kapZmb¯nsâ
t\Xm¡fpw amXrIm]pcpj·mcpw {]Imi Zo]§fpw kwc£Icpw ktµihmlIcpamb
kzlm_Indmw (d) AhcpsS Im¸mSpIÄ ]n´pSÀ¶p Ckveman\v tkh\aÀ¸n¨p ke^pÊzmenlpIÄ
apXemb almßm¡sf AÃmlp _lpam\n¨ {]Imcw _lpam\n¡pIbpw AhÀ¡Àlamb ]Zhn \ÂIpIbpw
AhcpsS t\sc `àymZchpItfmSv IqSn hÀ¯n¡pIbpw Ahsc kw_Ôn¨pÅ hnaÀi\m[nt£]§fpsS
amen\y¯n \n¶v \mhns\ ]cnip²am¡pIbpw sN¿pI \nÀ_ÔamsW¶pÅXv AlvepÊp¶¯n
h PamA¯nsâ ASnØm\ XXzamWv. hn]coXambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶hÀ ap_vXZnDIfpw ]ng¨hcpw
]ng¸n¡p¶hcpw AÃmlphnsâ tIm]¯n\pw im]¯n\pw ]m{Xo`qXcpamWv.
kÀhià\pw
temI\nb´mhpamb AÃmlp cv I£nIfpsS t\scbmWv kacw {]Jym]n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. (1)
]eni CS]mSpImÀ. (2) Ahsâ Huenbm¡tfmSv i{XpXbn hÀ¯n¡p¶hÀ.
]eni CS]mSpImsc
A`napJoIcn¨psImv ]cnip² JpÀB\n AÃmlp C§s\ ]dbp¶p: "kXyhnizmknIsf,
\n§Ä kXyhnizmknIfmsW¦n AÃmlphns\ kq£n¡pIbpw ]enibn In«m³ _m¡nbpÅXv
hn«pIfbpIbpw sN¿pI. A§s\ \n§Ä sN¿p¶nsæn AÃmlphnsâbpw Ahsâ ZqXsâbpw
]£¯p\n¶pmIp¶ (iIvXamb) kacs¯¡pdn¨v \n§fdnªncn¡pI'' (AÂ_Jd 278 þ 279).
cmas¯ I£nIsf
kw_Ôn¨p \_n (kz) AÃmlphn \n¶n§s\ D²cn¡p¶p: "Fsâ hen¿nsâ t\sc Bsc¦nepw
(a\Êm hmNm IÀ½Wm) hntZzj¯nepw i{XpXbnepw hÀ¯n¨m Ah\p Rm³ kacw sImv
Adnbn¸v \ÂInbncn¡p¶p' (_pJmcn).
]cnip² Zo\pÂ
Ckvemw \ap¡v e`n¨Xv \_n (kz) bpsS A\pbmbnIÄ aptJ\bmWv. AhcpsS t\sc
Bt£]mkv{X§Ä sXmSp¯phnSpIbpw AhcpsS hnizkvXXsb tNmZyw sN¿pIbpw Ahsc
AhtlfnXcmbn Nn{XoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pIsb¶Xv bYmÀY¯n CkvemanI ku[s¯ X«n¯IÀ¯p
Xcn¸Wam¡n Pmlnen¿¯pw \nÀaXXzhpw {]Ncn¸n¡m\pÅ \oNhpw \nIrjvShpamb HcShv
am{XamWv.
AÃmam
A_qkpÀAXpÀdmkn (d) ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI: ""\_n (kz) bpsS A\pNc·mcnÂ
Bscsb¦nepw HcmÄ A[nt£]n¡p¶Xmbn \o Im Ah³ knµoJv (aX\ntj[n) BsW¶v \o
IcpXpI. F´psIms¶m \_n (kz) bpsS cnkme¯v (ZuXyw) kXyamWv. AhnSp¶v
sImph¶ ]cnip² JpÀB\pw kXyamWv. AXv \ap¡v F¯n¨pX¶Xv kzlm_x (d) BWv.
