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IrjnbpsS kImXv

tNm: IrjnbpsS kImXv Bscms¡bmWv sImSpt¡Xv? kImXv hnlnXw F{XbmWv?

D: h³InS IÀjIcmWv CkvemanI ho£W¯nÂ kImXv sImSpt¡Xv. sN dpInS IÀjIÀ kImXv sImSpt¡XnÃ. ""Imc¡bnepw, (sXmenbnÂ kq£n¡p¶XÃm¯) [m\y¯nepw A©v hkvJv F¯p¶Xphsc kImXnÃ'' (apkvenw). A©v hkvJv F¶mÂ 300 kzmAv. aq¶v enädpw 200 an. enädpamWv Hcp kzmA.v At¸mÄ 300 kzmAv 960 enädmWv. s\Ãv sXmenbnÂ kq£n¡p¶Xn\mÂ AXnsâ IW¡v ]¯v hkvJmWv. AXmbXv 1920 enäÀ. Dan Ifª A ©v hkvJv e`n¡m\mWnXv. 1920 enäÀ s\Ãp hnfbp¶ IÀjI\mWv Xsâ Ir jn¡pthn kImXv sImSpt¡Xv. AXnÂ Ipdª hnfshSp¡p¶ IÀjIÀ¡v Ckvemw kImXns\s¯m«v Cfhv \ÂInbn«pv.

hÀj¯nÂ 960 enäÀ [m\y§Ä hnfbp¶ IÀjIÀ Xsâ ImÀjnI hcpam\¯nsâ ]¯p iXam\amWv kImXmbn \ÂtIXv. Irjn hfÀ¯m³ PetkN\w hgn Nnehv h¶n«ps¦nÂ A©v iXam\w kImXv \ÂInbmÂ aXn.

FÃm Irjn¡pw kImXv sImSpt¡XnÃ. ]g§fnÂ temI \nehmcapÅXpw DW¡n kq£n¡mhp¶Xpamb Imc¡, ap´ncn F¶nh¡p am{XamWv kImXpÅXv. AhbÃm¯ ]g§Ä IrjnsN¿p¶hÀ kImXv sImSpt¡XnÃ. apJymlmcamb `£y[m\y§Ä Irjn sN¿p¶hcpw kImXv sImSp¡Ww. ChbÃm ¯ Irjn¡v kImXv sImSpt¡XnÃ. ]t£, A{]ImcapÅ ImÀjntImXv]¶§Ä hnäpIn«p¶ ]Ww kImXnsâ XpI XnIbpIbpw tijw hÀjw ]qÀ ¯nbmhpIbpw sNbvXmÂ B kwJy¡v IÀjIÀ kImXv sImSp¡Ww. AXv IrjnbpsS kIm¯Ã.

PetkNnXw

tNm: ]¼pskäv sImv \\¨pw agsImv \\ªpapmb Irjn¡v F{XbmWv kImXv sImSpt¡Xv?

D: ]¼pskäpsImv \\¨pm¡nbXnsâ A©v iXam\hpw agsImv \\ªpmbXnsâ ]¯v iXam\hpw kImXv sImSp¡Ww. cphn[¯nepÅ \ \hpw H¶n\p`hn¨p sImv hfÀ¶pmb IrjnbmsW¦nÂ kImXns\ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw hyXymkapmIpw. cp \\hpw Xpey AfhnemsW¦nÂ Im ÀjnI hnfbpsS ]¯nsem¶nsâ \menÂ aq¶p`mKw kImXv sImSp¡Ww. DZmlcW¯n\v \qdv Nm¡v s\ÃpmbXv agshÅhpw ]¼pskäv shÅhpw Xpey AfhnÂ e`n¨msW¦nÂ Ggc Nm¡v s\Ãv kImXv sImSp¡Ww.

C\n cnsemcp Pew atäXns\¡mÄ IqSnbmÂ AhnsS AXXp hnlnXw t\m ¡n kImXv sImSp¡Ww. hyXykvX C\w IrjnIfmIpt¼mÄ Hmtcm Øe ¯pw GXp hn`mKw IrjnbmtWm DÅXv AXn\\pkcn¨mWv kImXv IW¡mt¡Xv. Hcp Irjn¡v cp hn[¯nepÅ \\hv e`n¨mÂ AhnsS IrjnbpsS \ne\nÂ¸n\pw hfÀ¨¡pw GXp \\hmWv IqSpXÂ klmbIsa¶v t\m¡n hnlnXw IW¡m¡Ww.

sehnbpw Cfhpw

tNm: `£y £maapÅ hÀj§fnÂ IÀjI\nÂ \n¶p \nÀ_Ô sehn Kh¬ saâv CuSm¡mdpv. IqSmsX ]mS¯n\v `q\nIpXn sImSp¡pIbpw thWw. C ¯cw L«¯nÂ IÀjI³ kImXnsâ ]nSn¯¯nÂ \n¶p apà\mhptam?

