atäXp
cwKhpw t]mse Bßob taJebpw F¶pw NqjW hnt[bambncp¶p. Bßob thjw [cn¨p a\pjysc
GXv h©\bnepw AIs¸Sp¯msa¶v NqjIÀ Gsd ap¼pXs¶ a\Ênem¡nbncp¶p. Ckvemansâ
t]cnÂXs¶ Ckvemw hncp² kwLS\IÄ DmIm\pw Bßob\mbIcpsS thj¯nepw
kz`mh¯nepw hymP ·mÀ {]Xy£s¸Sm\psaÃmw CXv \nan¯ambn. ssiJpw
XzcoJ¯psaÃmw {]Nm cW {]hÀ¯\§fneqsS hnägn¡m\pw apcoZpIsft¯Sn ssiJpamÀ
Aeªp \S¡m\psams¡ ImcWambXpw BßobXtbmSpÅ apkvenwIfpsS {]Xn]¯n
apXseSp¯psImmbncp¶p.
hymtPmànIÄ¡nSbn bYmÀY
BßobXbpsS X\na Xncn¨dnbmsX t]mhp Itbm ]mtS \ntj[n¡s¸SpItbm sN¿p¶ AhØ
hsc kwPmXambn«pv.
hen¿v, Idma¯v, hnembXv F¶nhsb¡pdn¨v
icnbmbn a\Ênem¡p¶Xv Gsd ¡psd NqjW§fn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sm³ \s½ klmbn¡pw.
hymP·msc Nq n¡m«n X\nasb XÅn¸dbp¶ ]p¯³ Nn´mKXn¡mcpsS Im]Syw Xncn¨dn
bm\pw Cu Úm\w A\nhmcyamWv.
hen¿ns\ Camw dmkn (d) cp
hn[ambn thÀXncn¡p¶p. H¶v: ]m]§fpambn _Ôs¸SmsX AÃmlphnsâ A\pkcWbnembn
PohnXw kaÀ¸n¨h³. cv: tZmj§fn \n¶pÅ kwc£Whpw A\pkcn¡m\pÅ Xu^oJpw
AÃmlp I\nªp \ÂInbhÀ. XmXznIambn Cu cp hn`mKhpw X½n henb hyXymk sam¶pansöv
kq£vam]{KY\¯n hyàamIp¶p.
kAvZp±o\p¯^vXmkm\n (d) hen¿ns\
C{]Imcw \nÀhNn¡p¶p: ""AÃmlphn s\bpw Ahsâ KpWs¯bpw ]camh[n AdnbpIbpw
Bcm[\Ifn hym]rX cmhpIbpw tZmj§fn \n¶v ]qÀWambn Hgnªp \n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hcmWv
hen¿v. `uXnIm\µ§Ä¡pw hnImc§Ä¡pw t\sc ]pdw Xncnªp \n¡p¶h cmWhÀ'' (idlpÂ
AJmCZv 139).
DkvXmZv A_p Jmknw (d) \ÂIp¶
hniZoIcWw {it²bamWv: ""hen¿n\v c ÀYapv. H¶v: Xsâ kÀhImcy§fpw
AÃmlphns\ G¸n¨hÀ. Hcp \nan j¯nepw kzicocs¯¡pdn¨pt]mepw AhÀ Nn´n¡pIbnÃ.
A¯c¡mcpsS kwc£Ww AÃmlp GsäSp¯ncn¡p¶p. k¡Àansb AÃmlp GsäSp¡psa\v JpÀB\nÂ
]dªn«pv. cv: AÃmlphn\pÅ C_mZ¯n apgpIpIbpw tZmj§fpambn _Ôs¸SmsX Ahs\
A\pkcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ'' (cnkme ¯p Jpssicn¿x ]pdw 201).
Cu cv hntijW§fpw hen¿n\v A\nhmcyamsW¶v
A_pÂJmknw (d) hni ZoIcn¡p¶p. hnemb¯nte¡pÅ hgn, ta hnhcW¯n \n¶v
hyàamIp¶p. ITn\amb X]kybneqsS, Bcm[\m \naKv\amb PohnX¯neqsS kÀhkzhpw
AÃmlphn kaÀ¸n¡pIbpw `uXnIXbpsS BIÀjIXz¯n \n¶v Hgnªp \n¡pIbpw kÀh ]m]§fpw
hÀPn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ¡p am{Xta hnembXv {]m]n¡m³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.
ssiJv A_p Jmknw (d) ]dbp¶p:
""sXäpIfn \n¶v kwc£n¡s¸«hcmbn cn¡pI F¶Xv (CkzvaXv) \_namcpsS
KpWhntijWambXv {]Imcw FÃm tZmj§fn \n¶pw Imh \ÂIs¸«hcmbncn¡pI F¶Xv
hen¿nsâ hntij WhpamIp¶p'' (cnkme¯pÂJpssicn¿x ]pdw 201).
