\nkvImckabw \nÀWbn¡m³
IW¡hew_n¡msa¦nÂ
tNmZyw:
t\m¼ns\¡mÄ t{ijvTamb \nkvImc¯nsâ kabw \nÀWbn¡m³ IW¡hew_n¡msa¦n t\m¼n\pw
s]cp¶mfn\pw F´psImv IW¡hew_n¨v IqSm?
adp]Sn: Cu tNmZy¯n\v Camw
J¯zm_v(d) adp]Sn \ÂIp¶pv. J¯zm_v(d) ]dbp¶p: ""t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw \nÀWbn¡p¶Xnsâbpw
\nkvImc kabw \nÀWbn¡p¶XnsâbpanSbn hyXymkapv. AXn{]ImcamWv.
DZmlcWambn fzplvdv \nkvIm cw \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xn\v kqcy³ a[y¯n \n¶v sXäp¶
kabw, AÃmlp ImcWambn \nÝbn¨p. CXpt]mse Xs¶ aäp \nkvImc§fpw. AXpsImv
Xs¶ GXv amÀK¯neqsSbmIs« kabambn«ps¶dnªm {]kvXpX \nkvImcw \nÀ_ÔamIpw.
IW¡v {]kvXpX amÀK§fnsem¶mbXv sImv IW¡pw Cu hnjb¯n ]cnKW\obamWv. F¶mÂ
t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw \nÀWbn¡m³ tIhew N{µ\pZn¡Â ImcWambn \nÀWbn¨n«nÃ. adn¨v
AXnsâ ZÀi\amWv Ah \nÀ_ÔamIm\pÅ ImcWambn \nÝbn¨Xv. At¸mÄ Bcpw
ZÀin¨n«nsæn ]ns¶ t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw \nÀ_ÔamIm³ iÀ'Av \nÝbn¨
ImcWapmbn«nÃ. At¸mÄ (t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw \nÀWbn¡se¶) hn[n Øncs¸Sp¶panÃ.
CXn\v sXfnhmWv \_n(kz)bpsS hm¡v. AhnS¶v Acpfn. "amk¸ndhn ZÀin¨Xn\v
thn \n§Ä t\m¼\pjvTn¡pI. AXv ZÀin¨Xn\pthn \n§Ä s]cp¶mfpa\pjvTn¡pI.'
N{µ\pZn¨Xn\pthn \n§Ä t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw A\pjvTn¡pIsb¶v \_n(kz) ]dªn«nÃ.
AtX Øm\¯v \nkvImcs¯ kw_Ôn¨v ]dªXv C§s\bmWv. "kqcy³ a[y¯n \n¶v sXänbXn\pthn
\n§Ä(fplvÀ) \nkvImcs¯ \ne\nÀ¯pI. C¸dª hyXymk§fmWv ap³KmanIfpw
]n³KmanIfpamb ]WvVnX·mcpsS Ahew_w. CXv hfsc \Ã hyXymkw Xs¶bmWv. C_v\pÈmXzv(d)
C¸dª hyXymkw kzoIcn¡pIbpw Xsâ ZJodXn C{]Imcw {]kvXmhn¡pIbpw
sNbvXn«pv'' (ahmln_p Peo 2/388).
Npcp¡¯n kabamhpIbpw Bsb¶v
AdnbpIbpw sN¿Â am{XamWv \nkvImcw \nÀ_ÔamIm\pÅ am\ZWvUambn iÀ'Av \nÝbn¨Xv.
C¶ amÀK¯nepÅ Adnhv In«Wsa¶ \nÀt±ianÃ. t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpw C§s\bÃ.
kabamhpIbpw Bsb ¶v Adnhp In«pIbpw sNbvXm t]mcm. AdnhpIn«m\pÅ amÀKhpw
iÀ'Av Xs¶ \nÝbn¨n«pv. Ccp]¯nsbm¼Xnsâ kqcymkvXa\ tijw amk¸ndhn
ZÀin¡emWXv. tIhew Nt{µmZbaÃ.
C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""\nÝbw(t\m¼pw
s]cp¶mfpw \nÀ_ÔamIse¶) hn[n sb kqcymkvXa\ tijapÅ amk¸ndhn ZÀi\t¯mSmWv
iÀ'Av _Ôn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. AXp Xs¶bmWv ASnØm\hpw. (N{Ihmf¯n\p apIfnÂ) N{µ³
DmIeÃ'' (Xplv^ 3/374).
amk¸ndhn ZÀin¨Xn\pthn \n§Ä
t\m¼pw s]cp¶mfpa\pjvTn¡pIsb¶v iÀ'Av ]dªXpt]mse kqcy³ a[y¯n \n¶v sXäp¶Xv
ZÀin¨Xn\pthn(fplvdv) \nkv Icn¡pI F¶v iÀ'Av ]dªn«nÃ. adn¨v kqcy³
a[y¯n \n¶v sXäp¶Xn\pthn \nkvIcn¡pI Ft¶ ]dªn«pÅq. kqcy³ a[y¯n \n¶v
sXänbncn¡p¶psh¶ Adnhv In«nbXv Ahsâ ZÀi\w sImmIs« IW¡v sImmIs«,
atäsX¦nepw amÀK¯neqsSbmIt«sb¶v kw£n]vXw.
kwLSnX kImXv
tNmZyw
^nXzvÀ kImXv kwLSnXambn hnXcWw sN¿p¶ k{¼Zmbw C¶v [mcmfamWtÃm. CXnsâ
CkvemanI ho£Ww hniZoIcn¡mtam?
D¯cw : hniZoIcn¡mw. Ckvemansâ
X\na temI¯n\v kaÀ¸n¡p¶ ]WvVnXÀ kImXv hnXcW coXnIfpw hniZoIcn¡p¶pv.
sam¯w kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶ hkvXp¡sf apkvenw ]WvVnX·mÀ cn\ambn Xncn¡p¶p.
H¶v _mlyamb [\¯n sâ kImXpw asäm¶v B´cnIamb [\¯nsâ kImXpw. Camw \hhn(d)
]dbp¶p: ""^nXzvÀ kImXv, I¨hS kz¯v, \n[n, kzÀWw, shÅn F¶nh B´cnIamb
kz¯p¡fpw J\nP§Ä, ]ghÀK§Ä, BSv, amSv, H«Iw, Irjn F¶nh _mlyamb
kz¯p¡fpamWv'' (iÀlp apl±_v 6/146).
Camw \hhn(d)Xs¶ hopw ]dbp¶p:
""_mlyamb [\¯nsâ kImXv Camw Bhiys¸«m Camans\ G¸n¡Â DSaØsâ _m[yXbmsW¶XnÂ
A`n{]mbm´canÃ. AtXkabw B´cnI kz¯nsâ kImXmsW¦n A[nImcnIÄ¡XnÂ
Nn´nt¡XnÃ. DSaس kzbw AhIminIÄ¡v hnXcWw sN¿pIbmWv thXv. kzta[bm
DSaس Camans\ G¸n¨m Ahcn \n¶pw Caman\v kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. Camw
amhÀZn(d) C{]Imcw {]kvXmhn¨n«pv'' (iÀlp apl±_v 6/166).
""B´cnIamb [\¯nsâ kImXv, Xs¶
G¸n¡Wsa¶v Bhiys¸Sepw AXv ]ncns¨Sp¡epw Caman\v (apkvenw `cWm[nImcn) A\phZ\obasömWv
]WvVnXtemI¯nsâ CPvam'Av (GIm`n{]mbw) Xplv^ 3/344. C{]Imcw \nlmb 3/136,
apKv\n 1/413, Pa 2/294, _pssPcnan 2/587 F¶nhbnepw ImWmw. \nlmbbpsS
hm¡ns\ hymJym\n¨v sImv ssiJv Aen¿pÈn_vdmapÃkn(d) ]dbp¶p: ""Camw
Bhiys¸«mepw B´cnIamb [\¯nsâ kImXv At±l¯n\v \ÂI DSaØ\v \nÀ_ÔanÃ.
