xnsâ am\ZWvUambn \_n(kz) \nÝbn¨Xv N{µ ZÀi\amsW¶pw tIhew Nt{µmZbasöpw CXn\v \ymbambn dioZn(d) {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v'' (lminbXpÈÀhm\n 3/373 t\m¡pI).

At¸mÄ IW¡pImcsâ kz´w 'Aaen\v Xs¶ c­mas¯ AhØbn am{Xta IW¡v Ahew_n¨v IqSq F¶v hyàw. F¶m C¸dªXv Xs¶ Ah\v IW¡hew_n¨v t\m¼\pjvTn¡Â \nÀ_ÔamIpsa¶Ã; {]XypX t\m¼\pjvTn¡m³ A\phmZaps­¶p am{XamWv. buapÈ¡n t\m¼\pjvTn¡p¶ Ipäap­mhnsöv kw£n]vXw.

Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶p: (i'Av_m³ Ccp]s¯m¼Xnsâ kqcymkvXa\ kabw) ""ImÀ taLw aqSnb ImcWw N{µ³ ZÀin¡mXncn¡pt¼mÄ IW¡dnbp¶ hyàn¡v AXv B kv]Zam¡n 'Aa sN¿p¶Xn c­`n{]mbap­v. C_v\pkpssdPv(d) ]dbp¶Xv Ah\v t\m¼\pjvTn¡Â \nÀ_ÔamIpsa¶mWv. Hcp sXfnhnsâ ASnØm\¯n Ah³ dafzm³ amks¯ Adnªpsh¶XmWv ImcWw. F¶m C_v\pkpssdPv(d) AÃm¯hcpsS ]£w Ah³ t\m¼\pjvTnt¡­XnsömWv. ZÀi\a\pkcn¨v 'Aa sN¿m\ÃmsX \t½mSv BÚ CsöXmWv ImcWw. aqe{KÙIÀ¯mhv {]kvXmhn¨XmWv C¡mcyw'' (iÀlp apl±_v 6/276).

C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""tPymÕys\bpw IW¡pImcs\bpw A\pIcn¨v {hXa\pjvTn¡Â BÀ¡pw A\phZ\obaÃ. F¦nepw AhÀ c­p t]À¡pw AhcpsS Adnh\pkcn¨v 'Aa sN¿mhp¶XmWv. ]t£, dafzm³ {hX¯n\v {]kvXpX {hXw aXnbmInsöv am{Xw. C{]ImcamWv Camw \hhn(d) aPvaq'C hyàam¡nbn«pÅXv'' (Xplv^ 3/373).

aPvaq'Csâ hcnIÄ ImWpI: ""XZvhnjbIambn A©`n{]mb§fmWpÅXv. (1) IW¡pImc\pw tPymÕy\pw aäpÅhÀ¡pw tPymXnimkv{Xhpw IW¡pw Ahew_n¨v t\m¼\pjvTn¡Â \nÀ_ÔanÃ. F¦nepw AhÀ c­pt]À¡pw t\m¼\pjvTn¡mhp¶XmWv. (Ahsc A\pIcn¨v) aäpÅhÀ¡v t\m¼\pjvTn¨pIqSm.     F¶m AhÀ c­pt]À¡pw Xs¶ AhcpsS ^Àfzv hoSm³ {]kvXpX t\m¼v aXnbmIm¯XmIp¶p. CXmWv {]_eamb A`n{]mbw.

(2) AhÀ c­pt]À¡pw t\m¼\pjvTn¡mhp¶Xpw B t\m¼v AhcpsS ^Àfzn\v aXnbmIp¶XpamIp¶p.(3) IW¡pImc\v AXhew_am¡n t\m¼\pjvTn¡mhp¶Xpw tPymÕy\v t\m¼\pjvTn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XpamIp¶p.(4) AhÀ c­pt]À¡pw t\m¼\pjvTn¡mhp¶Xpw aäpÅhÀ¡v Ahsc A\pIcn¡mhp¶XpamIp¶p. (5) AhÀ c­pt]À¡pw kzbw t\m¼\pjvTn¡mhp¶Xpw aäpÅhÀ¡v IW¡pImcs\ am{Xw A\pIcn¡mhp¶Xpw tPymÕys\ A\pIcn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XpamIp¶p (A aPvaq'Av 6/280).