AÃmlphns\ ASp¯dnbp¶h\mWv
hen¿v. Bcm[\IÄ hgn Ahsâ kmao]yw IcØam¡pIbmWv Cu D¶Xn {]m]n¡m\pÅ amÀKw.
AXÃmsX hnembXn te¡v Ipdp¡phgnIsfm¶panÃ.
Camw dmkn (d) FgpXp¶p: ""AÃmlphnsâ
ASnaIÄ Bcm[\Ifn hym]rXcm Ipt¼mÄ Ahsâ sNhnbmIpw, I®mIpw F¶v AÃmlp {]kvXmhn¡p¶
]Zhn bnehs\¯pw. AÃmlp Ahsâ sNhnbmbm AcnInepw AIsebpapÅXv Hcp t]mse
Ah³ tIÄ¡p¶XmWv. AÃmlp Ahsâ I®mbm kao]¯pw Zqc ¯papÅXpw Ah³ ImWp¶p.
AÃmlp Ahsâ ssI Bbm {]bmkapÅXpw Ffp¸ambXpw ASp¯pw AIsebpapÅXpw
Hcpt]mse ssIImcyw sN¿m³ Ah\v Ignbp¶p'' (dmkn 21/92).
icoA¯nsâ \nba§Ä ]men¡p¶XnÂ
AXoh {i²mephmbncn¡pw hen¿v. Cu \nba§Ä F{X \nÊmcamsW¦n t]mepw AXv
]cnKWn¡m¯h³ hnem bXnse¯pIbnÃ. A_q Aen¿nZnJmJv (d) hn \n¶v ssiJv A_pÂ
Jmknw (d) D²cn¡p¶p:
""hnemb¯psImv {]kn²\mb Hcp
hyànsb kµÀin¡m³ A_q bkoZn _nkvXzman (d) Dt±in¨p. At±lw {]kvXpX
hyànbpsS ]Ånbnse¯n At±l ¯nsâ BKa\hpw {]Xo£n¨ncp¶p. ]Ånbn Xp¸ns¡mmWv
AbmÄ h¶Xv. DSs\ A_qbkoZv At±lt¯mSv kemw t]mepw ]dbmsX Xncn¨pt]m¶p. ico
A¯nsâ \nba§Ä ]men¡p¶Xn hnizkvXX ImWn¡m¯ Cu a\pjy³ AÃmlphnsâ clky§fpsS
(AkvdmÀ) Imcy¯n F§s\ hnizkvX\mIp sa¶v A_qbkoZv (d) BcmbpIbpmbn'' (cnkmeXpÂ
Jpssicn¿x, t]. 201).
AÃmlphns\¡pdn¨pÅ Nn´bn FÃmw
ad¶v hnthI_p²n \jvSs¸Sp¶ Hcp hn`mKw Huenbm¡fpsS CSbnepv. AhÀ icoAXv \nba§Ä
A\pkcn¡W sa¶ \nÀ_Ô¯n \n¶v ]pd¯mbXn\m Ah ]men¡Wsa¶nÃ. km[mc W¡mcnÂ
NneÀ¡p `uXnI ImcW§fm {`m´v kw`hn¡p¶Xp t]mse BßobImcW§fm {`m´p ]nSn¨hcmWv
Cu hn`mKw. {kjvSmhns\ kw_ Ôn¨ Nn´bn FÃmw ad¡p¶hÀ. ]ctemI PohnXw
kpJIcam¡m\mWhÀ {ian¡p¶Xv.
