Zo\nÂ
BZÀi\njvTbnÃm¯ Nnecn ImWmdpÅ Hcp ZpjvsNbvXnbmWnXv. ]ckv]cw
hntZzj¯nepw `n¶n¸nepw hÀ¯n¡p¶ cv I£nIfpsS a²y¯n {]thin¨p Hmtcm
I£nsbbpw {]oWn¸n¡pIbpw adpI£nsb Bt£]n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ Nnecpv. NneÀ
cv I£nIsfbpw kao]n¨p Hmtcmcp¯cpw kzoIcn¨ \ne]mSv \ymboIcn¡pw.
AXsæn Hmtcm I£ntbmSpw klmb hmKvZ¯w sN¿pw. Asæn HcmfpsS km¶n[y¯nÂ
Abmsf {]iwkn¡pIbpw A`mh¯n Zpjn¨p ]dbpIbpw sN¿pw. Cu kz`mh§sfÃmw
Xs¶ hÀ¯am\¯n CcpapJ\bw kzoIcn¡pI F¶Xn DÄs¸Sp¶p. kzmÀY XmXv]cyw
kwc£n¡pIsb¶ Dt±iy¯n \n¶pw Im]Sy¯n \n¶pamWv {]kvXpX kz`mhw
DSseSp¡p¶Xv.
I]ShnizmknIfpsS
ZpÀKpW§Ä hnhcn¡pIbpw AhÀ kzoIcn¨ h©\mßI§fmb \S]SnIsf A[nt£]n¡pIbpw
sNbvXpsImv ]cnip² JpÀB³ C§s\ ]dbp¶p: kXyhnizmkw kzoIcn¨ BfpIsf
AhÀ (I]ShnizmknIÄ) ImWpt¼mÄ R§Ä (BßmÀYambn) hnizkn¨ncn¡p¶psh¶v
AhÀ ]dbpw. (A\´cw) AhcpsS ]nimNp¡sf (hgn]ng¸n¡p¶ t\Xm¡sf) X\n¨p
ImWpt¼mÄ R§Ä \n§fpsS IqsS Xs¶bmWv. R§Ä Ahsc (apkvenwIsf) ]cnlkn¡pI
am{XamWv sN¿p¶Xv F¶p ]dbpIbpw sN¿pw. AÃmlp Ahsc ]cnlkn¡pIbpw (AhcpsS
]cnlmk¯n\\ptbmPyamb in£ \ÂIpIbpw) AÔcmbns¡mv AhcpsS AXn{Ia{]hÀ¯\§fnÂ
hnlcn¨psImÅm³ AhÀ¡v CSsImSp¡pIbpw sN¿pw. k·mÀ¤s¯ hnäp ZpÀamÀKs¯
]Icw hm§nbhcs{X AhÀ (AXv hensbmcp t\«amsW¶v AhÀ hnNmcn¡p¶ps¦nepw)
AhcpsS I¨hSw em`Icambn«nÃ. AhÀ k·mÀK {]m]vXcmIbpw sNbvXnà (kqdx
AÂ_Jd, 13 apXÂ 16 hsc).
apkvenwIfmb \n§fpsS
ØnXnKXnIÄ Däpt\m¡ns¡mncn¡p¶hcmWhÀ (ap\m^nJpIÄ) AXmbXv AÃmlphnsâ
]¡Â \n¶v hà hnPbhpw \n§Ä¡v e`n¨m (\n§fpsS klmbnIfmWhsc¶v tXm¶n¡pamdv)
AhÀ ]dbpw. R§fpw \n§fpsS IqsS Bbncp¶ntÃ. (AXpsImv Cu hnPb¯nÂ
R§fpw ]¦mfnIfmWv. kXy\ntj[nIÄ¡mWv hnPb¯nsâ hà Awihpw e`n¨sX¦nÂ
C¡q«À X§fpsS tkh\w s]m¡n¸nSn¨psImv) AhtcmSv ]dbpw. (apkvenw
]£¯p tNÀ¶psImv) \n§sf Pbn¨S¡m³ R§Ä¡v Ignhpmbn«pw AXn\v
Hcps¼SmXncn¡pIbpw Ahcn \n¶p R§Ä \n§sf c£n¡pIbpw sNbvXntÃ? F¶mÂ
AÃmlp kXyhnizmknIpsSbpw I]ShnizmknIfpsSbpanSbn ]p\cp°m\Znhkw
hn[n I¸n¡p¶XmWv. (Cu I]ShnizmknIÄ F{XXs¶ ]cn{ian¡s«)
kXyhnizmknIÄs¡Xncmbn (hnPbw t\tSXn\v) kXy\ntj[nIÄ¡v AÃmlp hgn
Xpd¶psImSp¡pIbnÃ. I]ShnizmknIÄ AhcpsS CcpapJ {]hÀ¯\§Ä aqew
AÃmlphns\ h©n¡msa¶v IcpXp¶p. AÃmlp AhcpsS {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v X¡Xmb in£ \ÂIp¶XmWv.