Bhiys¸SÂ Caman\v \njn²hpamWv''(lminbXp¶nlmb 3/136). hniZ ]T\ ¯n\v "kwLSnX
kImXv' F¶ teJ\w hmbn¡pI.
kwLSnX kImXn\v JzpÀB³ sXfnhv
tNmZyw:
]cnip² JzpÀB\nse ""AhcpsS kz¯n \n¶pw \n§Ä kzZJzsb ]nSn¡Ww.'' F¶ BbXpw,
""P\§fpsS k¼¯n \n¶v tiJcn¨v Zcn{ZÀ¡v hnXcWw sN¿s¸SWsa¶ lZokpw kwLSnX
kImXn\v sXfnhtÃ?
D¯cw : cv cq]¯n CXnsâ
adp]Sn {Kln¡mw. H¶v: Cu ]dª tiJcWhpw hnXcWhpw _mlyamb kz¯nsâ kImXv
kw_Ôn¨mWv. B´cnIamb kz¯ns\ kw_Ôn¨Ã. ImcWw DSaØ\v B´cnIamb [\¯nsâ kImXv
kzbw hnXcWw \S¯msa¶Xn A`n{]mb `n¶XbnÃm¯XmsW¶v Camw im^n'Cu(d)bpw
Akzvlm_pw {]kvXmhn¨n«pv. am{XaÃ, temI apkvenwIfpsS CPvam'Av Xs¶
AXneps¶v \½psS Akzvlm_v D²cn¡p¶p'' (iÀlp apl±_v 6/164).
cv: C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""tiJcn¨v
hnXcWw sN¿Wsa¶ BÚ Hcp bmZrÝnI ImcW¯n\p thnbmbncp¶p (kImXv \nÀ_Ôam¡nb
BZyL«¯nÂ) P\§Ä AXv th{X {Kln¡m¯Xpw AXnt\mSv AhÀ¡pÅ hntbmPn¸pambncp¶p
AXv. ico'A¯nsâ \nba§sfÃmw ØncamIm¯XmWnXn\p ImcWw. Cu ]dª \ymbsaÃmw ]n¶oSv
\o§nbn«pv'' (Xplv^ 3/344).
BbXp IpÀkn¿nsâ lZokv
tNmZyw :
BbXp IpÀkn¿nsâ t{ijvTXbnembn Camw _pJmcn(d) A_qlpdbvd(d)bn \n¶p²cn¨
lZokn dafzm\nse kImXv kq£n¡m³ \_n(kz) Fs¶ G ¸n¨p.' F¶ÀYw hcp¶ `mKw
sImv ^nXzvÀ kImXv \_n(kz)bpsS Ime¯v ti Jcn¨v hnXcWw sN¿embncp¶psh¶v
hcp¶nsÃ?
D¯cw: CÃ. ImcWw lZokn kImXp
dafzm³ F¶mWpÅXv. adn¨v kImXp ^nXzvÀ F¶Ã. C\n hmZ¯n\pthn ^nXzvÀ
kImXmsW¶v k½Xn¨m Xs¶ (C{]Imcw Nne lZokv hymJymXm¡Ä ]dªn«pv.) ]ncn¡m\pw
hnXcWw sN¿m\pw Cu lZokn sXfnhnÃ. ]ncnhpImcs\ Ab¡pItbm P\§fn \n¶v
kImXv Bhiys¸SpItbm sN¿msX \_n(kz)bpsS AcnIn kImXv ZmbIcn \n¶v dafzm³
amk¯n kwLSn¨p In«nb ^nXzvÀ kImXv kz¯p¡Ä kq£n¡p¶Xn\p thn
A_qlpdbvd(d)sb \_n(kz)NpaXes¸Sp¯nsb¶v am{XamWv ]camh[n lZokn \n¶v {KmlyamhpI.
CkvemanI `cWm[nImcnbmb CamapÅt¸mÄ Camansâ `mK¯p \n¶pÅ ]ncns¨Sp¡tem
Bhiys¸Stem CÃmsX sam¯w kImXv kz¯p¡Ä Camansâ AcnInse¯n¡emWv Gähpw
t{ijvTXsb¶ IÀaimkv{X \nbaw CXn\pt]mÂ_eIamWv.
tiJcn¨v hnXcWw sN¿m\pw
Jzmfzn¡v A[nImcw
tNmZyw :
C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""s]mXphmb cq]¯n Jzmfznsb
Øm\ta¸n¡Â sImv apgph³ A[nImc§fpw s]mXpP\ {]iv\§fpw JzmfznbpsS
NpaXebn hcp¶p. asämcmsf G¸n¡m¯ kImXv Imcy§Ä hsc'' (Xplv^ 10/120)
CXpsImv kImXv tiJcn¨v hnXcWw sN¿m\pw Jzmfzn¡v A[nImcaps¶v hcp¶ntÃ?
D¯cw : Xplv^bpsS Cu D²cWn
Hcn¡epw kImXv I½nän¡mÀ¡\pIqeaÃ. adn¨v A\mY³, kzbw {Ibhn{Ibw
A\phZn¡s¸Sm¯h³ XpS§nbhÀ¡v {]tXyI kwc£IcnÃm¯t¸mÄ kImXnsâ Imcyw s]mXpkwc£Is\¶
\ne¡v Jzmfzn {i²nt¡Xns\ kw_Ôn¨mWXv. taep²cWnbpsS Ahkm\¯nse ""aämscbpw
D¯chmZs¸Sp¯m¯ kImXv Imcyw hsc'' F¶ hm¡v CXn\v _ew \ÂIp¶p. aäpÅ ]WvVnX·mcpsS
hm¡pIfpw CXn\v ]n³_eambpv.
Camw AlvaZpdwen(d) ]dbp¶p: ""Akv\bpsS
hm¡nsâ XmXv]cyw kImXv ]ncn¡m \pw hnXcWw sN¿m\pw Jzmfzn¡v AhImiaps¶msW¦nepw
JzmfznbpsS kwc£W¯nepÅ A\mY¡p«nIfpsS kz¯nemWXv'' (lminbXp Akv\Â
aXzmen_v 1/395).
Camw kp_vIn(d)bpsS hm¡pIÄ
ImWpI: ""Ip«nbpsS kz¯v ssIImcyw sN¿p¶hsâ _m[yX AhIminIÄ¡v AXnsâ kImXv
kzbw hnXcWw sN¿emsW¶Xn ktµlanÃ. C\n Camantet¡m Jzmfznbntet¡m
AtX¸n¡pIbpw AhIminIÄ¡v cnsemcmÄ Ah hnlnXn¨v sImSp¡pIbpw sNbvXm Xsâ
_m[yX HgnhmIpsa¶Xpw kwibclnXamWv'' (^Xmhm kp_vIn 1/201).
F¶m C¸dªXv Xs¶ kImXv Imcy§Ä
t\m¡p¶Xn\v thn \nÝnXamb Hcmsf Camav \ntbmKn¡mXncn¡pt¼mgmWv. \ntbmKn¡p¶
]£w kImXv Imcy§Ä JzmfznbpsS \nb{´W ]cn[nbn \n¶v ]mtS ]pd¯mWv. Camw \hhn(d)
]dbp¶p: ""kImXv Imcy§Ä Camw amhÀZn(d) C§s\ hniZoIcn¡p¶p. ""kImXv
Imcy§Ä ¡v thn \nÝnXamb Hcmsf Camav \nban¡p¶ ]£w Ah JzmfznbpsS A[nImc
]cn[nbn \n¶v ]pds¸Sp¶XmWv'' (dufz 11/125).
DwZbpw kwLSnX kImXpw
tNmZyw:
"Hcp kwLamfpIÄ AcpsS ^nXzvÀ kImXv Hcpan¨v Iq«n¡eÀ¯n Ahtcm AhÀ k½Xw \ÂInb
Hcmtfm hnXcWw sNbvXm km[phmIp¶XmWv'' F¶ bpsS 'DwZbpsS 'C_md¯ns\¡pdns¨´v
]dbp¶p?