Chsc kw_Ôn¨p IqSpXÂ ]T\¯n\v "cnkmeXpÂ
Jpssicn¿x', C_v\p ssXan¿xbpsS "aPvaqDÂ ^Xmh' F¶nh t\m¡pI. C¯cw AhØ {]m]n¡p
¶hÀ¡v icoAXnsâ \nba§Ä _m[Iasöv C_v\plPdp sslXanbpsS "^Xmh lZokn¿x'
t]Pv 224  hyàam¡p¶pv. C_v\pssXan¿x Xsâ ^Xmhbn C¡mcyw k½Xn¡p¶p:
""\njn²aÃm¯ ImcW¯m _p²n \jvSs¸«hÀ¡v
icoAXnsâ hn[nIÄ _m [IaÃ'' (^Xmhm C_v\pssXan¿x
hen¿n\p icoAXn AKm[ Úm\apmbncn¡Ww.
aX¯nsâ hn[nhne¡p Isf kw_Ôn¨v AdnhnÃm¯ hyàn Hcn¡epw hnembXnse¯pIbnÃ.
aq{X samgn¨m hr¯nbm¡m³ t]mepadnbm¯ t`mj·mÀ hen¿v Naªp \S¡p¶ C¡me¯v
apkvenwIÄ C¡mcyw Kuch]qÀhw hnebncp¯Ww. Hcp lZokn C{]Imcw ImWmw:
""hnhcanÃm¯hs\ (PmlnÂ) AÃmlp
(B AhØbnÂ) hen¿m¡pIbnÃ. Hen ¿mhp¶ hyàn¡v AÃmlp CÂav ]Tn¸n¡pIXs¶
sN¿pw''(XJvco_p Dkzq Â, t]. 51).
Ikv_n¿v, eZp¶n¿v F¶o
amÀK§fnembmWv hnÚm\w e`n¡pI. A[zm\¯n eqsSbpÅ ]T\amWv H¶mat¯Xv.
AÃmlphn \n¶v Zm\ambn (A[zm\an ÃmsX) e`n¡p¶XmWv cmat¯Xv. GsX¦nepw
hn[¯n e`n¨ hnÚm\w hen¿n\pmbncn¡Wsa¶v kmcw.
""A£cÚm\anÃm¯hcpw
hnemb¯nse¯nsb¶phcmw. ]t£, eZp¶n¿mb Úm\w At¸mtg¡pw At±l¯n\p e`n¨ncn¡pw.
A¯c¡mcmb [mcmfw Huenbm¡fpv'' (XJvco_p DkzqÂ, t]. 55).
AÃmlphn kzbw kaÀ¸nXcmbn, `uXnI
{]tem`\§fn \n¶v tamNnXcmbn kpXmcyamb e£y¯nte¡p k©cn¡p¶hcmWv AÃmlphnsâ
Huenbm¡Ä. hnembXv {]m]n¡p¶tXmsS hen¿nsâ _lpam\mÀYw AÃmlp\ÂIp¶
hninjvSIgnhmWv IdmaXv.
Camw dmkn (d) FgpXp¶p:""ASna
AÃmlphn\v hgns¸Sp¶Xn Ah³ I¸n ¡p¶Xpw Xr]vXns¸Sp¶Xpamb Imcy§Ä ]qÀWambn
A\pkcn¡p¶ AhØ bnse¯pIbpw \ntcm[n¡p¶ FÃm Imcy§fpw Dt]£n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ,
B ASna Dt±in¡p¶ Imcyw F§s\bmWv dºv ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p sImSp¡mXncn¡pI.
XoÀ¨bmbpw B ASnabpsS D±iyw \nÀhln¡s¸Sm³ AÀlXbpÅXmWv. ImcWw Ahsâ
imcocnIhpw sshImcnIhpamb _elo\XtbmsSm¸w AÃmlp CÑn¡p¶Xpw I¸n¡p¶Xpamb
apgph³ Imcy§fpw Ah³ {]mhÀ¯nIam¡p t¼mÄ, ASna Dt±in¡p¶ Imcy§Ä
]qÀ¯oIcn¡s¸Sm³ AÀlambn¯o cp¶p'' (11/90).
""AÃmlp ]dªXmbn \_n (kz) ]dbp¶p.
Rm³ \nÀ_Ôam¡nb Imcy§Ä sNbvXpsImv ASna F¶nte¡v ASp¯psImncn¡pw.
sFÑnIamb Imcy§Ä (kp¶XpIÄ) sImv Ah³ F¶nte¡v IqSpX ASp¯psImncn¡pw.
A§s\ Rm³ Ahs\ CjvSs¸Spw. Rm³ Ahs\ CjvSs¸«m Ahsâ tIÄhn Rm\mIpw. I®v Rm\mIpw.
\mhpw lrZbhpw Imepw Rm\mIpw. Fs¶s¡mv Ah³ tIÄ¡pw. Fs¶s¡mv Ah³ ImWpw.