Cu A©`n{]mb§fn BZyt¯Xv am{Xw {]_ehpw _m¡nbpÅh ZpÀ_ehpamsW¶v hy àambn. C{Xbpw hniZoIcn¨Xn \n¶v Xmsg ]dbp¶ Imcy§Ä {Kmlyambn.

(1) tPymÕys\bpw IW¡pImcs\bpw HcmÄ¡pw A\pIcn¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. (2) AhÀ c­pt]À¡v Xs¶bpw kz´w Adnhv Bkv]Zam¡n {hXsaSp¡Â \nÀ_ÔanÃ. (3) {hXsaSp¡Â \nÀ_Ôansænepw AXv A\phZ\obamIp¶p. (4) A\phZ\obamb {hXa\pjvTn¡p¶Xv sIm­v am{Xw dafzm³ t\m¼nsâ ^Àfzv hoSp¶XÃ. (5) ^Àfzv hoSp¶nsænepw buapÈs¡¶ \ne¡v {hXsaSp¡Â ldmamIp¶nsöXmWv A\phZ\obamIpsa¶Xnsâ XmXv]cyw.(6) tPymÕys\bpw IW¡pImcs\bpw A\pIcn¨v {hXsaSp¡Â A\phZ\obamsW¶ hmZw ]WvVnXtemI¯v ZpÀ_eamIp¶p. (7) AhÀ c­pt]scbpw A\pIcn¨v aäpÅhÀ {hXsaSp¡epw Jzmfznbpw aäpw dafzm³ {]Jym]n¡epw \nÀ_ÔamsW¶ hmZw apkvenw temI¯n\\yamIp¶p.

Cu ]dªsXÃmw Xs¶ im^n'Cu aZvl_nse {]_e {KÙ§Ä Bkv]Zam¡nbmsW¦n aäp aZvl_pIÄ F´p ]dbp¶psh¶v C\n ]cntim[n¡mw.

l\^o IÀaimkv{X ]WvVnX\mb Camw s'F\n(d) FgpXp¶p: ""tPymÕy·mcpsS hm¡n\v am{Xw bmsXmcp ]cnKW\bpanÃ. CXv (aZvl_nse) GIIWvT A`n{]mbamWv. AhcpsS hm¡pIsf Bsc¦nepw Ahew_n¨m \nÝbw Ah³ iÀ'C\v hn]coXw {]hÀ¯n¨p. Bsc¦nepw KWnX¡mcs\tbm tPymÕys\tbm kao]n¡pIbpw Ahsc hmkvXham¡pIbpw sNbvXm \nÝbw apl½Zv \_n(kz)bpsS ta AhXcn¸n¡s¸« JzpÀB³ sIm­v Ah³ Im^ndmsb¶v \_n(kz) Xs¶ {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v (s'F\n(d)bpsS AÂ_n\mb 3/613).

asämcp l\^o IÀaimkv{X ]WvVnX\mb Camw C_v\p 'B_nZo³(d) FgpXp¶p: ""tPym Õy\v tPymXnimkv{Xahew_n¨v 'Aa sN¿Â A\phZ\obaÃ. C¶ cm{Xnbn N{µ\pZn¡psa¶ AhcpsS {]hN\a\pkcn¨v t\m¼\pjvTn¡Â \nÀ_Ôasöv "\lvdn' {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. tPymÕy·mÀ \oXnam·mcmbncp¶mepw C{]Imcw Xs¶bmWv kzlolmb A`n{]mbsa¶v Cufzmlnepw ]dbp¶p'' (C_v\p B_nZo(d)sâ d±p aplvXmÀ 2/41).