D¯cw : ""Cu ]dªXv \½psS
hnjbta Asöv HcmhÀ¯n IqSn hmbn¨m BÀ¡pw a\ÊnemIpw. ImcWw ]ecpsSbpw
kImXv ]ncns¨Sp¡m\pw AhIminIÄ¡v hnXcWw sN¿m\pw Hcp hn`mKamfpIÄ
kwLSn¡pIbpw s]mXp P\§fn \n¶pw AhcpsS kImXns\ Bhiys¸SpIbpw AXv ]ncns¨Sp¯v
hnXcWw \S¯pIbpw sN¿p¶ kwLSnX kImXns\¡pdn¨mWv XÀ¡w. AXv ]mSnsömWv \mw
]dbp¶Xv. 'DwZbpsS hm¡nemsW¦n ]ncns¨Sp¡tem AXns\mcp I½näntbm I½nän
hnXcWtam Aà ]dbp¶Xv. adn¨v Ipd¨mfpIÄ AhcpsS kImXv Hcpan¨pIq«n¡eÀ¯n AhÀ
Xs¶tbm Asæn AhÀ k½Xw \ÂInb Hcmtfm AhIminIÄs¡¯n¡p¶ cq]amWv km[phmIp¶sX¶v
]dªXv. kz¯nsâ DSaسamÀ Xs¶ kzta[bm AhcpsS kImXv Hcpan¨v Iq«n¡eÀ¯n Ah\hsâ
hnlnXw hnXcWw \S¯nbm Iq«n¡eÀ¯nbXnsâ t]cn {]iv\ansöv kmcw.
`n£mS\w CÃmXm¡m³ kwLSnX
kImXv
tNmZyw:
kImXnsâ bYmÀ° AhIminIÄ bmNIsc t]mse ]W¡mcpsS ho«p]Sn¡Â k©nbpw Npa¶v \n¡p¶
Zb\ob cwKw XpS¨p amäm³ thnbmWv kImXv I½nän¡mÀ {ian¡p¶Xv. CXv \msa´n\v
FXnÀ¡Ww?
D¯cw : hmkvXh¯n Häs¸« bmN\
Hgnhm¡p¶Xn\v thn kwLSnX bmN\ GÀs¸Sp¯p¶Xv hntcm[m`mkamWv. CXmWv kwLSnX
kImXneqsS \S¡p¶Xv. CkvemanI A\pjvTm\§Ä¡v km[pX e`n¡m³ Iptd D]m[nIÄ
kzoIcnt¡Xpv. Cu D]m[nIfnsem¶n\v `wKw hcp¯nbm B IÀ½w AkzoImcymbn.
kImXnsâ kzoImcyX¡pÅ D]m[nIÄ apgph³ kzoIcn¡s¸«m am{Xw AXv CkvemanÂ
kImXmbn AwKoIcn¡s¸Spw. aäp D]tZi§sfm¶pw Cu hnjb¯n kzoImcyaÃ. \nba]cambn
kImXv km[phmIp¶ptmsb¶XmWv Ckvemw t\m¡p¶Xv. AÃm¯ ]£w AwKoImchpanÃ.
C¯cw kmaqlnI \·Ifnsöv sh¨v D]m[nIsfm¯ kImXnsâ km[pX¡v {]iv\anÃ.
D]m[nsbm¡m¯Xn\v Cu \·bpmbn F¶v IcpXn AkzoImcyX ]cnlcn¡p¶panÃ.
D]m[ntbmsS kImXv sImSp¡pt¼mÄ Xs¶ C¯cw kmaqlnI \·¡v thn bXv\n¡emWv
apkvenwIfpsS kImXv Akm[phm¡p¶ s]mXp {]hÀ¯\s¯¡mÄ D¯asa¶v ]dtbXnÃtÃm.
AÃmlp JzpÀB\n ]dbp¶Xv
tNmZn¨phcp¶hÀ¡pw tNmZn¡m¯hÀ¡pw apAvan\nsâ kz¯n hnlnXaps¶mWv.
FÃmhÀ¡pw sImSp¡p¶h\mWv ]qÀW hnizmkn. am{Xaà iÀ'Csâ am\anÃmsX s]mXp\·IÄ
iÀ'C Ahew_ tcJbsöv \nZm\ imkv{X¯n AwKoIcn¡s¸« XXzamWv. C\n bmN\
Hgnhm¡pIsb¶ \· ]cnKWn¨m Xs¶bpw kz´ambn sImSp¯mepw CXv \S¸m¡matÃm.
kwLSn¸n¨v hnXcWw sNbvXmte Cu \· \S¸nem¡m\mIq F¶Xv \ncÀYIamWv. FÃmw
t]mIs«. C§s\sbmcp \·¡p thn kwLSn¸n¨v hnXcWw sN¿embncp¶p A`nImaysa¦nÂ
Cu t{ijvT {]hÀ¯nbpsS {]tbmàm¡fmtInbncp¶Xv ]qÀÆoI al ¯p¡fmbncp¶p.
iÀ'CÂ A\paXnbnÃm¯Xv sImmWtÃm AhcXv sN¿mXncp¶Xv.
C_v\plPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p: ""apkvenw
D½Xnse kZvhr¯cpw t{ijvTcpambhÀ¡v hne¡s¸« HcpImcyw ]n¡me P\§Ä¡v A\phZn¡s¸Spsa¶v
Bsc¦nepw Duln¡ptam, Hcn¡epanÃ'' (^Xmhm C_v\plPÀ 3/161). Camw A_qima(d)
]dbp¶p: ""AÃmlphnsâ kmao]yw IcØam¡m\pÅ amÀKhpw hgn]mSpamsW¶v an¡ P\§fpw
[cn¡p¶ Nne Imcy§sfm¶pw A§s\bmInÃ. F¶Ã, A§s\ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xnep]cn Dt]£n¡p¶XnemIpw
\·. CXv hniZoIcn¡p¶Xn\v thnbmWv Fsâ Cu cN\ Xs¶. bYmÀY¯n C¡q«À AÃmlp
iÀ'B¡m¯ H¶v aptJ\bmWv AÃmlphnte¡v ASp¡m³ {ian¡p¶Xv. F¶Ã AÃmlp hntcm[n¨
Imcyw aptJ\. `qanbn \n§Ä \miw hnX¡cpsX¶htcmSv ]dbs¸«m R§Ä \· hnX¡p¶hcmsW¶mbncn¡pw
AhcpsS adp]Sn. \nÝbw C¡q«cmWv \miImcnIsf¶dnbpI. ]t£, AhÀ¡dnbnÃ'' (A_qima(d)bpsS
InXm_p _mCkv, t]Pv 25).
lcnP\§Ä¡v kIm¯v
tNmZyw:
im´]pcw alÃv amXyI Im«n F¶ ioÀjI¯n im´]pcw imJm PamAs¯ Ckveman¡mÀ \m«nse
lcnP\§Ä¡v kIm¯v sImSp¯Xmbn amXy`qan ]{Xw dnt]mÀ«v sNbvXncp¶p.
AapkvenwIÄ kImXv AhIminIfn s]Sptam?
D¯cw: CÃ. Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶p.
kImXv AhIminIfmb F«v hn`mK¯n \n¶v kImXv hm§m\pÅ \n_Ô\bmWv
apkvenambncn¡Â. AXvsImv Xs¶ kImXn \n¶v H¶pw Aapkvenan\v \ÂIm³ ]mSnsöv
]WvVnX·mcpsS GtIm]\w(CPvamAv) Dv(an³lmPv, Xplv^ klnXw 7/160).
kImXv hnXcW coXn
tNmZyw
: kImXv [\w AhIminIÄ¡nSbn F§s\bmWv hnXcWw sNt¿Xv?