Bt£]w ]dbp¶hcpsS Dt±iyw \½psS km£nIÄ hnizmktbmKycsöv hcp¯n¯oÀ¡epw
XZzmcm JpÀB\pw kp¶¯pw Ahnizk\obam¡n¯oÀ¡epamWv. F¶m kzlm_Xns\
A[nt£]n¡p¶hcmWv knµoJpIfpw Bt£]mÀlcpw'' (AÂ Ckm_, hmeyw 1, t]Pv 11).
inbm¡Ä,
dm^nfnIÄ, JhmcnPpIÄ XpS§nb ap_vXZnDIÄ kzlm_Xns\ kw_Ôn¨p \nch[n Bt£]§Ä
D¶bn¨n«pv. alm·mcmb CamapIÄ {]kvXpX Bt£]§Ä¡v hmbS¸³ adp]Sn \ÂIpIbpw
AhcpsS ]cnip²mhØ {]Xy£s¸Sp¯pIbpw sNbvXn«papv. PamAs¯ CkvemanbpsS
Øm]It\Xmhmb A_p AAvem auZqZn F´v \ne]mSv Xmsg hnhcn¡p¶ kwKXnIfn \n¶v
{Kln¡mhp¶XmWv.
At±lw FgpXp¶p:
""Gähpw BÝcyIcamb Hcp kwKXn CXmWv. Fs´¶m hnhn[ L«§fn \_n (kz) bpsS
Akzvlm_nIsf a\pjy klPamb Nne ZuÀ_ey§Ä IogS¡n¡fªncp¶p. (AhcnsemcmÄ
asämcmsf kw_Ôn¨p hymPw ]dbp¶hs\¶p ]dªv Btcm]Ww \S¯nbncn¡p¶p.) hnXvÀ
\nkvImcw \nÀ_Ôansöv A_qlpdbvdx (d) A`n{]mbs¸«ncn¡p¶psh¶ hmÀ¯ C_v\pDaÀ
(d) tI«t¸mÄ A_qlpdbvdx (d) sb Bt£]n¨psImv At±lw C§s\ ]dªp:
"A_qlpdbvdx (d) hymPw ]dbp¶ BfmWv.'
BCix (d) Hcn¡Â A\kv d),
A_qkCuZpÂJpZvcn (d) F¶o cpt]sc kw_Ôn¨p C§s\ ]dªp: AhÀs¡´v lZokv
Adnbmw. AhÀ A¡me¯v Ip«nIfmbncp¶ntÃ?
""lk³ (d) l{kXv Aen (d) tbmSv
imlnZv, aivlqZv F¶o ]Z§fpsS AÀYsa´msW¶v tNmZn¨p. At±lw AXnsâ AÀYw
hnhcn¨p sImSp¯p. At¸mÄ HcmÄ C§s\ ]dªp: "C_v\pDaÀ (d) hpw C_v\p
kpss_dpw (d) asämcp hn[¯nemWtÃm AÀYw ]dªXv. Aen (d) ]dªp: "AhÀ
cpt]cpw hymPw ]dbp¶hcmWv.' apKodXp_v\p ipAv_x (d) sb kw_Ôn¨p hymPw ]dbp¶
Bsf¶v Aen (d) Bt£]n¨ncp¶p. D_mZXp_v\pÊzmanXv (d) Hcp akvAe
hnhcn¨psImv akvDuZv _v\p Hukp Akocn(d) Ifhp ]dbp¶ BfmsW¶v ]dªncp¶p.
F¶m At±lw _ZÀ bp²¯n ]s¦Sp¯ Hcp alm\mbncp¶p' (X^vloam¯v, `mKw 294).