AhÀ \nkvImc¯n\p \n¶m Aek·mcmbn«mWv \n¡pI. \nkvIcn¡pIbmsW¶v AhÀ
P\§sf ImWn¡pw. F¶m A¸w am{XaÃmsX AÃmlphns\ AhÀ kvacn¡pIbnÃ. (am{XaÃ)
Cu I£nbnepw B I£nbnepw s]SmsX AXv cn\panSbn AhÀ BSns¡mp \n¡p¶XmWv.
AÃmlp hÃhs\bpw hgn]ng¸n¨m Ahs\ \¶m¡m\pÅ amÀKw \o ImWpIbnÃ' (kqdx
\nkmAv 141 þ 143).
I]ShnizmknIÄ kzoIcn¨
Ccp apJ \S]SnIsfbmWv ta hN\§Ä kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv. apkvenwIfpsS ASp¡Â
sN¶m Hcp \ne]mSpw AhnizmknIfpsS ASp¡Â sN¶m AXn \n¶p
hyXykvXamb asämcp \ne]mSpamWv AhÀ ssIs¡mncp¶Xv. i{Xp¡fpambpmb
bp²¯n apkvenwIÄ¡v hnPbw ssIh¶m hnPb¯nsâ B\pIqey§fn ]¦p e`n¡m³
AhÀ apkvenwIfmbn¨abp¶p. t\scadn¨v AapkvenwIÄ¡mWv hnPbsa¦n R§fpw
\n§fpsS I£nbnÂs¸«Xn\m \n§fpsS hnPb¯n\v R§fmWv ImcW`qXsc¶pw X¶nan¯w
\n§fpsS hnPbm\qIqey§fn R§ Ä¡pw ]¦pmbncn¡Wsa¶pw AhÀ hmZn¡p¶p.
C¯cw CcpapJ \S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¡p¶ ]escbpw C¶v kapZmb¯n ImWm³ Ignbp¶XmWv. ChcmWv
kapZmb¯nsâ bYmÀY i{Xp¡Ä. Chcn \n¶v kw`hnt¨¡mhp¶ B]¯pIÄ Xptemw
KpcpXcambncn¡pw. `qXIme¯v C¯c¡mcpsS I¿m kapZmb¯n\v \nch[n \mi§Ä
kw`hn¨n«pv. `mhnbnepw A\p`hw AXpXs¶bmbncn¡pw. \_n (kz) C§s\
AcpÄ sN¿p¶p CcpapJ \S]Sn ssIs¡mÅp¶hsc ]p\cp°m\ Znhkw Gähpw \nIrjvScmb
ASnaIfpsS Iq«¯n ImWmhp¶XmWv (_pJmcn, apkvenw).
A_qlpdbvdx (d) ]dbp¶p:
"CcpapJ·mÀ Hcn¡epw AÃmlphnsâ ]¡Â hnizkvXcmbncn¡bnà (Clvbm).
C_v\pakvDuZv (d) ]dbp¶p:
"\n§Ä Imäphoip¶ `mKt¯s¡Ãmw BSns¡mncn¡p¶ Ahkc tkhI·mcmIcpXv. C_v\p
DaÀ (d) hnt\mSv HcmÄ C§s\ ]dªp: R§Ä `cWIÀ¯m¡fpsS km¶n[y¯n Hcp
cq]¯nepw AhcpsS A`mh¯n asämcp cq]¯nepw kwkmcn¡mdpv. C_v\p DaÀ
(d) ]dªp: "\_n (kz) bpsS Ime¯v C¯cw \ne]mSv I]Shnizmk¯nsâ Hcn\ambn«mbncp¶p
R§Ä IW¡m¡nbncp¶Xv (Xz_vdm\n).
A\y·msc Bt£]n¨p
kwkmcn¡p¶Xv h¼n¨ sXämbXv Hcmsf kvXpXn¨p ]dbp¶Xp sImpw Nne `hnjy¯pIÄ
kw`hn¡m\nSbpv. HcmÄ asämcmsf kvXpXn¨p ]dbp¶ Bfn \mepw kvXpXn¡p
hnt[bamIp¶ Bfn cpw A\ÀY§Ä kw`hn¡p¶p.
kvXpXn¡p¶ Bsf _m[n¡p¶
A\À°§Ä : (1) (kvXpXnbn AXnÀ¯n ewLn¡pIbpw XZzmcm hymP hÀW\bn {]thin¨p
t]mIbpw sN¿p¶p. alm\mb JmenZp_v\p aAvZm³ (d) ]dbp¶p: HcmÄ `cWm[nImcnsbtbm
Asæn aäp hÃhsctbm hymP hÀW\ sNbvXm Ah³ Xsâ \mhp sImv
XSªphogp¶ \nebn ]ctemI¯v hcp¶XmWv (Clvbm, t]Pv 156, hmeyw 3).