D¯cw : kImXv hnXcW¯n\v aq¶v
amÀKamWv Ckvemw \nÀtZin¡p¶Xv. \memasXmcp cq]w CXn\nÃ. Cu aq¶v cq]§fnÂ
GsX¦nepw H¶n Xsâ hnXcW coXn DÄs¸«Xmbn Hmtcm kImXv ZmbI\pw Dd¸p
hcpt¯XmWv.
(1) kImXv hnlnXw AhIminIÄ¡v
Xm³ Xs¶ F¯n¨v sImSp¡pI.(2) CkvemanI `cWw \S¯p¶ Caman(CkvemanI `cWm[nImcn)s\
G¸n¡pI.(3) AhIminIfnse¯n¡m³ thn hnizkvX\mb Hcp hIoens\ NpaXes¸Sp¯pI.
Camw \hhn(d) Cu hnjbw hnhcn¡p¶Xv
{it²bamWv. ""kImXv hnXcW¯n\v \n¿Xpw {]hr¯nbpw BhiyamIpw. {]hr¯n aq¶p
hn[¯n kw`hn¡mw. H¶v: DSaØÀ Xs¶ t\cn«v (AhIminIÄ¡v) F¯n¡Â. cv:
Camante¡v F¯n¡Â. aq¶v: Camant\m Asæn AhIminIÄt¡m F¯n¡m³ hIoens\
NpaXes¸Sp¯Â'' (dufz 2/60, 61).
kImXv \ÂIp¶Xn\v
hIme¯v
tNmZyw:
kImXv \ÂIp¶Xn\v thn Hcmsf hIme¯m¡pt¼mÄ BcmWv kImXn\v \n¿Xv sNt¿Xv?
D¯cw: C_v\plPÀ(d) FgpXp¶p: ""kImXnsâ
km[pX¡v \n¿Xv \nÀ_ÔamWv. DSaس Xs¶ \n¿Xv sNt¿Xpw Asæn hIoens\ \n¿Xv
sN¿m³ NpaXes¸Spt¯XpamWv'' (Xplv^ 3/348, 349).
DSaس Xs¶ \n¿Xv sN¿Wsa¶pw
Asæn hIoens\ \n¿Xv sN¿m³ NpaXes¸Sp¯Wsa¶pw cpansæn kImXv Akm[phmsW¶pw
ta hniZoIcW¯n  \n¶v a\Ênem¡mw.
D¯chmZn¯w HgnhmIm³
tNmZyw:
kImXv hnXcW¯n\v asämcmsf NpaXes¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ Ft¸mgmWv D¯chmZn¯w HgnhmIpI?
D¯cw: ""hIoens\
NpaXes¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ D¯chmZnXzw HgnhmIWsa¦n bYmÀ Y AhIminIÄ¡v Xsâ kImXv
F¯p¶ps¶v ]qÀWambpw Dd¸phcp¯epw F ¯n F¶dnbepw \nÀ_ÔamWv'' (lminbXp¶nlmb
3/136).
hIo h©\ \S¯nbm DSaØsâ _m[yX
HgnhmIp¶nÃ. ImcWw DSaØsâ Ichpw hIoensâ Ichpw H¶mWv. DSaس t\cn«v
hnXcWw sN¿p¶ cq]¯n AhIminIÄ ssI¸änbnsæn kImXv hoSm¯ t]mse hIoÂ
hnXcWw sN¿pt¼mgpw AÀlcmbhÀ ssI¸änbn«nsæn _m[yX HgnhmIp¶XÃ. adn¨v
Camans\ G¸n¡pIbpw Camw DZmko\X Im«n AÀlÀ¡v e`n¡mXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
DSaس IS¡mc\Ãm¯Xn\v ]pdsa _m[yX hoSpIbpw sN¿pw. ImcWw Camw AhIminIsf
{]Xn\n[oIcn¡p¶Xn\m Camans\ G¸n¡Â XXz¯n AhIminIsf G¸n¡embn. iÀlpÂ
apl±_v 6/165, dufz 2/61, Xplv^ 3/345 F¶nh t\m¡pI.
Camw \hhn(d) XpScp¶p: ""At¸mÄ
hIoensâ D¯chmZnXzw Camans\tbm Caman sâ {]Xn\n[nsbtbm G¸n¡tem bYmÀY
AhIminIÄ¡v hnXcWw sN¿tem BWv'' (iÀlp apl±_v 6/165).
kImXv I½nänIÄ
tNmZyw:
C¶v ]p¯\mib¡mcpw kp¶nIsf¶hImis¸Sp¶ Nnecpw kImXv kwLSn¸n¨v hnXcWw sN¿p¶Xn\v
thn I½nänIÄ Dm¡p¶p. C¯cw I½nänIÄ¡v kImXv \ÂIp¶Xv IÀaimkv{X ]WvVnXÀ
]dª hnXcW coXnIfn s]Sptam? C¯cw ]pXnsbmcp coXn CkvemanItWm?
kImXv [\w kwLSn¸n¨v hnXcWw
sN¿p¶Xn\v thn Dm¡p¶ I½nänIÄ¡v Ah \ÂIp¶Xv kImXv hnXcW¯n\v IÀaimkv{X
]WvVnXÀ ]dª hnXcW coXnIfn s]Sp¶XÃ.
ImcWw hnXcW coXnIfn s]« H¶mw
cq]w, DSaس t\cn«v AhIminIÄ¡v sImSp¡emWv. AhIminIfn I½nän s]SnÃ. cmw
C\w, DSaس Xsâ kImXv \ÂIm³ thn Camans\ G¸n¡emWv. I½nänsb G¸n¡Â Cu
C\¯nepw s]SnÃ. I½nän CamasöXmWv ImcWw. aq¶mas¯ C\w, Xsâ kImXv sImSp¯p
ho«m³ asämcmsf NpaXes¸Sp¯pIbpw B hIo AhIminIÄ¡v hnXcWw sN¿epamWv.
kImXv hnXcW I½nän Cu C\¯nepw s]SnÃ.
kImXv I½nän Hcp hIoensâ
tdmfnemsW¶pw hIo hnXcWw sNbvXm kImXv km[phmIp¶Xv t]mse I½nänbmIp¶
hIo hnXcWw sNbvXmepw km[phmIpsa¶pamWv NnecpsS hmZw. Hcp ImcWhimepw
I½nän hIoemhpIbnÃ. HcmÄ hIoembn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sm³ [mcmfw \n_Ô\IÄ Dv. hniZ
]T\¯n\v "^nXzvÀ k ImXv ]Wambn \ÂIÂ" F¶ teJ\¯nse "hnXcW coXn' F¶
D]ioÀjIw t\m¡pI.
^nXzvÀ kImXv ]Wambn \ÂIÂ
tNmZyw
: ^nXzvÀ kImXv ]Wambn \ÂIm³ ]äptam?
D¯cw :^nXzvÀ kImXv ]Wambn \ÂIÂ
kzoImcyaÃ. CXp sImv kImXv hoSpIbpanÃ. kImXv hm§m³ AÀlcmbhÀ hkvXp¡Ä
kzoIcn¡nsöpw ]Wambn \ÂInbm kzoIcn¡psa¶papÅ hmZw \ncÀYIamWv. KÄ^nemWv
Cu {]hWX IqSpXembn Iphcp¶Xv. kImXv hoSWsa¶m{Kln¡p¶hÀ Cu Imcyw {]tXyIw
]cnKWnt¡XmWv. Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶p: ""`£W km[\amb [m\yw sImSp¡p¶Xn\p ]Icw
amhv, sdm«n XpS§nbh sImSp¯m aXnbmInÃ. hne \ÂInbm aXnbmIm¯ t]mse
Xs¶'' (dufz 2/164). hniZ ]T\¯n\v "^nXzvÀ kImXv ]Wam bn \ÂIÂ' F¶ teJ\w
hmbn¡pI.
kImXv hnlnXw
hyXymks¸Sp¯n \ÂIÂ
tNmZyw:
kImXnsâ AhIminIfpsS Bhiy hyXymka\pkcn¨v kImXv hnlnXw hyXymks¸Sp¯n
\ÂIm³ ]äptam?