F¶m auZqZn {]kvXpX Btcm]W§fp¶bn¨Xn\v
bmsXmcp k\Zpw (\nthZI·mcpsS ]c¼c) hnhcn¨n«nÃ. GXp {KÙ¯n \n¶p²cn¨XmsW¶pw
hyàam¡nbn«nÃ. IqSmsX Cu Btcm]W§fpsS bYmÀY Dt±iyw F´mbncp¶psh¶pw
hyàam¡nbn«nÃ. hmkvXh¯n CsXÃmw _lp. kzlm_Xns\ Xcw Xmgv¯phm\pw
Ahsc¡pdn¨v apkvenwIÄ¡pÅ hnizmkw \in¸n¡m\pw A_p AAvem auZqZn A\mhiyambn
{]tbmKn¨ IpX{´amWv. hyàhpw A\ntj[yhpamb sXfnhpIÄ aptJ\ kzlm_Xnsâ D¶XmhØbpw
]cnip²nbpw sXfnªncns¡ C¯cw "ASnbpd¸nÃm¯ Bt£]§Ä' H¶pw Xs¶ kzoIcn¡m³ \nhr¯nbnÃ.
JpÀB\n\pw lZokn\pw AlvepÊp¶¯v
h PamA¯nsâ sFIyIWvtT\bpÅ Xocpam\¯n\pw hncp²amb Bt£]§Ä aptJ\
kzlm_mIndmw (d) s\ kw_Ôn¨v AhtlfnXcpw ]m]nIfpw kzoIcn¡m³
sImÅcpXm¯hcpamsW¶v hcp¯n¯oÀ¡pI am{XamWv At±l¯nsâ Dt±iysa¶p \njv{]bmkw
{Kln¡m³ Ignbpw. l{kXv DaÀ (d) \_n (kz) bpsS A\pbmbnIfn hfscb[nIw {]m[m\yapÅ
Hcp alm\msW¶Xv kp{]kn²amWv. At±l¯nsâ Cuam³ ]cn]qÀWambn«nsöpw
AÔhnizmk¯nsâ Nne AhinjvS§Ä At±l¯n IpSnsImÅp¶ps¶pw X¶nan¯amWv \_n (kz)
h^mXmb DSs\ B hmÀ¯ k½Xn¡m³ Hcp§m¯sX¶pamWv auZqZn ]dbp¶Xv (XÀPpam\pÂJpÀB³.
2, 4. d_oDÂ BJnÀ ln. 57).
ZkvXqÀ PamAs¯ Ckveman F¶ {KÙ¯nÂ
C§s\ FgpXp¶p: ""\_n (kz) sb AÃmsX aämscbpw Xs¶ kXy¯nsâ am\ZWvVw (anAvbmsd
lJv) Bbn KWn¡cpXv. Bcpw Xs¶ hnaÀi\¯n \n¶p hnapàcmsW¶p
hnizkn¡pIbpacpXv. BcpwXs¶ A\pIcn¡m³ ]änbhcmsW¶p IcpXpIbpw sN¿cpX''
(t]. 5). Iena Xz¿n_bpsS cmas¯ LSIamb apl½ZpÀdkqepÃmln F¶Xnsâ hymJym\¯nemWv
CsXgpXnbXv.
{i²n¡pI, \_n (kz) bpsS A\pbmbnIsftbm
aäp alm·msctbm kXy¯nsâ am\ZWvVambn kzoIcn¡m\pw ]n´pScm\pw ]mSnsöp
hcpt¼mÄ kwKXnbpsS Kuchw FhnsS F¯n¡gnªp? kzlm_Xv ]n´pScm\ÀlcmsW¶pw Ahsc
]n´pSc Hcp apkvenansâ Hgn¨pIqSm¯ IÀ¯hyamsW¶pw hnfnt¨mXp¶ sXfnhpIÄ [mcmfapv.
Ahbn NneXnhnsS D²cn¡mw.
\_n (kz) AcpÄ sN¿p¶p: ""Fsâ
A\pbmbnIÄ (Akzvlm_v) (BImi¯nepÅ) Xmc§Ä t]msebmWv. Ahcn Bsc \n§Ä ]n´pSÀ¶mepw
\n§Ä k·mÀK {]m]vXcmbn¯ocp¶XmWv'' (dko³).