(2) Ahsâ lrZb¯nenÃm¯ kvt\lw _mlyambn {]ISn¸n¡pI \nan¯w P\§sf
ImWn¡m\mbn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ ap\m^nJpIÄ DÄs¸Sp¶p. (3) kq£vaambn Adnbm¯
kwKXnIÄ ssIImcyw sNbvXpsh¶ A]cm[¯n\p Ah³ ]m{Xambn¯ocp¶p.
]cnip²JpÀB\n C§s\ ]dbp¶p:
\n\¡v kq£vaambn AdnhnÃm¯ hnjbs¯ \o ]n³]äcpXv. \nsâ sNInSpw I®pw
lrZbhpsaÃmw Xs¶ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶XmWv (kqdx CkvdmAv).
asämcmsf kvXpXn¨p ]dbp¶Xv
alm\mb DadpÂ^mdqJ (d) tIÄ¡pIbpmbn. At¸mÄ DaÀ (d) At±lt¯mSv C§s\
tNmZn¨p. \o At±lsam¶n¨p bm{X sNbvXn«ptm? At±lw ]dªp. CÃ. DaÀ:
\o Ah\pambn hà CS]mSnepw GÀs¸«n«ptm? At±lw: CÃ. DaÀ (d) ]dªp:
AÃmlphmWv kXyw. \n\¡v At±ls¯ Adnbmsa¶v Rm³ hnNmcn¡p¶nÃ.
(4) kvXpXn¡v hnt[b\mIp¶
BÄ Nnet¸mÄ ZpÀhr¯t\m A{Iantbm Bbncn¡pw. A§s\bpÅhsc kt´mjn¸n¡p¶Xv
aXZrjvSym hntcm[n¡s¸«XmWv. t\scadn¨p Ahsc ZpxJn¸n¡pIbmWv thXv.
\_n (kz) AcpÄ sN¿p¶p. ZpÀ\S¸pImcs\ kvXpXn¡p¶Xv AÃmlphns\ Ip]nX\m¡n¯oÀ¡p¶XmWv
(ss_lJn).
lk³ (d) ]dbp¶p:
A{IanbpsS ZoÀLmbpÊn\mbn {]mÀYn¡p¶h³ `qanbn sXäpsN¿p¶Xv
hÀ[nt¡Wsa¶m{Kln¡p¶h\mWv.
kvXpXn¡v hnt[b\mb BfnÂ
Dmbn¯ocp¶ A\À°§Ä: (1) Ah\n \mitlXp¡fmb Alw`mhw: s]cpa, s]m§¨w
apXemb ZpÀKpW§Ä kwPmXambn¯ocp¶p. a\pjys\ \mi KÀ¯¯n B]Xn¸n¡m³ Ah
Xs¶ aXn. DaÀ (d) AS¡apÅ Hcp kZÊn PmdqZv_v\p ap³ZnÀ (d)
hcnIbpmbn. At±ls¯ It¸mÄ HcmÄ C§s\ ]dªp. CXm d_oA tKm{X¯nsâ t\Xmhv
hcp¶p. DS³ Xs¶ DaÀ (d) Xsâ I¿nepmbncp¶ hSn sImv PmdqZns\
XÃpIbpmbn. ]cn{`aNn¯\mbns¡mv PmdqZv tNmZn¨p. AÃtbm Jeo^x
AhÀItf, \nc]cm[nbmb Fs¶ AhnSp¶vF´n\v XÃp¶p. DaÀ (d) ]dªp. \ns¶
HcmÄ ]pIgv¯nbt¸mÄ \nsâ lrZb¯n Alw`mhw IS¶pIqSnt¸mtbm F¶p
kwibn¨p. A§s\bmsW¦n AXv lrZb¯n \n¶v t]mIt«sb¶v IcpXnbn«mWv Rm\n§s\
sNbvXXv (Clvb).
(2) Rm³ ]cn]qÀW\pw
kvXpXyÀl\pambn¯oÀ¶ncn¡p¶psh¶pÅ Hcp [mcW Ah\n DSseSp¡pIbpw X¶nan¯w
]ptcmKat\Ñ Ah\n \n¶v ]¼ IS¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Rm³ A]qÀW\msW¶v
hnizkn¨m am{XamWtÃm apt¶m«pÅ ImÂsh¸v XpSÀ¶psImv D¶XmhØ
IcØam¡m³ apXncpI.
\o \nsâ ktlmZcsâ Igp¯v
apdn¨psh¶v \_n (kz) ]dªXv Cu kwKXnbmWv kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv. |