Fs¶s¡mv Ah³ kwkmcn¡pw. Fs¶s¡mv Ah³ \S¡pw......... kwibanÃ. Cu ]Zhn
kÀ¸s¯bpw h\yarKs¯bpw hgns¸Sp¯p¶nt\¡mfpw acp`qanbn sdm«ntbm ap´ncntbm
shÅtam e`n¡p¶Xnt\¡mfpw D¶XamIp¶p. D¶Xamb C¯cw ]ZhnIfnte¡v Xsâ ASnasb
DbÀ¯nb DZmc\mb AÃmlphn\v B ASna¡v acp`qanbn sdm«ntbm shÅtam \ÂIp¶XnÂ
F´v XSÊamWpÅXv'' (dmkn, 11/91).
AÃmlphns\ Bcm[n¡pIbpw A\pkcn¡pIbpw
sN¿pIhgn D¶Xamb ]Zhn IÄ {]m]n¨hÀ¡v Aam\pjnI IgnhpIÄ DmIpsa¶v
bpàn]qÀhw kaÀYn ¡pIbmWv Camw dmkn (d). Akm[mcWsa¶p IcpXs¸Sp¶ FÃm
Imcy§fpw IdmaXmsWt¶m Ch shfns¸Sp¯p¶hscÃmw hen¿msWt¶m ]dbm³ ]änÃ.
knlvdneqsSbpw aäpw Akm[mcW {]hÀ¯\§Ä sN¿m³ km[nt¨¡pw. IdmaXns\
Xncn¨dnbm\pÅ am\ZWvUw Ah shfnhmIp¶ hyànbpsS PohnXcoXn ]cntim[n¡pIbmWv.
CkvemanI icoA¯n\p hnt[bamWv Abm fpsS PohnXsa¦n AXv IdmaXv BsW¶p
hnizkn¡mw.
C_v\plPdn AkvJem\n (d) FgpXn:
""Akm[mcW IgnhpIÄ {]ISn¸n¡p ¶h³ hen¿msW¶ [mcW sXämIp¶p. ImcWw kmlnÀ
(B`nNmc¡c³), Imln³ ({]iv\w t\m¡p¶h³), dmln_v F¶nhcn \n¶pw Ch kw`hn¡mw.
AXpsImv IdmaXv shfns¸Sp¯nb hyànsb hnebncp¯Ww. At±lw Zo \nsâ \nba§Ä A\pkcn¡pIbpw
\ntcm[n¡s¸« Imcy§Ä Dt]£n¡p Ibpw sN¿p¶ps¦n B IdmaXv Ahsâ hnembXnsâ
ASbmfambncn¡pw'' (^XvlpÂ_mcn 7/383).
hen¿nsâ CjvSm\pkcWw IdmaXv
kw`hn¡ptam F¶ kwibw NneÀ D¶bn ¡mdpv. CXn\v C_v\pssXan¿x Xsâ ^Xmhbn \ÂIp¶
adp]Sn {it² bamWv:
""hen¿nsâ Bhiym\pkcWw
IdmaXpIÄ DmIpsa¶v a\Ênem¡nbncn¡Â A\nhmcyamIp¶p'' (^Xmhm C_v\pssXan¿x,
t]. 157).
PpssdPv (d) hpambn _Ôs¸«
kw`h¯n tNmcss¸X kwkmcn¨ kw`hw hnhcn¨tijw C_v\plPÀ (d) FgpXp¶p:
""Cu kw`hw Huenbm¡Ä¡p
Idma¯pmIpsa¶Xn\pw AhcpsS CjvSm\p kcWw AXv kw`hn¡msa¶Xn\pw sXfnhmWv''
(^XvlpÂ_mcn, 8/316).
Camw dwen (d) FgpXp¶p: ""HuenbmCÂ
\n¶v Dt±iy]qÀhambpw AÃmsXbpw IdmaXpIÄ kw`hn¡mw'' (^Xmhm dwen, 4/386)
hnip²JpÀB³ 18/11, 3/37,
27/40, 19/25, 18/40, 70, 71, 74, 77 F¶o kqà§fn Huenbm¡fpsS IdmaXpIÄ
hnhcn¨n«pv. ^XvlpÂ_mcn 8/316, 8/351, 8/360, 8/749 idlpapkvenw 16/174,
18/132 F¶o t]PpIfnepÅ lZokpIfn IdmaXp IÄ D²cn¨n«pv. ^Xmhm C_v\pssXan¿x
11/153, 154, 155, 156 F¶o t]PpIfn HuenbmCsâ IdmaXpIÄ hniZambn {]Xn]mZn¡p¶pv.
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