D¯cw : kImXv apXÂ, JpÀB\nÂ
]dª F«v hn`mK§fn \n¶v B \m«n F ¯n¡s¸« hn`mK§Ä¡nSbn kaambn hnlnXn¡Â
\nÀ_ÔamWv. AhcpsS Bhiy§Ä hyXykvXamsW¦nepw. F¶m Hmtcm hn`mK¯nepÅ
hyànIÄ¡nSbn kaam¡Â \nÀ_ÔanÃ. AhcpsS Bhiy hyXymka\pkcn¨v hnlnX¯nepw
hyXymks¸Sp¯mw. hyànIfpsS Bhiyw kaamsW¦n hnlnXhpw kaam¡em Wv kp¶¯v.
XZhkc¯nepw kaam¡Â \nÀ_Ôsam¶panÃ. hn`mK§Ä¡nSbn kaam¡Â \nÀ_ÔambXnsâbpw
hyànIÄ¡nSbn kaam¡Â \nÀ_ÔanÃm¯Xnsâbpw ImcWw hn`mK§Ä Ft«m AXn Xmsgtbm
DÅ F®¯n ¢n]vXambXn\mepw Hmtcm hn`mK¯nsebpw hyànIÄ \nÝnX F®¯n ¢n]vXamhm¯Xn\mepamIp¶p(
an³lmPv ; Xplv^ klnXw 7/171, 172).
kImXv hnlnXw Nne hyànIÄ¡v am{Xw \ÂIÂ
tNmZyw:
kImXv apXÂ, JpÀB\n ]dª F«v hn`mK§fn \n¶v GsX¦nepw Nne hn`mK§Ä¡v
am{Xtam Asæn DÅ hn`mK§fn Nne hyànIÄ¡v am{Xtam \ÂInbm aXnbmIptam?
D¯cw: kImXv apXÂ, JpÀB\n ]dª
F«v hn`mK§fn \n¶v B \m«n F ¯n¡s¸« FÃm hn`mK§Ä¡panSbn kaambn
hnlnXn¡Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. Hm tcm hn`mK¯nsebpw FÃm hyànIÄ¡panSbn hnlnXn¡Â \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xv
kw_Ôn¨v Nne hniZoIcWapv.
(1) \m«nse¯n¡s¸« FÃm
hn`mK§fn \n¶pw aq¶v hoXw hyànIÄs¡¦nepw kImXv apX Hmlcn sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamsW¶mWv
im^nCu aZvl_nse {]_ew. (2) aäv aZvl_nsâ aq¶v CamapIfpw Hcp hyàn¡v
am{Xw \ÂInbmepw aXnbmIpsa ¶ ]£¡mcmWv. Cu A`n{]mbs¯ \½psS aZvl_nse NneÀ
]cnKW\obam¡nbn «pv. (3) FÃm hn`mK§fn \n¶pw aq¶v hoXw hyànIÄ¡nSbnÂ
kImXv apX hnlnXn¡m³ aXnbmIpsa¦n im^o aZvl_nse {]_em`n{]mbw
Ahew_n¡emW`nImayw.(4) kImXv apXÂ CXn\v aXnbmImXncn¡pt¼mÄ Hcp hyà¡v
am{Xw \ ÂInbmepw aXnbmIpsa¶ ]cnKW\obamb A`n{]mbw Ahew_n¡mhp¶XmWv. ]ecpsSbpw
kImXv kwLSn¸n¨v hnXcWw sN¿m³ BÚbnsöXmWv ImcWw. (5) Ignbpsa¦n aq¶v
t]Às¡¦nepw \ÂIemWv kq£vaX(an³lmPv, Xplv^ klnXw 7/170, 7/169, apKv\n
3/116, 3/117 F¶o InXm_pIfn ]dªXnsâ cXv\¨pcp¡amWv apIfn ]dªXv.
AhIminIfnÃmXncp¶mÂ
tNmZyw:
kImXv \nÀ_Ôamb cmPy¯v kImXv kzoIcn¡m³ AhIminIfnÃmXncp¶m kImXv _m[yX
CÃmXmIptam?
D¯cw : CÃ. C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p:
kImXv \nÀ_Ôamb \m«n AhIminIÄ CÃmXncn¡pItbm Ds¦nepw AhcpsS Bhiym\pkyXw
hnlnXn¨n«pw kImXv ap X _m¡nbmhpItbm sNbvXm Ab \m«nte¡v kImXv \o¡w
sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. Ab \mSns\bpw hn«v asämcp cmPyt¯¡v \o¡w sN¿p¶Xv
\njn²hpamWv (Xplv^ 3/174).
Nne hn`mK¡mÀ
CÃmXncp¶mÂ
tNmZyw:
kImXv AhIminIfnse Nne hn`mK¡mÀ, DZmlcWambn ]pXphnizmknIÄ, kImXv \nÀ_Ôamb
Øe¯v CÃmXncn¡pIbpw Ab \m«n B hn`mK¡m À DmhpIbpw sNbvXm AhcpsS
hnlnXw am{Xw Ab \m«nte¡v \o¡w sN ¿Â \nÀ_ÔamtWm?
D¯cw : C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp¶p:
kImXv AhIminIfnse Nne hn`mK¡mÀ k ImXv \nÀ_Ôamb cmPy¯v CÃmXncn¡pIbpw
ASp¯ cmPy¯v B hn`mK¡mÀ D mhpIbpw sNbvXm AhcpsS hnlnXhpw IqSn \m«nÂ
F¯n¡s¸« hn`mK§Ä ¡v Xs¶ hnlnXn¨v \ÂtIXmWv. F¶m CXv, AhÀ¡v t\cs¯ e`n¨
hnlnXw AhcpsS Bhiy§Ä¡v aXnbmhmXncn¡pt¼mgmWv. {]XypX, AXv Xs¶ aXnbmb
XpIbps¦nÂ, \m«nenÃm¯ hn`mK¯nsâ hnlnXw Ab cmPy¯pÅ B hn`mK¡mÀ¡v am{Xw
\ÂtIXmWv (Xplv^ 7/174).
t\cs¯ e`n¨ hnlnXw aXnbmhpI
F¶v ]dªXv sImpt±in¡s¸Sp¶Xv Hcp Znhkt¯t¡m BgvNbntet¡m amkt¯t¡m
hÀjt¯t¡m aXnbmhpI F¶Ã. adn¨v Hcp a\pjy³ Pohn¡p¶ km[mcW BbpjvImew(63
hbÊv)]cnKWn¡t¼mÄ C\n Ahtijn¡p¶ hÀj§fnte¡v aXnbmhpI F¶mWv. F¶m kImXv
hm §nb hyàn B hbÊpw Ignªh\msW¦n Hcp hÀjt¯¡v aXnbmb XpIsb¶mWv
taÂ]dªXnsâ Dt±iyw (Xplv^ 7/164).
Cu hniZoIcWa\pkcn¨v \½psS \mSpIfnse
AhIminIÄ kImXv hnlnXw ]ecn \n¶pw e`n¨hcmsW¦nepw C¸dª ImeL«¯nte¡v
aXnbmb XpI AhÀ¡v DSas¸Sp¯m\mhnsöXv hyàamWv. At¸mÄ tNmZy¯n ]dª
hn`mK¯nsâ hnlnXhpw IqSn ChÀ¡v Xs¶ \ÂI \nÀ_ÔamsW¶v hyàambn. C\n
taÂ]dªX\pkcn¨v \ÂInbn«pw _m¡nh¶m ChnsSbnÃm¯hcpw Ab \m«n DÅhcpamb
hn`mK¯n\v am{Xw AXv \ÂI \nÀ_ÔamWv. ChnsSbpÅ hn`mKs¯ Ab \m«nse¯n¡s¸«mepw
\ÂIm³ ]mSnÃ.
^nXzvÀ kImXnsâ Afhv
kImXv \ÂtI
hkvXphnsâ Afhpw Xq¡hpw hyàam¡mtam?
D¯cw : hyàam¡mw.