amenIo IÀaimkv{X ]WvVnX\mb Camw J¯zm_v(d) FgpXp¶p: ""amk¸ndhn ZÀin¡msa¶ tPymÕysâ {]hN\w sIm­v amk¸ndhn Øncs¸SpIbnsöv Xo À¨. Ahsâ hm¡v Bkv]Zam¡n HcmÄ¡pw Xs¶ t\m¼\pjvTn¡Â A\phZ\obhpaÃ. am{Xaà Ah\v Xs¶bpw kz´w 'Aaen\p th­n AXv Ahew_n¨p IqSm. tPymXnimkv{Xw \¶mbn Adnbp¶h\pw Adnbm¯h\pw hyXymkanÃ. Camw C_v\p 'Ad_n(d) Xsâ 'Bcnfz¯n C_v\pkpssdPn(d)s\ FXnÀ¯ncn¡pIbmWv. At±lw tPymXnimkv{Xw \¶mbn Adnbp¶hsâbpw Adnbm¯hsâbpw CSbn hnthN\w sNbvXncn¡p¶p (Adnbp¶h\v Xsâ Adnhv Bkv]Zam¡n {hXsaSp¡Â \nÀ_ÔamIpw F¶mWv  C_v\pkpssdPv ]dbp¶Xv). Camw amenIn(d) \n¶v C_v\p \m^n'Av(d) dnt]mÀ«v sNbvXXmbn Xufzoln C§s\ D²cn¨n«p­v. Camw amenIv(d) ]dªp: IW¡hew_am¡p¶ Camans\ A\pIcn¡pItbm A\pkcn¡pItbm sNbvXpIqSm. C_v\p lmPn _v(d) ]dbp¶p: tPymÕy·mcpsS IW¡pIÄ¡v bmsXmcp ]cnKW\bpansöv(amenIo aZvl_nÂ) AhnXÀ¡nXamWv. Nne _KvZmZn \nhmknIfpsS Nmbvhv AXv Ahew_n¡msa¶XmsW¦nepw þC_v\p kpssdPn(d)s\ Dt±in¨mWn¸dªsX¶v Xufzoln D²cn¨n«p­v'' (J¯zm_v(d)hnsâ ahmln_p Peo 2/387).

Camw 'AÐcn(d) FgpXp¶p: ""amk¸ndhnbn tPymÕy·mcpsS hm¡pIÄ ]cnKWn¡s¸Snsöv C_v\p bq\pkv(d) {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. amkw ImWpI, I­Xmbn km£n Øncs¸SpI, i'Av_m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀ¯nbmhpI F¶nhbn iÀ'Av CXns\ ¢n]vXam¡nbXmWv ImcWw. AXpsIm­p Xs¶ Ch¡¸pdsam¶v Gäp¶Xv A\phZ\obaÃ'' (amenIo ]WvVnX\mb AÐcn(d)bpsS A¯mPp h CIveo ^o lmanin ahmln_v 2/387).

l¼eo ]WvVnX\mb C_v\p JzpZma(d) ]dbp¶p: ""tPymÕy·mcpsStbm IW¡pImcpsStbm hm¡pIÄ kXyt¯mSv tbmPn¨m t]mepw AXv Ahew_am¡n bpÅ t\m¼n\v km[pXbnÃ. AhcpsS hm¡pIÄ kXyt¯mSv tbmPn¡Â A[nIambncp¶m t]mepw. Ahew_n¡mt\m kz´w 'Aa sN¿mt\m ]änb Hcp iÀ'C¿mb tcJbà Ah F¶XmWv CXn\v ImcWw. AXp sIm­p Xs¶ Ah¡v bmsXmcp ]cnKW\bpanÃ. N{µs\ I­Xn\p th­n \n§Ä t\m¼\pjvTn¡pI, I­Xn\pth­n \n§Ä t\m¼v apdn¡pIbpw sN¿pI. F¶v \_n(kz) {]kvXmhn¨n«p­v. asämcp \nthZ\¯n N{µs\ ImWp¶Xv hsc \n§Ä t\m¼\pjvTn¡pItbm apdn¡pItbm sN¿cpsX¶v ImWmw (C_v\pJzpZma(d)bpsS apKv\n 3/25).

Hcp aZvl_pa\pIcn¡m¯ A_vZpdlvam³ PkocnbpsS ]£hpw CXp Xs¶bmWv. At±l¯nsâ hm¡pIÄ ImWpI. ""tPymÕy·mcpsS hm¡n\v ]cnKW\bnÃ. AhÀ¡v Xs¶bpw AX\pkcn¨v {hXsaSp¡Â \nÀ_ÔanÃ. AhcpsS hm¡pIÄ hnizkn¡p¶hÀ¡pw XssYh. amäw hcm¯Xpw Øncs¸«Xpamb tcJbpsS ta t\m¼ns\ iÀ'Av _Ôn¸n¨XmWv ImcWw. amk¸ndhn ZÀin¡pI, i'Av _m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀ¯nbmhpI F¶nhbmWv {]kvXpX tcJ'' (PkocnbpsS A aZmln_p AÀ_'A 1/500).