D: CÃ. P·n¡v sImSpt¡ ]m«w, Kh¬saân\v ASt¡ sehn, \nIpXn, hmSI, hbensâ hmSI Chsbm¶pw kImXnsâ ]nSn¯¯nÂ \n¶pw IÀjIs\ apà\m¡nÃ. BsI hnfª IrjnbpsS kImXv IW¡m¡n hnXcWw sNbvXXn\p tijapÅXnÂ \n¶ÃmsX {]kvXpX hnlnX§Ä \ÂIcpXv.

apbpw _kvaXnbpw

tNm: Hcp hÀjw hnhn[bn\w s\Ãv Irjn sNbvXmÂ AhbnÂ Hmtcm C\hpw kImXnsâ Afhv Ft¯Xptm? kImXv sImSp¡pt¼mÄ GXv C\amWv \ÂtIXv?

D: Hcp hÀjs¯ hnfhv ]ebn\w s\ÃmsW¦nÂ Ah Hmtcm C\hpw Hcpan¨pIq«n Afhv ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶ptm F¶v t\mt¡XmWv. Hcp C\¯nse s\Ãv Afhv ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶nsÃ¦nÂ ASp¯ C\w AXnte¡v Iq«Ww. Hmtcm C\¯n\pw kImXv \ÂtIXv AXmXv C\¯nsâ hnlnXa\pkcn¨mWv. GXv C\amtWm IqSpXepÅXv kImXv hnlnX¯nÂ B C\ambncn¡pw IqSpXepmhpI.

sjtbgvUv

tNm: \mep hyànIÄ H¶n¨p ]WsaSp¯v Hcp IrjnbnSw hm§n AhnsS AhÀ Hcpan¨p Irjnbpw XpS§n. hnfshSp¯t¸mÄ kImXnsâ \nkzm_v Dv. ]t£, Hmtcmcp¯À¡pw AhchcpsS hnlnXw Xncn¨mÂ \nkzm_nÃ. F¶mÂ AXn\v kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIptam?

D: HcmÄ kz´amtbm ]ecpw H¶nt¨m Irjn sN¿pIbpw AXnÂ \n¶pÅ DXv]¶w \nkzm_v F¯pIbpw sNbvXmÂ AXn\v kImXpv. Hmtcmcp¯cpw kz´ambn Irjn sN¿pIbpw BÀ¡pw \nkzm_v CÃmXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ Bcpw kImXv sImSpt¡XnÃ.

Xcnip `qan

tNm: A¼Xv G¡À Øew Hcp IrjnbpanÃmsX InS¡p¶p. B `qan¡v kImXptm?

D: Øew F{X G¡À Ds¦nepw AXn\v kImXnÃ. Irjnbps¦nÂ Irjn ¡v am{XamWv kImXpÅXv. Øe¯n\nÃ.

hnf \new

tNm: Hcp hÀj¯nÂ H¶ne[nIw hnfhpmIp¶ HcmÄ¡v FÃm hnfhnepw IqSn kImXnsâ Afhv ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶pv. F¶mÂ B hyàn AXmXv hnfhnsâ IW¡\pkcn¨v kImXv sImSp¡m³ ]äptam? \nkzm_v F¯p¶Xn\pap¼v kImXv sImSp¯mÂ AXv km[phmIptam?

D: \nkzm_v (\nÝnX Afhv) ]qÀ¯nbmbXnsâ tijamWv Irjn¡v kImXv \nÀ_ÔamIp¶Xv. BZy hnfshSp¸nsâ kab¯v \nkzm_v ]qÀ¯nbmbn«nsÃ¦nÂ At¸mÄ kImXv \nÀ_ÔanÃ. Hcp hnlnXw AXnÂ \n¶p \ÂInbm Â AXv kIm¯mhpIbpanÃ. B hÀj¯nse aäp hnfIÄ sImv \nkzm_v ]qÀ¯nbmb tijw FÃmän\pw IqSn kImXv sImSp¡pIbmWv thXv (^XmhÂ Ip_vd 2/39).

sImbv¯v Iqen

tNm: sImbv¯v Iqen Ign¨pÅXn\mtWm kImXv sImSpt¡Xv?

D: AÃ. km[mcW s\Ãv sImbvsXSp¡p¶Xnsâ Iqenbmbn s\Ãv Xs¶ \Â Imdpv. F¶mÂ Iqenbmbn \nÝbn¨ s\Ãv sImSp¡p¶Xn\v ap¼v Xs¶ s\ Ãv Af¡Ww. At¸mÄ 1920 enädps¦nÂ AXnsâ ]¯p iXam\w ]mh§ Ä¡p \ÂIWw. tijapÅXnÂ \n¶mWv sImbv¯v Iqen \ÂtIXv. Iqen sImSp¯ tijaÃ kImXnsâ Afhv \St¯Xv.

hn¯p tiJcWw

tNm: ImÀjnI hnfIÄ hnÂ¡Wsa¶p IcpXn HcmÄ [m\yw hm§n Irjn sN bvXp. F¶mÂ AXn\v I¨hS¯nsâ kImXmtWm \ÂtIXv?

D: em`w e£yan«psImv kz¯v \ÂIn ]Icw hm§p¶ hkvXp¡fn Â {Ib hn{Ibw \S¯p¶Xn\mWv hym]mcw F¶p]dbp¶Xv. hn¯v hm§n Irjn sN¿pt¼mÄ hnfhv hnÂ¡Wsa¶v IcpXnbXv sImv AXv hym]mcamInÃ. AhnsS hym]mc kImXpanÃ. {]XypX IrjnbpsS kImXmWv \ÂtIXv.

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