Hmtcmcp¯cpsSbpw t]cn Hmtcm kzm'Av þ\mep ap±pIÄ (3.200 enäÀ; GItZiw
2.480 Intem{Kmw) ^nXzÀ 'kIm¯v \ÂIWw (Xplv^ 3/319, 320, \nlmb 3/119,
apKv\n 1/405, ^.ap'Cu³ 122). CX\pkcn¨v ]¯p t]À¡v ap¸¯ncv enädmWv hcnI.
{]mbw sN¶hcpw Ip«nIfpw Cu Afhn XpeycmWv.
^nXzvÀ kImXv \ÂtI
hkvXp
tNmZyw
: ^nXzvÀ kImXv \ÂtI hkvXp¡Ä GsXÃmamWv. FhnsSbmWv hnXcWw sNt¿Xv.?
D¯cw : kImXv \nÀ_Ôambhsâ \m«nÂ
apJymlmcambn D]tbmKn¡p¶ hkvXp¡fmWv kImXmbn \ÂtIXv. \½psS \m«nÂ
apJymlmcw AcnbmbXn\m AXv \ÂIWw. Acnsb¡mÄ KpWta·bpÅ tKmX¼v \ÂInbmepw
aXnbmIpw(Xplv^ 3/322). kImXv ZmbIsâtbm AXv hm§p¶hsâtbm apJymlmcw Cu
hnjb¯n ]cnKW\obaÃ. BcpsS kImXmtWm \ÂIp¶Xv Ahsâ \m«nse apJymlmcw B \m«nÂ
Xs¶ sImSp¡Wsa¶mWv \nbaw.
KÄ^v aebmfnIÄ AhnSps¯
apJymlmcamb [m\yw AhnsS Xs¶ hnXcWw sN ¿Ww. \m«nepÅ `mcymk´m\§fpsS
kImXv ChnSps¯ apJymlmcamb Acntbm AXnepw DÂIrjvSamb tKmXt¼m Bbncnt¡Xpw
AXv ChnsS Xs¶ \ÂtIXpamWv. acpa¡Ä AhcpsS ho«nemIpt¼mÄ AhcpsS kImXv
AhnsS Xs¶ \ÂIWw. KÄ^nepÅhcpsS kImXv \m«n \ÂIp¶Xv \ncp]m[nIw A\phZ\obaÃ.
^nXzvÀ kIm¯v ap´n¡Â
tNmZyw
: s]cp¶mÄ Zn\¯n\v ap¼mbn ^nXzvÀ kIm¯v hnXcWw sNbvXm km[phmIptam?
D¯cw: iÆm amk¸ndhntbmsSbmWv
^nXzvÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶sX¦nepw dafzm³ H¶mw cm{XnbpsS Bcw`w apXÂ
sImSp¡mhp¶XmWv. F¶m C{]Imcw BZy¯n sImSp¡p¶Xv \ÃXÃ. A{]Imcw sImSp¡m³
]mSnsö A`n{]mbw IqsS ]cnKWn¨v ]n´n¡p¶Xp Xs¶bmWv D¯aw (AÈ_vdmaÃokn
3/140, _pivd Icow 2/68, iÀhm\n 3/354). C§s\ sImSp¡p¶h\pw hm§p¶h\pw
iÆm BZy\nanj¯n CXv cn\pw (hm§nbh³ hm§m\pw sImSp¯h³ sImSp¡m\pw)
AÀlcmbncn¡Wsa¶ \n_Ô\bpv. dafzm³ Bcw`¯n kImXv hm§nbh³ iÆmÂ
]nd¡pt¼mtg¡v acn¡pItbm apÀ¯±mhpItbm hm§nb kImXv sImÃm¯ \ne ¡v ]W¡mc\mhpItbm
sNbvXm sImSp¯ kz¯v kImXmbn ]cnKWn¡m¯Xpw hopw sImSp¡m³ _m[yØ\mIp¶XpamWv.
C{]Imcw dafzm³ Bcw`¯n k ImXv \ÂInbh³ iÆm ]nd¡pt¼mÄ kImXv sImSp¡m³ _m[yXbnÃm¯
hn[w ]mhs¸«h\mbn amdnbm ta kImXv \ÂIm³ Ah³ _m[yØ\mbncp¶nsöv a\Ênem¡mw.
ap³Iq«n kImXv \ÂIpt¼mgpmIp¶ Cu ]mÀiz^e§Ä kImXv ZmbIÀ {]tXyIw
{i²nt¡XmWv.
^nXzvÀ kIm¯v ]n´n¡Â
tNmZyw
: ^nXzvÀ kImXv \ÂtI kabw hniZoIcn¡mtam?. GsX¦nepw kml Ncy¯n AXv ]n´n¡mtam?
D¯cw : iÆm amk¸ndhntbmsS ^nXzvÀ
kImXv \ÂtI kabambn. s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯n\v Camw XIv_odXp Clvdmw sN¿p¶Xn\v
ap¼v ^nXzvÀ kImXv sImSp¡emWv kp¶Xv. At¶ Znhkw ]Iens\bpw hn«p ]n´n¡Â
ldmamWv. C\n B ]Ien Xs¶bmsW¦nepw s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯n\v tijamIp¶Xv
IdmlXmIpw. F¶m _Ôp, AbÂhmkn, kvt\lnX³, AXymhiy¡mÀ, kÖ\§Ä F¶nhsc {]Xo£n¨Xn\p
thn s]cp¶mÄ Zn\¯nse kqcymkvXabw hsc Bhiym\pkc Ww ]n´n¡Â {]tXyIw kp¶¯mWv
(Xplv^ 3/308, 309, \nlmb & AÈ_vdmaÃokn 3/310, apKv\n 1/402, ^. ap'Cu³
& C'B\¯v 2/174, 175, iÀlp _m^f & IpÀZn 2/154, iÀhm\n 3/309, _mPqcn
1/317). s]cp¶mÄ kqcymkvXa\¯n\p tijhpw ]n´n¡Â IpäIchpw JzfzmAv ho«Â
hfsc s]s«¶mh \nÀ_ÔhpamWv (Xplv^ 3/309, \nlmb 3/310, apKv\n 1/402,
^.ap'Cu³ 173, dufzpXzmen_v & Akv\ aXzmen_v 1/388, iÀlp _m^fv 2/154).
s]cp¶mfpw shÅnbmgvNbpw
tNmZyw:
s]cp¶mfpw shÅnbmgvNbpw H¯ph¶m A¶s¯ PpapA \nÀ_Ôan söpw s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯nÂ
]s¦Sp¯m aXnsb¶pw NneÀ hmZn¡p¶p. \nP ØnXn hniZoIcn¡mtam?
D¯cw : hniZoIcn¡mw. s]cp¶mfpw
shÅnbmgvNbpw H¯ph¶m s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯n ]s¦Sp¯hÀ¡p Ppap'A \nÀhlW _m[yXbnsö
A_²[mcW NneÀ¡pv. hnZqc§fn \n¶pw F¯ns¸Sp¶ {KmahmknIÄ¡p Xncp\_n(kz) \ÂInbncp¶
Nne {]tXyI B\pIqey§sf ]än lZokpIfn ]cmaÀiapv. Cu B\pIqeys¯¡pdn¨pÅ
sXämb [mcWbmWv Nnesc Bib¡pg¸¯nem¡nbXv. CXpkw_Ôambn Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶Xv
ImWpI. s]cp¶mfpw shÅnbmgvNbpw H¯ph¶m s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImcw sImv A¶s¯
Ppap'A Hgnhmbn¡n«psa¶v BÀ¡pw A`n{]mbanÃ. Ppap'A thsd Xs¶ \S¯Wsa¶XmWv
sFIyIWvtT\bpÅ hn[n. F¶m km[mcW PpapAs¡¯ns¸Sm³ {]bmkapÅ {Kma{]tZi¯pImÀ
]ns¶ bpw hnjaw kln¨p Ppap'A¡v ]s¦Sp¡Wtam F¶Xn A`n{]mbm´capv. 'Dkvam\p_v\p
'A^v^m³(d), 'Dadp_v\p 'A_vZp 'Akokv(d), Camw im^n'Cu(d) XpS§n `qcn]£¯nsâbpw
A`n{]mbw C¯cw {KmahnknIÄ¡v A¶s¯ Ppap'A Hgnhm¡mhp¶XmsW¶mWv. CXn\p {]amWambn
A_q CkvlmJpÈodmkn D²cn¡p¶Xv ImWpI.