CÀ_m\p_v\p kmcnbx (d) C§s\ ]dbp¶p:
\_n (kz) Hcp Znhkw R§sf A`napJoIcn¨psImv AXnKw`ocamsbmcp {]kwKw
sNbvXp. AXv \nan¯w lrZb§Ä `b¶pt]mhpIbpw \b\§Ä A{ip Hgp¡pIbpw sNbvXp.
kZkycn \ns¶mcmÄ Fgpt¶äp \n¶p C§s\ ]dªp: AÃmlphnsâ ZqXtc, CsXmcp
hnShm§Â {]kwKw t]msebmbncn¡p¶phtÃm. AXpsImv R§fpsS `mhnc£¡mbn Bhiyamb
D]tZiw \ÂInbmepw. At¸mÄ AhnSp¶v C§s\ D]tZin¨p: AÃmlphnsâ hn[nhne¡pIÄ¡v
Iogvs¸«v Pohn¡pI. Hcp \ot{Km ASna \n§fpsS `cWIÀ¯mhmbmepw Ahsâ BÚIÄ A\pkcn¨psImÅpI.'
""Fsâ tijw Pohn¡p¶hÀ \nch[n
A`n{]mb hyXymk§Ä It¡pw. A§s\bpÅ L«§fn Fsâbpw k·mÀK{]m]vXcmb Fsâ Jpe^mDÀdminZnsâbpw
amÀKw AhÀ Ahew_n¨psImÅpIbpw AXnt·Â ISn¨p]nSn¡pIbpw sNbvXpsImÅs«.
aX¯nsâ ASnØm\ XXz§Ä¡v \nc¡m¯ \qX\ k{¼Zmb§Ä ssIshSnbpI. A¯cw kwKXnIÄ
(A\mNmc§fpw ZpÀ\S¸pIfpw) \cI¯nepamWv'' (AlvaZv, A_qZmhqZv, XnÀapZn,
C_v\pamP).
C_v\pakvDuZv (d) ]dbp¶p: ""Bsc¦nepw
BNmcm\pjvTm\§Ä kzoIcn¡p¶]£w acn¨pt]mb almßm¡fmb Akzvlm_nIsf ]n´pSÀ¶psImÅs«.
AhÀ kapZmb¯n sh¨p t{ijvTcpw ]cnip² lrZbcpw Zo\ns\ kwc£n¡m\pw \_nbpambn
klhkn¡m\pambn AÃmlphn\m XncsªSp¡s¸«hcpamWv. AhcpsS ]Zhn a\Ênem¡pIbpw
AhcpsS Im¸mSpIÄ ]n´pScpIbpw AhcpsS kz`mh§Ä, \S]Sn k{¼Zmb§Ä F¶nhbnÂ
\n¶p Ignbp¶Xpw kzoIcn¨psImÅpIbpw sN¿pI. AhÀ sNmÆmb ]mXbn¡qSn
Nen¨hcmWv. (dko³) taep²cn¨ hmIy§fn \n¶p kzlm_¯ns\ ]n³]ämsX apkÂam\mbn
Pohn¡pI Akm[yamsW¶pw Ahsc A\pIcn¡Â GsXmcp apkÂam\pw A\nhmcyambXmsW¶pw
kv]jvSamIp¶pv. F¶m auZqZnbpsS A`n{]mbw CXnÂ\n¶pw hn`n¶amsW¶pw At±lw
Nen¡p¶ ]mX asäm¶msW¶pw {Kln¡mw.
At¸mÄ \mw \½psS Bßip²n
Dd¸phcp¯pIbpw aäpÅhcpsS Ipä§fpw IpdhpIfpw Xncªp\S¡p¶Xv Hgnhm¡pIbpw
alm·mcmb ]qÀÆnIsc¡pdn¨v Fs´¦nepw AhÚm]qÀÆapÅ Bt£]w \½psS `mK¯p \n¶pmIp¶Xv
XoÀ¯pw Hgnhm¡pIbpw thWw. C§s\ Bßmhns\ kwkvIcn¡m\pw ]cn]qÀWhnPbw t\Sm\pw
kÀÆià³ Xu^oJv sN¿s«. Bao³. |