Npcp¡¯nÂ, \mev aZvl_nsâ ]WvVnX·mcpw Hcp aZvl_pw A\pIcn¡m¯hcpw tPymXnimkv{Xhpw IW¡pw dafzm³ {hXw \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xnsâ am\ZWvUambn A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶nÃ. AXpsIm­v Xs¶ Ah tcJbm¡m³ apdhnfn Iq«p¶hÀ apkvenwIfpsS 'AaepIÄ ]ng¸n¡p¶ a\pjy]nimNp¡fmIp¶p.

cmPy¯v `n¶X IqSmsX t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpsaÃmw GIoIcn¡m³ IW¡v Ahew_am¡p¶XmWv A`nImaysa¶pw N{µ¸ndhn ZÀi\w Xs¶ Bkv]Zam¡nbm I­hcpw ImWm¯hcpw `n¶XbnemhpIbpw t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpsaÃmw Cuc­mhpIbpw sN¿p¶XmWv A\p`hsa¶pw NneÀ hmZn¡p¶p. CXv XnI¨pw hmkvXh hncp²amWv. ZÀi\s¯ Bkv]Zam¡pt¼mÄ I­ cmPys¯ Bkv]Zam¡n Ab \mSpIÄ¡pw t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpa\pjvTn¡m³ kuIcyap­v. temIsam«msI GIoIcn¡Wsa¶mWv hmZsa¦n AXv IW¡v Bkv]Zam¡nbmbmepw km[yamIm¯Xpw Akw`hyamIp¶XpamWv. C\n amk¸ndhn ZÀi\w i'Av_m³ Ccp]¯nsbm¼Xnsâ AkvXa\ tijw D­mbnà F¶ncn¡s«. F ¶m Cu kmlNcy¯n FÃmhtcmSpw i'Av_m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀ¯nbm¡m\mWv \_n(kz)bpsS BÚ.

Camw s'F\n(d) C_v\p_¯zmen(d) \n¶p²cn¡p¶p: ""\½Ä IW¡pIq«p¶hcsö \_nhN\¯nsâ Dt±iyw C{]ImcamWv. \½psS t\m¼nsâbpw aäp 'C_mZ¯nsâbpw kab§Ä Adnbm³ BhiyamIpw hn[apÅ IW¡v Adnªncn¡Wsa¶v BÚm]n¡s¸Sm¯ hn`mKamWv \mw. \½psS 'C_mZ¯pIsfÃmw _Ôn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶Xv hyàamb ASbmf§tfmSpw _mlyamb Imcy§tfmSpamWv. CÆnjb¯n IW¡pImcpw AÃm¯hcpw kaas{X'' (s'F\n(d)bpsS 'DwZXpÂJzmcn 10/287).

Cu hniZoIcW¯n \n¶v IW¡hew_n¡pt¼mgmWv Ass\Iyhpw A`n{]mb`n¶Xbpw D­mIp¶sX¶pw amk¸ndhn ZÀin¡mXncp¶m FÃmhcpw i'Av _m³ ap¸Xv ]qÀ¯nbm¡p¶ ]£w P\§Ä¡nSbn sFIyap­mIpsa¶pw hyàambn.

lm^nfzv C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI: ""taLmhrXamIpt¼mÄ F®w ]qÀ¯nbm¡Wsa¶v ]dªXnse clkyw {]kvXpX F®¯n FÃmhcpw ka·mcmsW¶XmWv. At¸mÄ Ahcn A`n{]mb`n¶Xbpw XÀ¡hpw CÃmXmIpw'' (^XvlpÂ_mcn 4/159).

'A_vZpdlvam\p Pkocn ]dbp¶p: ""hfsc KmVamb XXz§Ä Ahew_am¡nbmWv tPym Õy·mÀ {]hNn¡p¶sX¦nepw AhcpsS {]hN\w IrXyamhmsXbmWv A\p`hw. A[nI kµÀ`§fnepw AhcpsS A`n{]mb§Ä At\ym\yw FXncmIp¶psh¶Xv Xs¶bmWv AXn\v sXfnhv'' (A aZmln_p AÀ_'A 1/500, 501).

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