Hcn¡Â shÅnbmgvN s]cp¶mÄ h¶Wªt¸mÄ
'Dkvam³(d) {]Jym]n¨p. ""P\§tf, C¶p \n§Ä¡p cv s]cp¶mfpIÄ H¯ph¶ncn¡p¶p.
aZo\bpsS Ing¡v `mK¯pÅ 'Benbbn \n¶p hnjaw kln¨p hs¶¯nbhÀ¡v R§tfmsSm¯v
PpapAbn ]¦psImÅpItbm PpapA Hgnhm¡n t]mhpItbm sN¿mw''. 'Dkvam³(d) C§s\
{]Jym]n¨t¸mÄ kzlm_nIfn Bcpw AXns\ hnaÀin¨nà (_pJmcn).
{KmahmknIÄ¡v C§s\ Hcp B\pIqeyw
\ÂInbXv AhcpsS _p²nap«v ]cnKWn¨mWv. AhÀ Ppap'A¡v IqSn \n¶m AXv s]cp¶mÄ
kw_Ôamb Imcy§Ä¡p kab¡pdhv hcp¯pw. {Kma¯nte¡v t]mbn hopw hcmsa¶psh¨mÂ
AXv A¶s¯ kmlNcy¯n Gsd hnjaIchpambncp¶p. hkvXpX CXmbncns¡ C¶v Ppap'A
\S¯m³ FÃm \ne¡pw kuIcyapÅ \mw s]cp¶mfnsâ t]cn Ppap'A Hgnhm¡p¶Xv
CkvemanI hncp²w Xs¶bmWv.
CuZv KmlpIÄ
tNmZyw
: s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯n\mbn C¶v ]ebnS§fnepw CuZv KmlpIÄ Xbm dm¡n hcp¶p.
CkvemanI Zyãym, C¯cw KmlpIfn sh¨pÅ \nkvImcw ]ÅnI fn sh¨pÅ \nkvImcs¯¡mÄ
D¯aamtWm?
D¯cw : Hcn¡epw D¯aaÃ. s]cp¶mÄ
\nkvImcw CuZv KmlpIfn sh¨v \nÀh ln¡p¶Xns\¡mÄ t{ijvTambXv ]Ånbn sh¨p
Xs¶bmbncn¡emWv. Camw \hhn(d) ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI: ""{]_eamb A`n{]mbw s]cp¶mÄ
\nkvImcw ]Ånbn sh¨pXs¶ \nÀÆln¡Wsa¶mWv. ]Ån hnimeambncns¡ ssaXm\nbn \nkvIcn¡p¶Xv
AXyp¯aambXns\ Dt]£n¡emWv''.
]ÅnbmWtÃm apkvenwIfpsS Bcm[\mebw.
]Ån¡pÅ alXzhpw {]m[m\yhpw hr¯nbpw, IqSpXÂ `àn k½m\n¡m\pÅ kmlNcyhpsaÃmw
Cu hn[n¡p \nan¯ambn ]WvVnX·mÀ Nqn¡m«p¶p. F¶m \_n(kz) ssaXm\nbn sh¨v
\n kv Icn¨Xv AhnSps¯ ]Ån sNdpXmbXv sImmbncp¶p. Cu ]dª c`n{]mbw Xs¶
akvPnZp ldmw AÃm¯ ]Ånsb At]£n¨mWv. akvPnZp ldmanemIpt¼mÄ ssaXm\nsb¡mÄ
D¯aw ]Ån Xs¶bmsW¶Xn ]£m´canÃ. akvPnZp  ldmansâ t{ijvTX, I'Av_sb
ZÀin¡pI XpS§nb alXzapÅXmWv CXn\p ImcWw. C\n ]Ånbn P\§Ä DÄs¡mÅmsX h¶mÂ
kuIcyapÅhsc sImv ]Ånbn sh¨v \nkvIcn¡p¶tXmsS _m¡nbpÅhsc sImv asämcp
Øe¯v \n kvIcn¡m³ kuIcytaÀs¸Sp¯Ww''(Xplv^ 2/47, 48 t\m¡pI). F¶m CsXm ¶pw
]cnKWn¡msXbmWv shdpw ]cnjvImc¯nsâ t]cn C¶p NneÀ henb {]Nc W§Ä \ÂIn
ssaXm\ \nkvImcw kwLSn¸n¡p¶Xv.
s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImchpw kv{XoIfpw
tNmZyw:
s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImcw kv{XoIÄ¡pw ]ÅnIfntem KmlpIfntem sh¨p Pam A¯mbn \nkvIcn¡emWv
]pWysa¶v NneÀ AhImis¸Sp¶p. CXv icnbmtWm?
D¯cw : XoÀ¯pw AhmkvXhamb
AhImihmZamWXv. kv{XoIÄ CuZv \nkvImc¯n\p ]¦psImÅWsa¶Xn\v Hcp sXfnhpw
ImWm³ km[n¡pIbnÃ.
s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImc¯n\p kv{XoIÄ
sslfpImcnIfS¡w cwK¯nd§nb Hcp lZokmWv ChcpsS ]pÂs¡mSn. Hcp {]tXyI
kmlNcy¯n {]hmNI³ ]pd¸Sphn¨ Hcp Blzm\s¯XpSÀ¶mbncp¶p AXv. apkvenw P\kwJy
i{Xp¡Ä¡v t_m[ys¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¡m\pw {]tXyI {]mÀY\ \S¯m\pambncp¶p AXv.
BÀ¯hImcnIÄ hsc F¯Wsa¶p ]dªXv CXpsImmWv. BÀ¯hImcnIÄ¡v \nkvIcn¡m³ ]mSnsöv
BÀ¡mWdnªpIqSm¯Xv. Ckvemansâ BZyIme¯mbncp¶p Cu kw`hw.
]qÀÆImes¯ At]£n¨v C¡me¯v
kv{XoIfpsS ]Ån{]thiw KpcpXcamb kmaqlnI {]iv\§Ä Dm¡p¶pv. {]apJ ]WvVnX\mb
Camw C_v\plPdn sslXan(d) ]dªXv C¡me¯v kv{Xo ]Ån{]thiw ldmamsW¶mWv.
CubSnØm\¯n kv{XoIÄ s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImchpw AhcpsS ho«nÂsh¨p \nÀhln¡Ww.
hniZ ]T\¯n\v "s]cp¶mÄ \nkvImcw' F¶ teJ\¯nse "s]cp¶mÄ \nkvIm chpw
kv{XoIfpw' F¶ `mKw a\kncp¯n hmbn¨p kXyw {Kln¡pI.
icochpambn _Ôs¸« kImXv
tNmZyw:
^nXvzÀ kImXv F´v? F´n\v?
D¯cw: icochpambn _Ôs¸«
kImXmWv ^nXvzÀ kImXv. a\pjycpsS imcocnI Bßob ip²oIcWamWv CXpsImv e£yam¡p¶Xv.
Camw im^nCu(d)bpsS Kpcphcycmb hIoAv(d) ]dbp¶p: \nkvImc¯n hcp¶ \yq\XIÄ¡v
klvhnsâ kqPqZv ]cnlmcamIp¶Xpt]mse dafzm³ t\m¼n kw`hn¡p¶ \yq\XIÄ¡v ]cncmlmcw
IqSnbmWv ^nXvzÀ kImXv. ""^nXvzÀ kImXv t\m¼pImc\v ip²oIcWamsW¶'' \_n hN\w
CXn¶v _ew \ÂIp¶p (^XvlpÂapCu³ t]Pv :171).
