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Cu kapZmb¯nse Gäw D¯a·mÀ
kzlm_¯mWtÃm. Zo³ AXnsâ X\Xmb coXnbn ]Tn¨p DÄsIm Gäw henb ]WvVnXcpw
AhÀ Xs¶. Hcp aZvl_v kzoIcn¡p¶psh¦n alm·mcmb A_q_¡À, DaÀ, Dkvam³, Aen
(d) apXemb kzlm_namcn HcmfpsS aZvl_sà kzoIcnt¡Xv?
 klm_¯nsâ Imew Ckvemansâ kphÀW
bpKw Xs¶; ktµlanÃ. A¶p apPvXlnZpIÄ kpe`amWv. ]t£, Hcp kzlm_nbpsSbpw
aZvl_v k¼qÀWambn tcJs¸Sp¯s¸«n«nÃ. A¶p AXnsâ Bhiyapmbncp¶nÃ. {KÙ cN\bpsS
ImeL«¯nemWv NXpÀ aZvl_nsâ CamapIÄ Pohn¨Xv. aX hnÚm\w Xg¨p hfÀ¶p {KÙcq]w
{]m]n¨ Imeambncp¶p AXv. \_n (kz) bpsS Xncpkp¶¯pw, Jeo^amcpsS \S]SnIfpw,
{]hnimeamb CkvemanI km{amPy¯nsâ hnhn[ {]hniyIfn kzlm_¯nsâ Ime¯p \ymbm[n]·mÀ
\S¯nb hn[n \ymb§fpw ap^vXnamcpsS hnhn[ ^XvhIfpw t{ImUoIcn¡s¸«n«pmbncp¶p.
A§s\ _rl¯mb hnÚm\ k¼¯v AhcpsS ap¼n h¶pIqSn. ]camh[n lZokpIÄ AhÀ
tXSn¸nSn¨p. A§s\ Ahsb Ahew_am¡n Gäw kq£vaXtbmSp IqSn Ckvemansâ kIe
A[ymb§fnepw AJne {]iv\§sfIpdn¨pw AhÀ KthjWw \S¯n. KthjW^e§Ä AhÀ
tcJs¸Sp¯n sh¨p. ]WvVnX·mÀ bpKbpKm´cambn AXp ssIamdnt¸m¶p. CXmWv
aZvl_pIÄ.
Hcp C_mZ¯n HcmfpsS aZvl_v
kzoIcn¡Wsa¦n AXnsâ ^Àfv, iÀXzv, kp¶¯v, ap_vXznemXv, aIvdqlmXv XpS§nb
Imcy§fn Fs´ms¡bmWv AbmfpsS A`n{]mb§Ä F¶p ]qÀWambn AdnbWw. F¶mÂ, \nch[n
Imcy§fn kzlm_¯n ]ecpsSbpw ^XvhIfpw \S]SnIfpw hn[nIfpw \½psS
ap¼neps¦nepw GsX¦nepw Hcp C_mZ¯nÂ, ta ]dª hn[w k¼qÀWamb coXnbnÂ
AhcpsS aZvl_v \ap¡v e`n¨n«nÃ. A§s\ e`n¡p¶ ]£w, Ahsc XJveoZv sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
alm\mb C_v\p A_vZnÊemw (d) ]dbp¶p :
GsX¦nepw Hcp kzlm_nbn \n¶v
Hcp aZvl_v icnbmb hn[w Øncs¸«m At±ls¯ XJveoZv sN¿msa¶ Imcyw GI
IWvTamIp¶p. AÃm¯]£w XJveoZv sN¿m³ ]mSnÃ. kzlm_n, XJveoZn\Àl\Ãm¯Xp
sImÃ; {]XypX kzlm_nbpsS aZvl_v ]qÀWambn Øncs¸«n«nà F¶Xp sImmWv (^XmhÂ
Ip_vdm C_v\p lPÀ 4þ307).
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