^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xv BÀ¡v
tNmZyw:
^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xv BÀ¡v? Ft¸mÄ?
D¯cw: A\ptbmPyamb hoSv,
Bhiyamb ]cnNmcI³, s]cp¶mÄ Znhk¯nse cm]IepIfn X\n¡pw Xm³ NnehpsImSp¡Â
\nÀ_ÔambhÀ¡papÅ `£Ww, hkv{Xw XpS§nb NnehpIÄ¡pÅ XpIbpw IShpw Ign¨v hÃ
[\hpw _m¡nbpÅ hyàn¡mWv ^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamhpI. ChÀ kzicoc¯n\pthnbpw
Xm³ Nnehv sImSp¡Â \nÀ_ÔambhcpsS icoc¯n\pthnbpw ^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂIWw.
_p²n, {]mb]qÀ¯n, XtâSw, kzX{´\mh XpS§nbh ^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_Ôamhm³ \n_Ô\bÃ.
At¸mÄ {`m´³, Ip«n, _p²namµy³, ASna F¶nhÀ¡pthnbpw ^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂtIXmWv.
A]mcamb k¼¯v ^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xn\pÅ
\n_Ô\bsöv C tXmsS hyàambn. kImXv kzoIcn¡m³ AÀlcmbhÀ Xs¶ Nne kµÀ`§fnÂ
kImXv \ÂIm\pw _m[yØcmIpw. ]cen \n¶mbn kImXv t\cs¯ e`n¡pIbpw {]kvXpX
hkvXp¡Ä apIfn ]dª Bhiy§fpw Ign¨v _m¡nbmhpIbpw sNbv Xm Ah³ kImXv
\ÂIm³ _m[yØ\mWv.
dafzm\nsâ Ahkm\ `mKhpw iÆmÂ
amk¯nse BZy `mKhpw IqSn Hcmfn Hcpan¡pt¼mgmWv ^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xv.
C¯cw HchØ Hcmfn CÃmXncp¶m B hÀjs¯ ^nXvzÀ kImXv AbmÄ¡v \nÀ_ÔanÃ.
dafzm³ Bhkm\t¯msS acn¡pI, iÆmenâ BZy`mK¯v P\n¡pI, iÆm ]ndhntbmsS HcmÄ
apkv enamhpI XpS§nb cq]§Ä kImXv \nÀ_ÔanÃm¯Xn\pÅ DZmlcW§fmWv. F ¶mÂ
dafzm³ amk¯nsâ Ahkm\¯n P\n¡p¶ Ipªv iÆm ]nd¡p¶Xn\pap¼v
acn¡mXncn¡pItbm, Asæn iÆm ]nd¶ DSs\ acWs¸SpItbm sNbv Xm B Ipªn\pthn
Xsâ c£nXmhv kImXv \ÂIm³ _m[yØ\mWv.
{]mb]qÀ¯n
F¯nb apXAÃnw
tNmZyw:
{]mb]qÀ¯n F¯nb apXAÃnansâ ^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂI ]nXmhn\v _m[yXbptm?
D¯cw: Dv. A\ptbmPyamb
tPmen¡v Ignbp¶ henb aIsâ kImXv \ÂI ]nXmhnsâ ta _m[yXbsöv ^XvlpÂ
apCu³ t]Pv: 172 epw Xplv^ 3/325 epw hyàam¡nbn«pv. A\ptbmPyamb tPmen¡v
Ignbp¶ henb aIsâ Nnehv ]nXmhnsâ ta \nÀ_ÔansöXmWv CXn\p ImcWw. F¶mÂ
C_v\p lPÀ(d) ]dbp ¶p: hnPvRm\w ]Tn¡p¶Xv ImcWw tPmen¡v Akm[yamhpItbm
tPmen FSp¡Â ]XnhnÃmXncn¡pItbm sNbvX henb aI\v Nnehv \ÂIÂ \nÀ_ÔamsW¶v
Camw AZv dCu(d) hniIe\w sNbvXn«pv (Xplv^ 8/347).
^nXvzÀ kImXn ap³KW\ \ÂtIXv
tNmZyw:
^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂIÂ \nÀ_Ôamb hyànbpsS ssIhiw, Xsâbpw Xm ³ Nnehv \ÂIÂ \nÀ_ÔambhcpsSbpw
^nXvzÀ kImXn\mhiyamb XpI ]qÀW ambnsæn BcpsS kImXn\mWv ap³KW\ \ÂtIXv?
D¯cw: Camw \hhn (d) FgpXp¶p:
BZy ]cnKW\ kzicoc¯n\mWv. tijw `mcy, sNdnb k´m\§Ä, ]nXmhv, amXmhv, henb
a¡Ä F¶ {Ia¯nepamWv kImXv \ÂtIXv(an³lmPv). Cu hm¡pIÄ hymJym\n¨v C_v\p
lPÀ(d) FgpXp¶p: \nsâ kzicocw sImv \o Bcw`n¡pI., tijw \o Nnehv \ÂIÂ \nÀ_ÔambhscsImpsa¶
_pJmcn(d), apkvenw(d) \nthZ\w sNbvX lZokpw, \nsâ icocw sImv Bcw`n¡pI,
tijw hÃXpw _m¡n h¶m \nsâ Alven\v(`mcy) th nbpw ]n¶oSv hÃXpaps¦n \nsâ
IpSpw_¯n\p thnbpw kzZJ(^nXvzÀ kImXv) \ÂIpI F¶ Camw apkvenw(d) \nthZ\w
sNbvX lZokpw CXn\v sXfnhmWv (Xplv^ 3/318).
Ip«nIÄ¡p hogvNbnÃ
tNmZyw:
t\m¼n hcp¶ hogvNIÄ ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\mWtÃm ^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_Ôam¡nbXv. At¸mÄ
t\m¼v \nÀ_ÔanÃm¯ Ip«nIÄ¡pthn F´n\mWv ^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂIp¶Xv?
D¯cw: t\m¼n hcp¶ hogvNIÄ ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\mWv
^nXvzÀ kImXv \nÀ_Ôam¡nbsX¶ tNmZyIÀ¯mhnsâ [mcW icnbÃ. ^Xvlp apCu³ ]dª
Hcp D²cWn sXämbn a\Ênem¡nbXmWv Cu [mcW¡v ImcWw. ^XvDÂ apCu\nsâ hm¡pIÄ
C{]ImcamWv: “\nkvImcs¯
At]£n¨v klvhnsâ kpPqZv t]msebm Wv dafzm³ amks¯ At]£n¨v ^nXzÀ kImsX¶v
hIoAv(d) {]kvXmhn¨ncn¡p¶p. \nkvImc¯nse \yq\XIÄ klvhnsâ kpPqZv sImv ]cnlcn¡s¸Sp¶Xpt]mse
t\m¼nse \yq\XIÄ ^nXvzÀ kImXv sImpw ]cnlcn¡s¸Sp¶p. ^nXvzÀ kImXv
t\m¼pImcs\ ip²oIcn¡p¶XmsW¶ kzlolmb \_nhN\w CXn\v _ew \ÂIp¶p”
(^Xvlp apCu³ t]Pv 171). t\m¼n hcp¶ hogvNIÄ ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\pthnbmWv ^nXvzÀ
kImXv \nÀ_Ôam¡nbXv F¶Ã C¸dªn\v AÀ Yw. adn¨v ^nXvzÀ kImXv \ÂIp¶XneqsS
Cu Imcyw \S¡p¶psh¶v am{Xw. F ¶m ^nXvzÀ kImXv
\nÀ_Ôam¡nbXv(imcocnI)ip²oIcW¯n\pthnbmsW¶v C_v\p lPÀ(d) Xplv^ 3/319 Â
{]kvXmhn¨n«pv. Cu ]dª ip²oIcWw t\m¼v \nÀ_ÔanÃm¯ Ip«nIÄ¡pw _m[IamsW¶v
hyàamWtÃm. |